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2023年高考英語(yǔ)核心詞匯
在現(xiàn)實(shí)學(xué)習(xí)生活中，說(shuō)起知識(shí)點(diǎn)，應(yīng)該沒(méi)有人不熟悉吧？知識(shí)點(diǎn)就是“讓別人看完能理解”或者“通過(guò)練習(xí)我能掌握”的內(nèi)容。掌握知識(shí)點(diǎn)有助于大家更好的學(xué)習(xí)。以下是小編收集整理的2023年高考英語(yǔ)核心詞匯知識(shí)點(diǎn)，供大家參考借鑒，希望可以幫助到有需要的朋友。
高考英語(yǔ)核心詞匯1
辨析角度復(fù)習(xí)詞匯：
1.以構(gòu)成形式為突破口進(jìn)行辨析：
1).差一冠詞，意義不同：
in charge of 負(fù)責(zé) in the charge of 由......負(fù)責(zé)
in possession of 占有 in the possession of 由......所占有
by sea 乘船 by the sea 在海邊
out of question 沒(méi)問(wèn)題 out of the question 不可能
at table 在吃飯 at the table 在桌邊
2).有無(wú)介詞，意義不同：
answer answer for對(duì)......負(fù)責(zé)，償還
search search for
leave leave for 離開去某地
reach reach for 伸手去拿
enter enter for 報(bào)名參加
run run for
stand stand for
pay pay for 付錢買某物
prepare prepare fpr
3).詞序顛倒，意義不同：
before long long before
much too too much
turn in in turn
hand in in hand 在手邊
work hard hard work
from far 來(lái)自遠(yuǎn)方 far from 離得遠(yuǎn)，遠(yuǎn)非
if only only if
4).是分是和，意義不同：
so as to so…as to sometimes some times
sometime some time everyday every day
altogether all together everyone every one
none no one
5).差一字母，用法不同：
alone lonely asleep sleep
alike like
arise產(chǎn)生，發(fā)生，出現(xiàn) rise await vt. 等候 wait
across prep. cross v. 橫越 adj. 交叉的，易怒的 aloud loud
2.以詞匯意義為突破口進(jìn)行辨析：
1).意義內(nèi)涵不同：
【destroy , damage , ruin】
The boy ruined the beautiful picture with ink on purpose. (不可修復(fù))
His hope of being a singer was destroyed. (不可修復(fù))
The heavy rain damaged a lot of houses. (可修復(fù))
【quiet , silent , still】
Be quiet and get on with your work.. 安靜的，寂靜的。表自然環(huán)境，表生性安靜，不易激動(dòng)
You must learn when to speak and when to keep silent. 表沉默的。表示不說(shuō)話，不弄出聲音
The air is so still that the smoke is rising straight up from the fire. 安靜的，不動(dòng)的。指人表面無(wú)動(dòng)作。
【occur , happen , take place】
It was unfortunate that this accident should happen / occur. 偶然發(fā)生，碰巧。常指不好的事情。
It occurred to him that he should go to see a dentist. 與happen 可互換。occur to sb. / sth. 思想出現(xiàn)在意識(shí)中。
The official opening of the store will take place next week. 指必然會(huì)發(fā)生的事情，無(wú)被動(dòng)。還有舉行活動(dòng)。
【argue , debate , quarrel】
The new couple are always quarrelling about so little family income. 指因憤怒而爭(zhēng)吵。
The workers argue for the right for a public holiday. 通過(guò)提出理由進(jìn)行論證。
First, let me introduce to everyone both sides of today’s debate. 指正式的辯論。
【fit , match , suit】
This coat doesn’t suit you. 多指顏色、款式、質(zhì)地等適合，合乎需要、口味、性格、條件和地位等。
This coat doesn’t fit you. 多指大小、尺寸、形狀合適、合身。
This tie doesn’t match this coat. 多指大小、形狀、顏色、性質(zhì)等方面的搭
配。
【matter , affair , business 】
I could do nothing to help you since the matter has gotten into such a mess. 側(cè)重麻煩或異常的事情、毛病。
Before going away, he arranged his business affairs. 一般為較重大的事件，也可泛指事務(wù)，要用復(fù)數(shù)。
