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英語四級(jí)考試備考提分練習(xí)題閱讀理解
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英語四級(jí)考試備考提分練習(xí)題閱讀理解
In bringing up children，every parent watches eagerly the child‘s acquisition (學(xué)會(huì)) of each new skill- the first spoken words，the first independent steps，or the beginning of reading and writing.It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate，but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads.On the other hand，though，if a child is left alone too much，or without any learning opportunities，he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.
Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children.Some may be especially strict in money matters.Others are sever over times of coming home at night or punctuality for meals.In general，the controls imposed represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child‘s own happiness.
As regard the development of moral standards in the growing child，consistency is very important in parental teaching.To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality(道德)。Also，parents should realize that “ example is better than precept ”。If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach(說教)，their children may grow confused and emotionally insecure when they grow old enough to think for themselves，and realize they have been to some extent fooled.
A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents‘ principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.
練習(xí)題：
Choose correct answers to the question：
◆1.Eagerly watching the child‘s acquisition of new skill ______
A.can be avoided
B.is universal among parents
C.sets up dangerous states of worry in the child
D.will make him lose interest in learning new things
◆2.In the process of children‘s learning new skills parents ________
A.should encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read
B.should not expect too much of them
C.should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own
D.should creative as many learning opportunities as possible
◆3.The second paragraph mainly tells us that _________
A.parents should be strict with their children
B.parental controls reflect only the needs of the parents and the values of the community.
C.parental restrictions vary， and are not always enforced for the benefit of the children alone.
D.parental vary in their strictness towards their children according to the situation.
◆4.The word “precept” (Line3， Para.3) probably means “_______”
A.Idea
B.punishment
C.behavior
D.instruction
◆5.In moral matters， parents should ________
A.observe the rules themselves
B.be aware of the marked difference between adults and children
C.forbid things which have no foundation in morality
D.consistently ensure the security of their children
答案及解析：
1.[B] 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。第1段第1句中的every parent，often等詞表明這種做法在父母中是非常普遍的，顯然B與之相符。A說法無原文依據(jù)，且由原文可看出題干所述現(xiàn)象是很難避免的;C中dangerous—詞在原文中本是修飾其他情緒，故C不符;D是過多地讓孩子自己一個(gè)獨(dú)處的后果，不是題干所述行為的后果。
2.[C] 推理判斷題。第1段第2句說明父母逼得太過分，應(yīng)避免。最后一句則說明對(duì)小孩太放任自流同樣不利。由這兩點(diǎn)，我們可以做出如下判斷：父母對(duì)孩子的“嚴(yán)”和“松”之間有一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)摹岸取�。C與之相符。
3.[C] 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。文章第2段表明：不同的家長對(duì)孩子的管制程度不同;家長對(duì)小孩的管制不僅是為了孩子個(gè)人的幸福，也反映了父母的需要以及社區(qū)的價(jià)值觀，故C與原文相符。
4.[D] 詞義理解題。由precept所在句可猜測precept應(yīng)與example相對(duì)，且與下文的preach意思相近，故D正確。
5.[A] 推理判斷題。第3段提到父母應(yīng)該避免講一套做一套，結(jié)合最后一段可得出結(jié)論：關(guān)于思想道德教育問題，父母應(yīng)以身作則，帶頭遵循，故A正確。
英語四級(jí)閱讀理解
Although many of us may feel air-conditioners bring relief from hot, humid or polluted outside air, they pose many potential health hazards. Much research has looked at how the movement of air inside a closed environment---such as an office building---can spread disease or expose people in the building to harmful chemicals.
One of the more widely publicized dangers is that of Legionnaire’s disease, which was first recognized inthe 1970s. This was found to have affected people in buildings with air-conditioning systems in which warmair pumped out of the system’ cooling towers was somehow sucked back into the air intake (通風(fēng)口),in mostcases due to poor design. The warm air, filled with bacteria,was combined with cooled, conditioned air andwas then circulated around various parts of the building. Studies showed that even people outside such buildings were at risk if they walked past air exhaust pipes.
