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有哪些必備的經(jīng)濟(jì)類雅思詞匯
人類的生活離不開“經(jīng)濟(jì)”二字,經(jīng)濟(jì)是社會普遍關(guān)注的。下面,為大家送上一些經(jīng)濟(jì)類雅思詞匯,祝大家考試順利。
一、宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)
1. gross domestic product (GDP):國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值
例句:The countrys GDP has been steadily growing in recent years.(這個(gè)國家的國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值近年來一直在穩(wěn)步增長。)
2. inflation:通貨膨脹
例句:High inflation can have a negative impact on peoples living standards.(高通貨膨脹會對人們的生活水平產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響。)
3. deflation:通貨緊縮
例句:Deflation can lead to a decrease in economic activity.(通貨緊縮可能導(dǎo)致經(jīng)濟(jì)活動減少。)
4. recession:經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退
例句:The country is currently in a recession, with high unemployment rates.(這個(gè)國家目前處于經(jīng)濟(jì)衰退中,失業(yè)率很高。)
5. depression:經(jīng)濟(jì)大蕭條
例句:The Great Depression of the 1930s had a profound impact on the world economy.(20 世紀(jì) 30 年代的大蕭條對世界經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)影響。)
6. economic growth:經(jīng)濟(jì)增長
例句:Sustainable economic growth is essential for the development of a country.(可持續(xù)的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長對一個(gè)國家的發(fā)展至關(guān)重要。)
7. economic stability:經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定
例句:Maintaining economic stability is one of the governments top priorities.(保持經(jīng)濟(jì)穩(wěn)定是政府的首要任務(wù)之一。)
8. fiscal policy:財(cái)政政策
例句:The government uses fiscal policy to stimulate economic growth.(政府利用財(cái)政政策刺激經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。)
9. monetary policy:貨幣政策
例句:The central bank adjusts monetary policy to control inflation.(中央銀行調(diào)整貨幣政策以控制通貨膨脹。)
10. balance of payments:國際收支平衡
例句:A countrys balance of payments is an important indicator of its economic health.(一個(gè)國家的國際收支平衡是其經(jīng)濟(jì)健康狀況的重要指標(biāo)。)
二、微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)
1. supply and demand:供求關(guān)系
例句:The price of a commodity is determined by supply and demand.(商品的價(jià)格由供求關(guān)系決定。)
2. market:市場
例句:The market for luxury goods is growing rapidly.(奢侈品市場正在迅速增長。)
3. competition:競爭
例句:Intense competition in the market forces companies to innovate.(市場上的激烈競爭迫使公司進(jìn)行創(chuàng)新。)
4. consumer:消費(fèi)者
例句:Consumers are becoming more conscious of environmental issues.(消費(fèi)者越來越關(guān)注環(huán)境問題。)
5. producer:生產(chǎn)者
例句:Producers need to adapt to changing market conditions.(生產(chǎn)者需要適應(yīng)不斷變化的市場條件。)
6. cost:成本
例句:High production costs can reduce a companys profit margins.(高生產(chǎn)成本會降低公司的利潤率。)
7. price:價(jià)格
例句:The price of oil has fluctuated significantly in recent months.(石油價(jià)格在最近幾個(gè)月里大幅波動。)
8. profit:利潤
例句:The company made a large profit this year.(這家公司今年獲得了豐厚的利潤。)
9. loss:損失
例句:The company suffered a significant loss due to poor management.(由于管理不善,這家公司遭受了重大損失。)
10. demand curve:需求曲線
例句:The demand curve shows the relationship between price and quantity demanded.(需求曲線顯示了價(jià)格和需求量之間的關(guān)系。)
三、金融領(lǐng)域
1. bank:銀行
例句:I need to go to the bank to withdraw some money.(我需要去銀行取一些錢。)
2. interest rate:利率
例句:The central bank lowered interest rates to stimulate economic growth.(中央銀行降低利率以刺激經(jīng)濟(jì)增長。)
3. loan:貸款
例句:I took out a loan to buy a new car.(我貸款買了一輛新車。)
4. credit:信用
例句:Good credit is important for getting a loan.(良好的信用對于獲得貸款很重要。)
5. debt:債務(wù)
例句:The country is facing a large amount of debt.(這個(gè)國家面臨著巨額債務(wù)。)
