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2016年托福備考：提高托�？谡Z(yǔ)8大技巧
學(xué)習(xí)都是有一定的技巧的，掌握一些復(fù)習(xí)備考的技巧，可以幫你在很短的時(shí)間內(nèi)，收獲最大的效益。
技巧1
Practice wherever you can and wheneveryou can. Any practice is good, whether you speak to someone who is a native Englishspeaker or not.
隨時(shí)隨地練習(xí)口語(yǔ)。
技巧2
It's important to build your confidence. If possible, use simple English sentence structure that you know is correct, so that you can concentrate on getting your message across.
以表達(dá)清晰為主，句型多樣化為次。
技巧3
Try to experiment with the English you know. Use words and phrases you know in new situations. Native English speakers are more likely to correct you if you use the wrong word than if you use the wrong grammar. Experimenting with vocabulary is a really good way of getting feedback.
大膽運(yùn)用所掌握的詞匯，不要過(guò)分拘泥于語(yǔ)法。
技巧4
Try to respond to what people say to you. You can often get clues to what people think by looking at their body language. Respond to them in a natural way.
透過(guò)身體語(yǔ)言理解對(duì)方意思并作出回應(yīng)。
技巧5
Try not to translate from or into your own language. This takes too muchtime and will make you more hesitant.
盡量避免翻譯。
技巧6
If you forget a word, do what native English speakers do all the time, and say things that "fill" the conversation. This is better than being completely silent. Try using um or er, if you forget the word.
遇到不知該如何表達(dá)的時(shí)候，用一些常用詞表示自己正在思考。
技巧7
Don't speak too fast. It's important to use a natural rhythm when speaking English. But if you speak too fast, it will be difficult for people to understand you.
語(yǔ)速不要過(guò)快。
技巧8
Try to relax when you speak. When you speak English at a normal speed, you will discover that most of the pronunciation skills, such as linking between words, will happen automatically.
說(shuō)話時(shí)盡量放松，讓發(fā)音流利順暢。
相關(guān)閱讀：托�？谡Z(yǔ)考試中常見(jiàn)的兩大誤區(qū)
普遍存在的兩大誤區(qū)：
第一大誤區(qū)是先Beat around the bush，再漸漸切入正題，最后才做出較為精準(zhǔn)的總結(jié)。這顯然與以漢語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)言交流習(xí)慣有關(guān)，這在平時(shí)的一般交流中或許不那么致命，甚至有些英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人平時(shí)講話也有這種習(xí)慣，但是新托�？荚嚨拇痤}時(shí)間只有一分鐘甚至是45秒,在這么少的答題時(shí)間里這樣做，就無(wú)異于浪費(fèi)寶貴的答題時(shí)間，將60秒或45秒的可用來(lái)得分的空間縮小到30秒甚至是20秒，使整個(gè)答案的質(zhì)量大打折扣。
第二大誤區(qū)是毫無(wú)計(jì)劃地想到哪，說(shuō)到哪，甚至中途改變主意，否定前面所說(shuō)內(nèi)容，做出一個(gè)自相矛盾的答案。對(duì)于ETS的命題者來(lái)說(shuō)，這兩種誤區(qū)都恰恰暴露了中國(guó)學(xué)生沒(méi)有受過(guò)系統(tǒng)的Presentation訓(xùn)練的弱點(diǎn)。要知道，在西方特別是北美，這是一項(xiàng)從中小學(xué)就開(kāi)始注重培養(yǎng)的跨學(xué)科的綜合技能。
怎樣避免誤區(qū)：
下面就結(jié)合新托�？谡Z(yǔ)的第一大題型——獨(dú)立問(wèn)答題作以解析：
Describe a class you have taken in school and explain why the class was important to you. Include details and examples to support your explanation.
Preparation time: 15 seconds
Response time: 45 seconds
閱讀題干應(yīng)該在5秒內(nèi)完成，這樣就能保證在答題之前有20秒的時(shí)間(包括narrator讀題時(shí)間)進(jìn)行brain-storming.有關(guān)在學(xué)校上過(guò)的一門課的重要性不外乎從以下幾個(gè)方面來(lái)敘述。
第一，這門課對(duì)于其它后續(xù)課的奠基作用
第二，所積累的知識(shí)對(duì)于今后實(shí)際運(yùn)用的指導(dǎo)作用;第三，對(duì)于個(gè)人綜合素質(zhì)及品位提高的作用。
為什么要分成這么多點(diǎn)論述呢?因?yàn)槿绻痪鸵粋�(gè)要點(diǎn)深入闡述，很容易走題或進(jìn)入一個(gè)英語(yǔ)無(wú)法表達(dá)的死角;同時(shí)分成若干點(diǎn)還便于控制時(shí)間。比如這道題目的45秒答題時(shí)間可以分配給每個(gè)分點(diǎn)10秒，這樣就不會(huì)過(guò)早或過(guò)晚地完成整個(gè)答題的語(yǔ)言結(jié)構(gòu)。
至于選什么課來(lái)說(shuō)則遵循什么容易就講什么的原則，這是因?yàn)樾峦懈？谡Z(yǔ)考試和ETS其它考試一樣是不需要任何專業(yè)背景知識(shí)的。因此，考生大可以談一些中學(xué)里學(xué)過(guò)的主課，如數(shù)學(xué)、語(yǔ)文和外語(yǔ)，而避免談大學(xué)里的專業(yè)課，如生物、化學(xué)及各類工程類課程等。
在開(kāi)始答題的時(shí)候，應(yīng)首先說(shuō)出一句Topic Sentence，點(diǎn)出這門課的名稱。如果準(zhǔn)備不是很充分，為了避免出現(xiàn)答題空白，可以附帶交代這門課的背景信息，如何時(shí)選修的、哪位教授任課，但一定要控制在10秒以內(nèi)。這種技能叫Skill of Buying Time。隨后，三條理由依次列出，切不可忘記Important才是論述的核心，千萬(wàn)不能無(wú)意中轉(zhuǎn)而強(qiáng)調(diào)這門課Difficult或Interesting。
附：本題參考答案
In my previous studies at college, there are quite a few importance courses and one of the most important one of them, if I had to choose one, would be Calculus. Well, as I am an engineering major, in my curriculum there are many courses requiring complicated calculation, equation deduction and math model building. All these need knowledge in calculus as a foundation. Besides, mastery of some quantitative analysis methods will greatly benefit my ability to make a sensible judgment in a complex situation in workplace, no matter what job I"ll take up in the future. Finally, without a good sense of advanced mathematics, I will not be able to appreciate the beauty of symmetry in many artistic forms.
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