Tom is the black sheep of his family. He has almost ruined his father’s busines s. 生意，行業(yè)，事情，事務(wù)
【normal , common , ordinary , usual , regular 】
As is known to all, snow is common in cold countries. 常見的，一般的。 common sense / knowledge
Are you returning home at the usual time today? 通常，往常，一貫如此。 as usual
Tom Sawyer was an ordinary American boy who kept getting into trouble. 普通的，平常的'，平凡的。
A new regular bus service to Tianjin Airport started to operate two months ago. 有規(guī)律的，定期的，經(jīng)常的。
My life was delighted that things had returned to normal once again. 正常的，智力，精神正常的。
【opposite , contrary 】
His house is opposite to mine. 指位置、方向、地位、意義等對(duì)立的、相反的。be opposite to 在......對(duì)面。
This is something quite contrary to my expectations. 主張、看法行為等相反的，含有互相沖突，不一致。
【realize , recognize , know 】
He didn’t realize his mistake until his mother told him. 認(rèn)識(shí)到，意識(shí)到，實(shí)現(xiàn)，完成。
It’s hard for me to recognize his voice on the phone. 認(rèn)出，辨認(rèn)，承認(rèn)。為短暫性動(dòng)詞，不接時(shí)間段作狀語(yǔ)。
We have known each other for many years. 知道，了解，熟悉，認(rèn)識(shí)�？山訒r(shí)間段作狀語(yǔ)。
【scene , scenery , sight , view 】
The scene after the earthquake was horrible. 指展現(xiàn)在眼前的情景，也可指scenery的一部分。含景物中的人。
He had a chance to see the historical sights of London. 指場(chǎng)景、眼前看到的景觀�？芍该麆�、風(fēng)景。用復(fù)數(shù)。
Hangzhou is world-famous for its beautiful scenery. 指某地總的自然風(fēng)景或景色，尤指美麗的鄉(xiāng)間景色。
There is a fine view of the mountain from our hotel. 指從遠(yuǎn)處或高處看到部分景色。
【separate , divide 】
Please separate the good apples from the bad ones. 把聚合在一起的事物、東西分開，常與from 連用。
Please divide the apple into two parts. 把一個(gè)整體分成若干部分，常與into 連用。
【struggle , fight 】
The soldiers fought bravely in the battle. 打仗，戰(zhàn)斗，主要指肉體上的對(duì)抗。常指打架。
On arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen.掙扎，斗爭(zhēng)。指肉體和精神上的搏斗。暗指在艱難處境中奮力掙扎。
【broad , wide 】
She lost her heart to the soldier with the broad shoulder and the deep voice. 指某物覆蓋面的范圍，肩、背、胸。
His reading covers a wide range of subjects. 著重指邊沿間相隔的距離以及廣泛之意。
【cause , reason , excuse 】
I don’t know the cause and effect. 起因，原因，指引起某種結(jié)果的必然原因。常與of 搭配。強(qiáng)調(diào)事實(shí)。
There are many reasons for animals dying out. 理由，原因，用于解釋已發(fā)生事情的理由，借口。常與for連用。強(qiáng)調(diào)邏輯推理，理由不一定真實(shí)。
I haven’t done the work well; my excuse is that I have been ill. 指免受指責(zé)或推卸責(zé)任而找的理由、原因，即借口。常與for 連用。
【advantage , benefit , profit 】
It is to your advantage to invest wisely. 好處或利益，所獲之物。
Young people get great benefit from reading. 指各方面的受益。
Their investment has brought them a lot of profit. 多指金錢方面的利益、利潤(rùn)。
【bravery , courage 】
He showed great bravery in saving the drowing child. 勇敢，指處于某種緊迫情況下大膽無(wú)畏的行動(dòng)勇氣。
Although blinded by the explosing, he faced the future with courage. 勇氣，勇敢，指使人面對(duì)危險(xiǎn)、困難、痛苦等而不感到懼怕的精神力量。
【character , characteristic , quality , personality 】
