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公共英語一級(jí)的閱讀文章
不少考生已經(jīng)在進(jìn)行公共英語下半年的復(fù)習(xí)了，下面，小編，為大家整理了一些公共英語一級(jí)的閱讀文章，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。
公共英語一級(jí)的閱讀文章一
The Language of Music
A painter hangs his or her finished picture on a wall, and everyone can see it. A composer writes a work, but no one can hear it until it is performed. Professional singers and players have great responsibilities, for the composer is utterly dependent on them. A student of music needs as long and as arduous a training to become a performer as a medical student needs to become a doctor. Most training is concerned with technique, for musicians have to have the muscular proficiency of an athlete or a ballet dancer. Singers practice breathing every day, as their vocal chords would be inadequate without controlled muscular support. String players practice moving the fingers of the left hand up and down, while drawing the bow to and fro with the right arm —— two entirely different movements.
Singers and instrumentalists have to be able to get every note perfectly in tune. Pianists are spared this particular anxiety, for the notes are already there, waiting for them, and it is the piano tuner's responsibility to tune the instrument for them. But they have their own difficulties: the hammers that hit the strings have to be coaxed not to sound like percussion, and each overlapping tone has to sound clear.
This problem of getting clear texture is one that confronts student conductors: they have to learn to know every note of the music and how it should sound, and they have to aim at controlling these sounds with fanatical but selfless authority.
Technique is of no use unless it is combined with musical knowledge and understanding. Great artists are those who are so thoroughly at home in the language of music that they can enjoy performing works written in any century.
音樂的語言
畫家將已完成的作品掛在墻上，每個(gè)人都可以觀賞到。作曲家寫完了一部作品，得由 演奏者將其演奏出來，其他人才能得以欣賞。因?yàn)樽髑沂侨绱送耆匾蕾囉诼殬I(yè)歌手和職 業(yè)演奏者，所以職業(yè)歌手和職業(yè)演奏者肩上的擔(dān)子可謂不輕。一名學(xué)音樂的學(xué)生要想成為一名演奏者，需要經(jīng)受長期的、嚴(yán)格的訓(xùn)練，就象一名醫(yī)科的學(xué)生要成為一名醫(yī)生一樣。絕大多數(shù)的訓(xùn)練是技巧性的。音樂家們控制肌肉的熟練程度，必須達(dá)到與運(yùn)動(dòng)員或巴蕾舞演員相當(dāng)?shù)乃�。歌手們每天都練�?xí)吊嗓子，因?yàn)槿绻荒苡行У乜刂萍∪獾脑�，他們的聲帶將不能滿足演唱的要求。弦樂器的演奏者練習(xí)的則是在左手的手指上下滑動(dòng)的同時(shí)，用右手前后拉動(dòng)琴弓——兩個(gè)截然不同的動(dòng)作。
歌手和樂器演奏者必須使所有的音符完全相同協(xié)調(diào)。鋼琴家們則不用操這份心，因?yàn)槊總�(gè)音符都已在那里等待著他們了。給鋼琴調(diào)音是調(diào) 音師的`職責(zé)。但調(diào)音師們也有他們的難處：他們必須耐心地調(diào)理敲擊琴弦的音錘，不能讓音錘發(fā)出的聲音象是打擊樂器，而且每個(gè)交疊的音都必須要清晰。
如何得到樂章清晰的紋理是學(xué)生指揮們所面臨的難題：他們必須學(xué)會(huì)了解音樂中的每一個(gè)音及其發(fā)音之道。 他們還 必須致力于以熱忱而又客觀的權(quán)威去控制這些音符。除非是和音樂方面的知識(shí)和悟性結(jié)合起來，單純的技巧沒有任何用處。藝術(shù)家之所以偉大在于他們對(duì)音樂語言駕輕就熟，以致于可以滿懷喜悅地演出寫于任何時(shí)代的作品。
音樂方面的知識(shí)和悟性結(jié)合起來，單純的技巧沒有任何用處。藝術(shù)家之所以偉大在于他們對(duì)音樂語言駕輕就熟，以致于可以滿懷喜悅地演出寫于任何時(shí)代的作品。
公共英語一級(jí)的閱讀文章二
Schooling and Education
It is commonly believed in the United States that school is where people go to get an education. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school. The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is important. Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Education knows no bounds. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or in the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of informal learning. The agents of education can range from a revered grandparent to thepeople debating politics on the radio, from a child to a distinguished scientist.
Whereas schooling has a certain predictability, education quite often produces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions. People are engaged in education from infancy on. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be an integral part of one's entire life.
Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at approximately the same time, take assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the workings of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subject being taught. For example, high school students know that they are not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.
上學(xué)與受教育
在美國，人們通常認(rèn)為上學(xué)是為了受教育。而現(xiàn)在卻有人認(rèn)為孩子們上學(xué)打斷了他們受教育的過程。這種觀念中的上學(xué)與受教育之間的區(qū)別非常重要。與上學(xué)相比，教育更具開放性，內(nèi)容更廣泛。教育不受任何限制。它可以在任何場合下進(jìn)行，在淋浴時(shí)，在工作時(shí)，在廚房里或拖拉機(jī)上。它既包括在學(xué)校所受的正規(guī)教育，也包括一切非正規(guī)教育。傳授知識(shí)的人可以是德高望重的老者，可以是收音機(jī)里進(jìn)行政治辯論的人們，可以是小孩子，也可以是知名的科學(xué)家。上學(xué)讀書多少有點(diǎn)可預(yù)見性，而教育往往能帶來意外的發(fā)現(xiàn)。與陌生人的一次隨意談話可能會(huì)使人認(rèn)識(shí)到自己對(duì)其它宗教其實(shí)所知甚少。人們從幼時(shí)起就開始受教育。因此，教育是一個(gè)內(nèi)涵很豐富的詞，它自始至終伴隨人的一生，早在人們上學(xué)之前就開始了。教育應(yīng)成為人生命中不可缺少的一部分。然而，上學(xué)卻是一個(gè)特定的`形式化了的過程。在不同場合下，它的基本形式大同小異。在全國各地，孩子們幾乎在同一時(shí)刻到達(dá)學(xué)校，坐在指定的座位上，由一位成年人傳授知識(shí)，使用大致相同的教材，做作業(yè)，考試等等。他們所學(xué)的現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的一些片斷，如字母表或政府的運(yùn)作，往往受到科目范圍的限制。例如，高中生們知道，在課堂上他們沒法弄清楚他們社區(qū)里政治問題的真情，也不會(huì)了解到最新潮的電影制片人在做哪些嘗試。學(xué)校教育這一形式化的過程是有特定的限制的。社區(qū)里政治問題的真情，也不會(huì)了解到最新潮的電影制片人在做哪些嘗試。 學(xué)校教育這一形式化的過程是有特定的 限制的。
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