Large air-conditioning systems add water to the air they circulate by means of humidifiers (濕度調(diào)節(jié)器).Inolder systems, the water used for this process is kept in special reservoirs, the bottoms of which providebreeding grounds for bacteria which can find their way into the ventilation (通風(fēng))system. The risk to human health from this situation has been highlighted by the fact that the immune systems (免疫系統(tǒng))of approximately half of workers in air-conditioned office buildings have developed the ability to fight off the organisms found at the bottom of system reservoirs. But chemicals called “biocides”are added to reservoirs to make them germ-free, and they are dangerous in their own right in sufficient quantities, as they often contain compounds strongly linked to cancers.
Finally, it should be pointed out that the artificial climatic environment created by air-conditioners canalso affect us. In a natural environment, whether indoor or outdoor, there are small variations in temperature and humidity. Indeed, the human body has long been accustomed to these normal changes. In an air-conditioned living or working environment, however, body temperatures remain well under37℃, our normal temperature. This leads to a weakened immune system and thus greater exposure to diseases such as colds and flu.
練習(xí)題：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1.What do we know about Legionnaire’s disease from the passage?
A.It was the most widely concerned office hazard.
B.It can affect people both inside and outside the building.
C.It happens only in air-conditioned office buildings.
D.It does not develop in well-designed buildings.
2.In the old air-conditioned systems, bacteria first develop______.
A.in the reservoirs
B. in the ventilation system
c. in the humidifiers
D. in the air intake
3.The fact that about half of workers developed the ability to fight off the bacteria may__.
A.relieve people’s worry about the danger caused by the bacteria
B.help people find an effective way to get rid of the bacteria
C.reflect the serious danger brought by the bacteria
D.cause serious disease such as cancers to people
4.The author most probably wants the readers to treat biocides with an attitude of_.
A.caution
B.trust
C.enthusiasm
D.criticism
5.The last paragraph implies that our immune system can be weakened when _
A.we live in an artificial climatic environment
B.there are variations in temperature and humidity
C.our body temperatures often remain not high enough
D.we are often exposed to diseases such as colds and flu
參考答案及解析
1.[B] 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。本題主要考査復(fù)合句的理解。第2段最后一句表明B是正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)A中的most和C中的only都太絕 對(duì)了，文中并未對(duì)選項(xiàng)A和C中的相關(guān)說法加以這樣的限定。選項(xiàng)D也太絕 對(duì)了，第2段第3句只是說到“大多數(shù)情況下是因?yàn)榭照{(diào)設(shè)計(jì)欠佳所致”,并不是說所有設(shè)計(jì)良好的大廈就不會(huì)發(fā)生這種情況。
2.[A] 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。本題考查復(fù)合句的理解。只要明白第3段第2句這個(gè)非限制性定語從句中的the bottoms of which中的which是指上文的reservoirs,問題就不難解決了。
3.[C] 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。本題考查被動(dòng)語態(tài)長句的理解。在第3段第3句中，關(guān)鍵詞是highlight,選項(xiàng)C是對(duì)原句主謂部分的近義替換。選項(xiàng)A和B在文中皆無提及，選項(xiàng)D是過度使用生物殺滅劑的后果，與本題干的情況無關(guān)。
4.[A] 觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。第3段最后兩句討論生物殺滅劑的用處，其中最后一句中的but, dangerous和cancers等詞說明作者認(rèn)為要慎用這種殺滅劑。作者并沒對(duì)殺滅劑全盤否定，只是說過量使用會(huì)引發(fā)危險(xiǎn)，因此選項(xiàng)D不對(duì)。
5.[C] 推理判斷題。本題考查代詞的理解。解題的關(guān)鍵在于理解最后一句中的This是指上一句所說的情況。選項(xiàng)A中所說的人造環(huán)境不是使免疫系統(tǒng)變?nèi)醯谋厝粭l件。選項(xiàng)B是保持免疫系統(tǒng)健康的條件。選項(xiàng)D是免疫系統(tǒng)變?nèi)鹾蟮挠绊憽?/p>
英語四級(jí)閱讀理解練習(xí)
We can see how the product life cycle works by looking at the introduction of instant coffee. When it was introduced, most people did not like it as well as “regular” coffee, and it took several years to gain general acceptance (introduction stage). At one point, though, instant coffee grew rapidly in popularity, and many brands were introduced (stage of rapid growth). After a while, people became attached to one brand and sales leveled off (stage of maturity). Sales went into a slight decline (衰退) when freeze-dried coffees were introduced (stage of decline).