He has a changeable character. 品質(zhì)，性格特色，特征，個(gè)人、集體或范疇的區(qū)別特征或?qū)傩浴?/p>
What characteristics distinguish the Americans from the Canadians? 指與眾不同的特征。
Modesty is one of his good qualites. 品質(zhì)，指?jìng)�(gè)體的特點(diǎn)，尤指好的品質(zhì)。
His personality left a deep impression on us. 個(gè)性，指?jìng)�(gè)人聚集的品質(zhì)、行為、脾氣、情緒和精神的性格。
【circumstance , surrounding , environment , occasion 】
In normal circumstances I would have resigned immediately. 環(huán)境，情形，形勢(shì)，多用復(fù)數(shù)。
He didn't pay much attention to his surroundings. surrounding 只能做形容。
surroundings 為周圍的事物，指一個(gè)人四周的生活環(huán)境。
Children need a happy home environment. 環(huán)境，一般用單數(shù)，強(qiáng)調(diào)環(huán)境對(duì)人的感受，道德的影響。
He seized the occasion to invited her home for dinner. 時(shí)機(jī)，機(jī)會(huì)。
【cost , price , charge , expense 】
Living costs are higher in cities than in the country. 耗費(fèi)，成本。
包括對(duì)某事所付出的一切費(fèi)用、時(shí)間、勞力。
It must be done at any price. 價(jià)格。指商品出售時(shí)所定的價(jià)格。還有代價(jià)。
How much is the charge for this coffee? 零花錢或給予服務(wù)后索要的費(fèi)用。
His parents decided to cut down his expenses at college.
多用復(fù)數(shù)，指大量的花費(fèi)、支出。如求學(xué)、旅游。
【energy , force , power , strength 】
Young people usually have more energy than the old.
指人在活動(dòng)中表現(xiàn)出的生機(jī)勃勃的“力”。
He had to use force to get the lid off the can.
指為克服阻力而運(yùn)用或發(fā)揮出來(lái)的“力量”。
You can really feel the power of the sun here.
含義最廣，包括一切抽象和具體的力。
He hasn’t got enough strength to get out of bed.
指人或物體內(nèi)在的耐力、抵抗力、氣力。
【heart , mind 】
He married the girl of his heart. 側(cè)重情感之心。
We expect there to be more students with good mind. 側(cè)重理智之心。
【especially , specially , particularly 】
The Great Wall had been added to, rebuilt and repaired, especially during the Ming Dynasty. 尤其
These books are specially written for beginners. 指為某一特別目的而做。
He was particularly / especially interested in the stories about kings. 意義相仿，常可通用。
Rice grows well in their county, especially in their village.
2).動(dòng)作結(jié)果不同：
advise persuade / look for find / look see / listen hear / try
manage / treat cure
3).動(dòng)作狀態(tài)不同：
begin be on catch fire be on fire
4).主觀客觀不同：
receive accept
5).直接間接不同：
hear hear of know know of learn learn of
6).有無(wú)—ly的副詞不同：
①無(wú)—ly的副詞表具體意義， 有—ly的副詞表抽象意義。
wide widely deep deeply high highly low lowly close closely
②有無(wú)—ly的副詞，意思不同：
Near nearly hard hardly most mostly dear dearly late lately bad badly
【buy , cost , pay , spend , take 】
buy:指購(gòu)買。常見搭配：buy sb. sth.; buy sth. for sb. / sth.
cost:指花錢、時(shí)間、勞力等。Sth. cost sb sth.
pay: 指花錢.常見搭配：Sb. pay money for sth.
spend: 指花錢、時(shí)間等。常見搭配：Sb. spend …in doing sth. / on sth.
take: 主要指花時(shí)間。常見結(jié)構(gòu)：It takes / took sb. some time to do sth.
【offer , supply , provide 】
Josie offered him 500 dollars to do the work.
Our farm supplies the market with fruits and vegetables.
The school provided books for the children.
