突破GRE邏輯閱讀7大語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的分詞作狀語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)
針對(duì)GRE閱讀考試中的分詞作狀語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu),為您帶來(lái)專(zhuān)業(yè)解讀,供考生閱讀中進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確理解和分析。
分詞通常有現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞兩種,他們?cè)谖闹,不僅可以作為形用詞,而且還能像副詞短語(yǔ)那樣,說(shuō)明動(dòng)詞或表達(dá)某個(gè)整句要表達(dá)的概念。例如:Then, having ensured that their species will survive, the shrimp die as the last of the water evaporates.然后,在確保其物種能生存下去之后,蝦子就會(huì)隨著最后一點(diǎn)水蒸發(fā)掉而死去。這個(gè)句子的having ensured that their species will survive相當(dāng)于when或者是after,即分詞短語(yǔ)可以用來(lái)做表示時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)部分。又如:Used economically, one bottle of kerosene will last for at least one month.用的節(jié)省的話,一瓶煤油至少可以用一個(gè)月。這時(shí)的分詞又可以用來(lái)表示條件和原因。再如:Granting the achievement to be great, there is still something to be desired.即使成就是巨大的,仍有一些有待改進(jìn)的地方。這時(shí)可見(jiàn)分詞短語(yǔ)在這里又可以表示讓步。此外分詞做狀語(yǔ)還可以表示伴隨等情況。
此外,需要注意的是分詞的兩種用法和結(jié)構(gòu):
1)分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與主句的主語(yǔ)一致,如果不一致,要用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。如:All the money having been spent, they had to look for a part-time job.錢(qián)花光之后,他們不得不找零活干。
2)with+名詞(或代詞賓格)+分詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ),表示伴隨情況。
如:With oil expected to be scarce by the end of the century, the European Community has set aside 36 million dollars for hydrogen research over the past four years.預(yù)期本世紀(jì)末石油將緊缺,在過(guò)去四年里,歐洲共同體已儲(chǔ)備了3,600萬(wàn)美元進(jìn)行氫氣的研究工作。
Then, maneuvering that iron stove through that doorway, with another mighty grunt Pete just heaved it forward and outward, and it smashed down against her little grassy-patched dirt back yard, the sounds of the crash and the iron cracking open sending her little spotted feist dog and her few any-breed chichens all yelping and squawking and flying.
句子解析:maneuvering that iron stove through that doorway是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ),表示時(shí)間。the iron cracking open是獨(dú)立分詞結(jié)構(gòu),而sending her little spotted feist dog and her few any-breed chichens all yelping and squawking and flying的sending是分詞獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu),而后面的三個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞是作為賓語(yǔ)spotted feist dog and her few any-breed chichens的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。
句子翻譯:然后,彼特搬著鐵爐走出門(mén)口,又大喝了一聲,舉起鐵爐向前往外拋去,頓時(shí)落在她亂草叢生的小后院,摔成碎片。撞擊聲和生鐵的破裂聲把她的小花狗和幾只小雞嚇得咯咯大叫,四散飛逃。
If you haven’t actively sought a job in the past week and aren’t available for an immediate start, you are moved from the ranks of the unemployed to one of a number of other categories—--so those who throw up their hands after a period of looking vanish into a one-line column, becoming just blips in the statistician’s computer, along with those who haven’t been able to get out and look for work, or aren’t in areas where jobs exist, or who don’t fulfill the other stringent guidelines to be classed as actively looking for work.
句子解析:這個(gè)句子很長(zhǎng),但其真正的主句在破折號(hào)之前。其主句中if引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)表示條件的從句,而破折號(hào)之后的內(nèi)容用于進(jìn)一步解釋one of a number of other categories,who引導(dǎo)的是those的定語(yǔ)從句,becoming just blips in the statistician’s computer這個(gè)現(xiàn)在分詞作為狀語(yǔ)用于表示結(jié)果,和接下來(lái)的伴隨狀況,along with those who…是一復(fù)雜的短語(yǔ)用于狀語(yǔ),用以進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明和對(duì)比。
句子翻譯:如果你在過(guò)去的'一周里沒(méi)有積極尋找工作,并且不能馬上開(kāi)始上班,那他們就會(huì)把你從失業(yè)者群轉(zhuǎn)到許多其他類(lèi)別中的一類(lèi),所以那些找了一段時(shí)間以后感到絕望的人和那些沒(méi)能出去找工作或不在有工作的地區(qū)或是因不符合其他一些嚴(yán)格標(biāo)準(zhǔn)而沒(méi)能算在積極尋找工作之列的人一道統(tǒng)統(tǒng)消失掉,變成了統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)家電腦屏幕上的區(qū)區(qū)亮點(diǎn)而已。
綜上所述,想成功的突破GRE邏輯閱讀中的難句,我們需要扎實(shí)的語(yǔ)法知識(shí),了解GRE邏輯閱讀作者表達(dá)的思路,希望小編為大家搜集整理的有關(guān)突破GRE難句的語(yǔ)法知識(shí)能對(duì)大家有所幫助。
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