6. stock market:股票市場
例句:The stock market has been volatile recently.(股票市場最近波動很大。)
7. share:股票
例句:I own some shares in a company.(我擁有一家公司的一些股票。)
8. bond:債券
例句:The government issues bonds to raise funds.(政府發(fā)行債券籌集資金。)
9. mutual fund:共同基金
例句:Investing in mutual funds can be a good way to diversify your portfolio.(投資共同基金是分散投資組合的好方法。)
10. insurance:保險(xiǎn)
例句:I have health insurance to cover my medical expenses.(我有健康保險(xiǎn)來支付我的醫(yī)療費(fèi)用。)
四、國際貿(mào)易
1. import:進(jìn)口
例句:The country imports a large amount of oil.(這個(gè)國家進(jìn)口大量的石油。)
2. export:出口
例句:The countrys main exports are agricultural products.(這個(gè)國家的主要出口產(chǎn)品是農(nóng)產(chǎn)品。)
3. trade:貿(mào)易
例句:International trade plays an important role in the global economy.(國際貿(mào)易在全球經(jīng)濟(jì)中發(fā)揮著重要作用。)
4. tariff:關(guān)稅
例句:The government imposed tariffs on imported goods to protect domestic industries.(政府對進(jìn)口商品征收關(guān)稅以保護(hù)國內(nèi)產(chǎn)業(yè)。)
5. quota:配額
例句:The country has set quotas on imports of certain goods.(這個(gè)國家對某些商品的進(jìn)口設(shè)定了配額。)
6. free trade:自由貿(mào)易
例句:Free trade agreements can promote economic growth and cooperation.(自由貿(mào)易協(xié)定可以促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長和合作。)
7. exchange rate:匯率
例句:The exchange rate between the two currencies has fluctuated recently.(兩種貨幣之間的匯率最近波動很大。)
8. balance of trade:貿(mào)易差額
例句:The country has a trade deficit, importing more than it exports.(這個(gè)國家有貿(mào)易逆差,進(jìn)口多于出口。)
9. globalization:全球化
例句:Globalization has brought many benefits, but also some challenges.(全球化帶來了許多好處,但也帶來了一些挑戰(zhàn)。)
10. multinational corporation:跨國公司
例句:Multinational corporations play a significant role in international trade.(跨國公司在國際貿(mào)易中發(fā)揮著重要作用。)
五、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與可持續(xù)性
1. sustainable development:可持續(xù)發(fā)展
例句:Sustainable development is crucial for the future of our planet.(可持續(xù)發(fā)展對我們星球的未來至關(guān)重要。)
2. renewable energy:可再生能源
例句:The use of renewable energy sources is increasing.(可再生能源的使用正在增加。)
3. environmental protection:環(huán)境保護(hù)
例句:We need to take measures to protect the environment and promote sustainable development.(我們需要采取措施保護(hù)環(huán)境,促進(jìn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。)
4. economic inequality:經(jīng)濟(jì)不平等
例句:Economic inequality is a major issue in many countries.(經(jīng)濟(jì)不平等是許多國家的一個(gè)主要問題。)
5. poverty reduction:減少貧困
例句:The government is committed to poverty reduction.(政府致力于減少貧困。)
6. human development:人類發(fā)展
例句:Investing in education and healthcare is essential for human development.(投資于教育和醫(yī)療保健對人類發(fā)展至關(guān)重要。)
7. social responsibility:社會責(zé)任
例句:Companies should take social responsibility and contribute to sustainable development.(公司應(yīng)該承擔(dān)社會責(zé)任,為可持續(xù)發(fā)展做出貢獻(xiàn)。)
8. green economy:綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)
例句:The development of a green economy is essential for a sustainable future.(綠色經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展對可持續(xù)的未來至關(guān)重要。)
9. circular economy:循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)
例句:A circular economy aims to reduce waste and promote resource efficiency.(循環(huán)經(jīng)濟(jì)旨在減少浪費(fèi),提高資源效率。)
10. sustainable consumption:可持續(xù)消費(fèi)
例句:Promoting sustainable consumption is important for environmental protection.(促進(jìn)可持續(xù)消費(fèi)對環(huán)境保護(hù)很重要。)
六、其他
1、depression
n.蕭條,不景氣
Depreciation is characterized by decreasing business activity, falling prices, and unemployment.