The importance of the product life cycle to marketers is this: Different stages in the product life cycle call for different strategies. The goal is to extend product life so that sales and profits do not decline. One strategy is called market modification. It means that marketing managers look for new users and market sections. Did you know, for example, that the backpacks that so many students carry today were originally designed for the military?
Market modification also means searching for increased usage among present customers or going for a different market, such as senior citizens. A marketer may re-position the product to appeal to new market sections.
Another product extension strategy is called product modification. It involves changing product quality, features, or style to attract new users or more usage from present users. American auto manufacturers are using quality improvement as one way to recapture world markets. Note, also, how auto manufacturers once changed styles dramatically from year to year to keep demand from falling.
26. According to the passage, when people grow fond of one particular brand of a product, its sales will ________.
A) decrease gradually
B) remain at the same level
C) become unstable
D) improve enormously
27. The first paragraph tells us that a new product is ________.
A) not easily accepted by the public
B) often inferior to old ones at first
C) often more expensive than old ones
D) usually introduced to satisfy different tastes
28. Marketers need to know which of the four stages a product is in so as to ________.
A) promote its production
B) work out marketing policies
C) speed up its life cycle
D) increase its popularity
29. The author mentions the example of “backpacks” (Line 4, Para. 2) to show the importance of ________.
A) pleasing the young as well as the old
B) increasing usage among students
C) exploring new market sections
D) serving both military and civil needs
30. In order to recover their share of the world market, U.S. auto makers are ________.
A) improving product quality
B) increasing product features
C) modernizing product style
D) re-positioning their product in the market
參考答案：26. D 27. D 28. A 29.B 30. A
英語四級(jí)考試閱讀理解練習(xí)題
Questions 56-60 are based on the following passage.
Educators today are more and more oftenheard to say that computer literacy is absolutely necessary forcollegestudents. Many even argue that each incoming freshman should have permanentaccess to his or her ownmicrocomputer. What advantages do computers offer thecollege students?
Any student who has used a word processorwill know one compelling reason to use a computer: to writepapers. Although notall students feel comfortable composing on a word processor, most ,findrevising and editingmuch easier on it. One can alter, , or just bypressing a few keys, thus eliminating the need to rewrite orre-type.Furthermore, since the revision process is less burdensome, students are morelikely to revise as often as isnecessary to end up with the best paperpossible. For these reasons, many freshman English cottrses require the useof aword processor.
Computers are also useful in the contextof language courses, where they are used to drill students in basicskills.Software programs reinforce ESL(English as a Second Language .instruction, aswell as instrnction in French, German, Spanish, and other languages. By usingthese programs on a regular basis, students can improvetheir proficiency in alanguage while proceeding at their own pace.
Science students take advantage ofcomputers in many ways. Using computer graphic capabilities, forexample, botanystudents can represent and analyze different plant growth patterns. Medicalstudents can learn tointerpret computerized images of internal body structures.Physics students can complete complex calculations farmore quickly than theycould without the use of computer.
Similarly, business and accountingstudents find that computer spreadsheet programs are all but indispensabletomany aspects of their work, while students pursuing careers in graphic arts,marketing, and public relations find thatknowledge of computer graphic isimportant Education majors learn to develop grading systems usingcomputers,while social science students use computers for analyzing andgraphically displacing their research results.
It is no wonder, then, that educatorssupport the purchase and use of microcomputers by students. A Versatile tool, the computer can help students learn.And that is, after all, the reason for going to college.
56、The word"literacy" (Line 1,Paragraph 1) means _________.
A.the ability to read andwrite
B.the ability to use
C.literature
D.the knowledge of language
57、The main purpose of thispassage is to _________.
A.persuade the educators toincrease computer use in their own classroom
B.analyze advantages anddisadvantages of computer use among college students
C.identify some of the waysthat computers benefit college students
D.describe how computers canbe used to teach foreign languages
58、According to the author, aword processor can be used to_________.
A.revise papers
B.retype papers
C.reduce the psychologicalburden of writing papers
D.improve the writing skillsof a student
59、In this passage, thewriters argument is developed primarily through the use of_________.
A.cause-effect analysis
B.comparison andcontrast
C.induction
D.examples
60、According to the author,the reason for students to go to college is _________.
A.to learn something
B.to perfect themselves
C.to improve computerskills
D.to make the best use ofcomputers
答案解析：
56-60 BCADA
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