職高英語(yǔ)作文
職高英語(yǔ)作文教學(xué)初探
作文是對(duì)知識(shí)的綜合應(yīng)用,筆者結(jié)合這幾年的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗(yàn),談?wù)劼毟哂⒄Z(yǔ)作文在教學(xué)中的一些淺見。
一、認(rèn)清英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的現(xiàn)狀,了解學(xué)生的實(shí)際水平
職高生基礎(chǔ)差,對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)缺少信心,英語(yǔ)作文無(wú)從下筆,大-片空白,只能寫出單個(gè)詞,難以成句。高職考的作文比分重,難度大,因此學(xué)生必須提高英語(yǔ)寫作水平。
二、仔細(xì)研究高職考作文的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn),對(duì)癥下藥
第一,關(guān)鍵詞關(guān)鍵句齊全,觀點(diǎn)不能缺;
其次,簡(jiǎn)單句必須沒(méi)有錯(cuò)誤;
最后,復(fù)雜句用得恰當(dāng);
三、總結(jié)經(jīng)驗(yàn),研究方法
1.分層教學(xué),重視基礎(chǔ)
筆者總結(jié)了作文教學(xué)三點(diǎn)論,并要求學(xué)生做到三點(diǎn),緊抓三點(diǎn),最終能靈活使用。
(1)抓關(guān)鍵詞。抓關(guān)鍵詞是指以詞為中心,產(chǎn)生聯(lián)想,成為一篇文章。
高職考的作文評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn),有一條是以關(guān)鍵詞給分,所以應(yīng)要求學(xué)生在寫作時(shí)關(guān)鍵詞必須用上,如這樣一篇作文:
根據(jù)所給情景,參考所給的提示及關(guān)鍵詞,寫一篇60～80個(gè)詞的短文。
假如你是李平,你的朋友John向你詢問(wèn)如何保持健康,請(qǐng)你給他提些建議。關(guān)鍵詞:give,some advice,beans,especially,freshvegetables ,You’d better, take physical exercise, stay up
根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞造句:我可以給你提一些建議,要合理飲食,多吃寫豆類食物,尤其是新鮮蔬菜和水果。你最好注意鍛煉身體,不要熬夜。
簡(jiǎn)爾言之,就是首先依據(jù)提供的詞語(yǔ),在頭腦中有一個(gè)大致的輪廓,能知其意,再以詞為中心,遣詞造句。
(2)寫句子。所謂寫句子,是指在作文入門期間,要求學(xué)生嚴(yán)格做到“主謂賓(表)齊全”。
首先,基本句型結(jié)構(gòu)教學(xué)。幾乎所有的英語(yǔ)句型都是句型的擴(kuò)大、延伸或變化,因此訓(xùn)練學(xué)生“寫”就要抓住基本句型的訓(xùn)練,重點(diǎn)把握兩種結(jié)構(gòu):“主 及物動(dòng)詞 賓語(yǔ)”、“主 不及物動(dòng)詞”。。
其次,結(jié)合語(yǔ)文教學(xué),總結(jié)用法和規(guī)律,做到事半功倍、一箭雙雕。因?yàn)閺恼Z(yǔ)言學(xué)角度來(lái)說(shuō),語(yǔ)言有許多共通之處,有一些共律 ,如“形修名、副修動(dòng)”等, “句子必須要有謂語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞做謂語(yǔ)”等。
以上文為例,則可寫句子:
I give you some advice.
You need to eat beans especially fresh vegetables and fruits.
You’d better take physical exercise.
You should not stay up
對(duì)于基礎(chǔ)好的同學(xué),如果作文要出彩,在平時(shí)的教學(xué)中,筆者要求學(xué)生多總結(jié)有用的詞塊。
(3)把握時(shí)態(tài)。把握時(shí)態(tài)是指在作文時(shí),要具體分析不同的.場(chǎng)景,用對(duì)時(shí)態(tài),寫對(duì)句子:日記、故事描寫和事件描述用過(guò)去時(shí);闡述自己的觀點(diǎn),用現(xiàn)在時(shí);如果是參觀日程安排,用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài);解釋圖表,要看情況來(lái)選擇時(shí)態(tài)。
綜合所述,我們以2007年高職考作文為例試看:
假設(shè)你是Li Lei,即將告別三年的高中生活,在這三年中你和老師同學(xué)朝夕相處,一起學(xué)習(xí),共同成長(zhǎng)度過(guò)了美好的時(shí)光,請(qǐng)以“Thank you my dear teachers and classmates”為題用英語(yǔ)寫一篇短文,發(fā)表在班級(jí)的博客上。
Key words : graduate from ,enjoy, care about,patient, helpful, fair, kind, get on well with ,fun
Graduate from :I will soon graduate from our school and enter a college.
Enjoy: I enjoy studying with my teachers and classmates .
We enjoy ourselves every day .
We enjoy the time and life we spent together .
Care about : The teachers care about us.
patient helpful, fair kind: My teachers are patient and helpful to us.
They are fair to everyone. They are also kind .
We not only have many patient and fair teachers but also have many helpful and kind classmates.
It is patient and fair of my teachers to treat us .It is helpful and kind of my classmates to help my studies.
What patient and fair teachers they are!
How helpful and kind my classmates are!
get on well with : we get on well with each other .
Fun:What endlefun we have here!
We have fun here!
范文:
Dear teachers and classmates,
How time flies! We will soon graduate from our mother school and enter colleges. I really enjoy the time and life we spent together.
Our teachers care about everyone of us and how patient and fair they are .All the classmates get along well with each other .We are helpful and kind. We make progreand grow up together .I am so lucky and proud to study in such a good school What endlefun we have here!
Thank you , my dear teachers and classmates. I will never forget all we had in the three years.
Yours LiLei
2.寫作素材
教師為學(xué)生精選范文,研究范文,然后讓他們朗讀范文,背誦好句從而達(dá)到積極記憶,做到胸中有數(shù)。
3.重視作文批改
教師在改作文時(shí)要采取當(dāng)面批改,面對(duì)面地指出學(xué)生的錯(cuò)誤和知識(shí)的盲點(diǎn),有助于他們加深對(duì)犯過(guò)錯(cuò)誤的印象。
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