經(jīng)濟(jì)蕭條的特點(diǎn)是商業(yè)活動減少,物價(jià)降低和失業(yè)。
2、discount
n.折扣
3、welfare
n.福利;安寧;幸福;福利事業(yè)
4、efficiency
n. 效率,功效
The program was implementd with great efficiency and speed.
這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的實(shí)施快速有效。
5、unemployment
n.失業(yè);失業(yè)人數(shù)
6、entrepreneur
n.企業(yè)家;主辦人
7、factor
n.因素,要素
8、reserve
vt.儲備,保存,保留;預(yù)定,預(yù)約 n.儲備(物),儲藏量
The government raised the official reserve ratio for commercial banks.
政府提高了商業(yè)銀行的官方準(zhǔn)備金比率。
9、fiscal
adj.財(cái)政的;國庫的;會計(jì)的;國庫歲入的
Monetary policy and fiscal policy are tools for the government to curb the development of the economy.
貨幣政策和財(cái)政政策是政府控制經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的工具。
10、industrialization
n.工業(yè)化,產(chǎn)業(yè)化
11、deflation
n.通貨緊縮
12、index
n.指數(shù),指標(biāo)
13、securities
n.證券
14、insurance
n.保險(xiǎn);保險(xiǎn)單;保險(xiǎn)業(yè);保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)
15、futures
n.期貨
16、inventory
n.存貨 vt.盤存,盤點(diǎn)
17、financial
adj.財(cái)政的,金融的
Mr. Danial is our financial adviser.
丹尼爾先生是我們的財(cái)政顧問。
18、budget
n.預(yù)算 vi.做預(yù)算,編入預(yù)算
A new car will not be part of our budget this year.
今年的預(yù)算沒有買新車這項(xiàng)內(nèi)容。
19、equilibrium
n.平衡,均衡;平靜
20、hyperinflation
n.惡性通貨膨脹
21、aggregate
n.合計(jì),總計(jì);集合體
Aggregate sales in that market is expected to grow.
該市場的總銷售量預(yù)計(jì)將增長。
22、incentive
n.刺激;鼓勵
Taxation policy is sometimes used as incentives to attract investment.
稅收政策有時(shí)是吸引投資的獎勵措施。
23、profitability
n.收益性,利益率
24、allocation
n.分配;安置
25、rigidity
n.剛性;安置
26、share
n.分享,參與;一份,部分;份額,參股
27、stock
n.股本;股票,股份
28、Nasdaq
n.納斯達(dá)克
29、payment
n.付款,支付;報(bào)酬;償還
30、stagger
v.搖晃,蹣跚;交錯;搖搖擺擺
31、distortion
n.扭曲,變形;曲解;失真
32、function
n.功能,作用
33、tariff
n.關(guān)稅;關(guān)稅表
Tariff for major items has been decreasing since Chinas into the WTO.
自中國加入世貿(mào)組織后,主要成品的關(guān)稅持續(xù)下降。
34、quota
n.配額;限額
The quota system might contribute to corruption such as rent seeking.
配額體制可能導(dǎo)致尋租之類的腐朽。
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