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英語四級作文技巧小結(jié)
一般來說,人們寫作時(shí)只是出于文體或上下文一致的原因,才使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。及物動(dòng)詞既可能是主動(dòng)的,又可能是被動(dòng)的。如果是主語發(fā)出的動(dòng)作,謂語應(yīng)用主語語態(tài);反之,如果主語是動(dòng)作施加的對象,謂語則應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。但事實(shí)上,人們更偏愛主動(dòng)語態(tài),因?yàn)樗@得突出而直截了當(dāng)。若謂語采用較弱的被動(dòng)語態(tài),行為者往往被隱去大名,或顯得好像并不重要。然而,當(dāng)不知道行為者是誰,或者作者想把重點(diǎn)放到動(dòng)作承受方而不是動(dòng)作方時(shí),動(dòng)作本身比采取動(dòng)作的人更重要,這時(shí)就有必要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)了。
Weak Passive: Hell need to be looked after.
Strong Active: Hell need looking after.
Weak Passive: Youre going to be covered favorably by the press.
Strong Active: Youre going to get fabulous press.
Weak Passive: Do you remember when Nelson Mandela of South Africa was freed?
Strong Active: Do you remember when Nelson Mandela of South Africa walked free?
Weak Passive: Rumors of a broader deal between DailmerChrysler and Nissan Motor Co. have been spread far and wide.
Strong Active: Rumors of a broader deal between DailmerChrysler and Nissan Motor Co. have gained currency.
Weak Passive: His language was too bad to be repeated.
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