【be known as , be known for , be known to , be known in 】
be known as +名詞表示一個(gè)人的身份、職業(yè)等。 “作為......而著名”
be known for +名詞表示某人或某物的特點(diǎn)、特長(zhǎng)。 “因......而著名”
be known to + 表示人的詞語(yǔ)。 “為......所了解、知道”
be known in + 表地點(diǎn)的詞語(yǔ)。
高考英語(yǔ)核心詞匯2
hamburger n.漢堡包
Handbag n.女用包，手提包
handful n. 一把
handle n.柄，把手
Handtruck n.手推運(yùn)貨車
handwriting n.書法
handy a.便利的，順手的
Harbour n.港口
hardship n.困難
harm n./ v.傷害
Harmful a.有害的
harmless a.無(wú)害的
hatch v. 鳥、雞孵蛋
Hawk n.鷹
hay n.作飼料用的干草
headline n. 報(bào)刊的大定標(biāo)題
Headmistress n.女校長(zhǎng)
headteacher n.中小學(xué)班主任
healthy a.健康的，健壯的
Heap n.堆
hearing n.聽力
heavily ad.重地，大量地
Heel n.腳后跟
helicopter n.直升飛機(jī)
helmet n.頭盔
Helpful a.有幫助，有益的
hen n.母雞
herb n.草藥
Heroine n.女英雄，女主角
hey int.嘿!
hibernate vi.冬眠
Hibernation n.冬眠
hillside n. 小山山腰，山坡
hilly a.丘陵的
Hive n.蜂房
hobby n.業(yè)余愛好，嗜好
holy a.神圣的
Homeland n.祖國(guó)
hometown n.故鄉(xiāng)
honey n.蜂蜜
Hong Kong n.香港
hook n./ v.鉤子
hooray int.好哇! 歡呼聲
Horrible a.令人恐懼的
host n.主人
hostess n.女主人
Hot dog n.熱狗
howl vi.嚎叫，嚎哭
humorous a.富于幽默的.
humour n.幽默，幽默
hunt vt.尋找
hunter n.獵人
Hurricane n.颶風(fēng)，十二級(jí)風(fēng)
hydrogen n.氫
ice-cream n.冰淇淋
Iceland n.冰島
idiom n.習(xí)語(yǔ)，成語(yǔ)
immediately ad.立即
Immigration n.移民
import v./n.進(jìn)口，輸入
impress vt.留下極深的印象
Impression n.印象，感覺(jué)
incident n.事件
incorrect a.不正確的，錯(cuò)誤的
Independence n.獨(dú)立
independent a.獨(dú)立的
influence n./v.影響
Inform vt.告訴
information desk n.問(wèn)訊處
initial a.開始的，最初的
Injure vt.損害，傷害
injury n.受傷處
高考英語(yǔ)核心詞匯3
1. in fashion(=stylish，most modern)時(shí)興，流行
2. after the fashion (of)依照…
3. find fault with(=complain about; criticize)找毛病，對(duì)…吹毛求疵
4. at fault (=in the wrong，blamable)有錯(cuò)
5. in favour of贊成
6. be in favour with受寵，受偏愛;
out of favour with失寵，不受寵
7. in one's favour(=to one's advantage)對(duì)。有利
8. (be) favourable to(=advantageous)有利的
9. fear for (=be afraid for the safety of sb. or sth.)為…擔(dān)心
10. for fear of (=in case of; because of anxiety about)以防，由于怕
11. in fear of (=afraid for the safety of)擔(dān)心
12. feed (sb.) on sth.靠吃…，用…喂養(yǎng)
13. be fed up with(=be unhappy，tired about sth. dull)厭煩，膩了
14. feel like (=have a desire for)想要
9. mention sth. to sb.向某人提起某事
15. at the mercy of (=in the power of)任…擺布，在…支配下
16. be in a mess亂七八糟，處境困難make a mess of弄亂，打亂
17. bear(or keep)…in mind(=remember)牢記
18. bring(or call)to mind(=remember)使回想起
19. by mistake(由于粗心，健忘原因而)錯(cuò)誤地
20. at the moment (=now)此刻，現(xiàn)在for the moment (=for the time being)暫時(shí)just a moment稍等片刻at the last moment在最后一刻
21. in the mood for有情緒去做……，有心境做。
22. no more…than和…一樣都不…
23. for the most part多半，大多數(shù)，一般來(lái)說(shuō)
24. at (the) most最多，至多
25. make the most of充分利用
高考英語(yǔ)核心詞匯4
