獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的賞析
請看下面一道題：Not far from the school there was a garden, _________ owner seated in it playing chess with his little grandson every afternoon.
A. its B. whose C. which D. that
【分析】此題很容易誤選B，許多同學(xué)會認(rèn)為句中逗號后是一個非限制性的定語從句，whose 在定語從句中用作定語修飾其后的'名詞 owner。此分析從表面上看，似乎天衣無縫，但實質(zhì)上是錯的，原因是空格后根本不是一個句子，因為沒有謂語。盡管句中有兩個動詞，但它們都是非謂語動詞。也許有的同學(xué)認(rèn)為，其中的 seated 可視為謂語動詞，但是注意，seat 用作動詞時，它總是及物的，其后要么接賓語，要么它就用于被動語態(tài)，所以若在 seated 前加上助動詞 is，則可以選擇B（當(dāng)然若將 seated （當(dāng)然若將 seated sitting，也應(yīng)選擇B）。所以此題最佳答案選A。請再看一個類似的例子：
(1) He wrote a lot of novels, many of _________ translated into foreign languages.
A. it B. them C.this D. that
(2) He wrote a lot of novels, many of _________ were translated into foreign languages.A. it B. them C. which D. that
第(1)應(yīng)選B，而不能選C，是因為句中的 translated 是過去分詞(非謂語動詞)，若選C，則該從句無謂語；第(2)應(yīng)選C，因為句中有謂語 were translatedC。
再請看下面一例：(3) He wrote a lot of novels, and many of _________ were translated into foreign languages.
A. it B. them C. which D. that
【分析】此題與上面的第(2)題不同，兩句間多了一個并列連詞and，說明這是一個并列句，故應(yīng)選B，則不能選C。
請做做以下三題(答案均為B)：
(1) There I met several people, two of _________ being foreigners.
A. which B. them C. whom D. that
(2) There I met several people, two of _________ were foreigners.
A. which B. whom C. who D. that
(3) There I met several people, and two of _________ were foreigners.
A. which B. them C. whom D. that
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