1、abide by(=be faithful to;obey)忠于;遵守。
2、be absent from…缺席，不在
3、absence or mind(=being absent-minded)心不在焉
4、absorb(=take up the attention of)吸引…的注意力(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài))be absorbed in全神貫注于…近be engrossed in ;be lost in ;be rapt in ;be concentrated on ;be focused on ;be centered on
5、(be) abundant in(be rich in ;be well supplied with)富于，富有
6、access(to) (不可數(shù)名詞)能接近，進(jìn)入，了解
7、by accident(=by chance，accidentally)偶然地，意外。 Without accident(=safely)安全地
8、of one‘s own accord(=without being asked;willingly;freely)自愿地，主動(dòng)地
9、in accord with與…一致. out of one‘s accord with同…不一致
10、with one accord (=with everybody agreeing)一致地
11、in accordance with (=in agreement with)依照，根據(jù)
12、be acquainted with(=to have knowledge of)了解;(=to have met socially )熟悉
13、take…into account(=consider)把……考慮進(jìn)去
14、give sb. an acof說(shuō)明，解釋(理由)
15、acfor (=give an explanation or reason for)解釋，說(shuō)明。
16、on acof (=because of)由于，因?yàn)椤?/p>
17、on no account(=in no case，for no reason)絕不要，無(wú)論如何不要(放句首時(shí)句子要倒裝)
18、accuse…of…(=charge…with;blame sb. for sth. ;blame sth. on sb. ;complain about)指控，控告
19、be accustomed to (=be in the habit of，be used to)習(xí)慣于。
高考英語(yǔ)核心詞匯5
earthquake 地震寫
shake 震動(dòng);搖晃
tremor顫動(dòng);震動(dòng)
temblor [美語(yǔ)] 地震
hit 襲擊、打擊，使遭受
strike 突然發(fā)生;打擊
jolt 使顛簸，搖晃
rock 搖，搖動(dòng)，使振動(dòng)
roll across 波動(dòng)，起伏，橫搖
rip through 裂開，破開;突進(jìn)，橫撞直闖
damage 損害;損傷
destroy 毀壞，破壞;摧殘
shatter 破壞;搗毀;破滅
devastate 蹂躪，破壞;使荒廢;毀滅
level 推倒，夷平
flatten 夷為平地
seismological 地震學(xué)上的
seismology 地震學(xué)
seismograph 地震儀
seismographer 地震學(xué)家
aftershock 余震
高考英語(yǔ)核心詞匯6
1 . look about [around ]
環(huán)顧四周。如：
The man kept looking about. 這個(gè)人不停地環(huán)顧四周。
隨便看，到處看。如：
A：What can I do for you, madam? 夫人，想買什么嗎?
B：No, I’m just looking around. 不是，只是隨便看看。
到處尋找。如：
I’m looking about for a house. 我在找一座房子。
仔細(xì)考慮。如：
Look about carefully before making the decision. 先仔細(xì)考慮，然后再作決定。
2 . look after 照顧，照料，關(guān)心。如：
I can look after myself. 我能照顧自己。
Who is looking after the luggage? 誰(shuí)在照看行李?
3 . look at
看……，注視……。如：
He looked at me and smiled. 他望著我笑了。
Look at him jump [jumping]. 請(qǐng)看他跳。
看待。如：
That’s the way I look at it. 我就是那樣看待它的。
考慮。如：
They refused to look at my suggestion. 他們拒不考慮我的.建議。
檢查。如：
He came to look at the drainage. 他是來(lái)檢查排水設(shè)備的。
4 . look back
回顧，回想。如：
I still shudder when I look back on the past. 想起過(guò)去，我仍然不寒而栗。
停滯，畏縮，倒退。如：
From this time on, he never looked back. 從此以后，他便不斷進(jìn)步。
5 . look down on [upon ] 看不起，瞧不起。如：
You shouldn’t look down upon the poor. 你不應(yīng)該瞧不起窮人。
She likes tennis, but looks down on football. 她喜歡網(wǎng)球，但輕視足球。
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