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托福綜合寫(xiě)作的高分攻略
新托福由四部分組成，分別是閱讀(Reading)、聽(tīng)力(Listening)、口試(Speaking)、寫(xiě)作(Writing)。每部分滿分30分，整個(gè)試題滿分120分。以下是yjbys網(wǎng)小編整理的關(guān)于托福綜合寫(xiě)作的高分攻略，供大家備考。
首先，大家要了解考試的要求。托�？荚嚨膶�(xiě)作部分分為綜合(Integrated writing)和獨(dú)立(Independentwriting)兩塊，這兩塊分別獨(dú)立評(píng)分，取平均值后得到最終的分?jǐn)?shù)。也就是說(shuō)，這兩個(gè)部分各占一半權(quán)重，因此應(yīng)給予相同程度的重視。有些同學(xué)在準(zhǔn)備輸出端考試(寫(xiě)作或者口語(yǔ))的時(shí)候，居然連評(píng)分細(xì)則都不看，僅憑自己的主觀臆測(cè)和對(duì)于老師講解的依稀記憶去打造自己的文章，考不好真的不奇怪。下面，我們就來(lái)分析一下托�？荚嚨脑u(píng)分細(xì)則。
托福綜合寫(xiě)作的滿分要求是：
A response at this level successfully selects the important informationfrom the lecture and coherently and accurately presents this information inrelation to the relevant information presented in the reading. The response iswell organized and occasional language errors that are present do not result ininaccurate or imprecise presentation of content or connections.
大家會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，這里面的關(guān)鍵詞是information和organization，也就是信息量和邏輯，至于語(yǔ)言，并沒(méi)有提出太多的要求，用詞和造句"秋褲"一些沒(méi)有關(guān)系。因此，只要聽(tīng)力和閱讀的筆記記得較全，并且能夠把聽(tīng)力中的觀點(diǎn)和細(xì)節(jié)表達(dá)清楚就可以。需要注意的是，這部分對(duì)詞數(shù)和時(shí)間都是有要求的，官方的規(guī)定是150-225詞，我的建議是180-260詞，時(shí)限是20分鐘。關(guān)于summary的結(jié)構(gòu)，一定是四段--introduction+3對(duì)detail，不需要conclusion�？傮w來(lái)說(shuō)，這部分得高分的一定是把聽(tīng)力寫(xiě)得很清楚的同學(xué)，事實(shí)上聽(tīng)力才是考察的重點(diǎn)，閱讀是用來(lái)幫助對(duì)聽(tīng)力進(jìn)行理解的，同學(xué)們?cè)趯?xiě)聽(tīng)力內(nèi)容的時(shí)候切不可有"這個(gè)也要寫(xiě)啊，沒(méi)必要吧"的想法。另外，閱讀的內(nèi)容在寫(xiě)summary的時(shí)候決不可照抄。
了解了綜合寫(xiě)作的評(píng)分細(xì)則，我們可以列出同學(xué)們需要鍛煉的能力列表：
1、閱讀能力
2、聽(tīng)力和速記能力
3、一定的改寫(xiě)能力
下面我們來(lái)看看應(yīng)該如何復(fù)習(xí)綜合寫(xiě)作。首先，大家要對(duì)自己的閱讀和聽(tīng)力能力有一個(gè)認(rèn)識(shí)。對(duì)自己的能力有大概認(rèn)識(shí)之后，同學(xué)們一定要注意復(fù)習(xí)方法。很多同學(xué)認(rèn)為自己閱讀差就是因?yàn)椴徽J(rèn)識(shí)單詞，所以拼命背單詞;有些同學(xué)覺(jué)得自己聽(tīng)力差，就花大量時(shí)間練習(xí)聽(tīng)寫(xiě)。這些方法本身都對(duì)能力提高很有好處，但是大家一定要記住，實(shí)戰(zhàn)才是鍛煉能力的最好方式，所以還是希望大家多做全套的綜合寫(xiě)作習(xí)題。這里推薦一個(gè)復(fù)習(xí)的方法，分成4個(gè)步驟：1、首先"裸做"題目，即三分鐘閱讀，聽(tīng)一遍lecture，然后20分鐘寫(xiě)summary。寫(xiě)得不好沒(méi)關(guān)系，接下來(lái)需要找出閱讀和聽(tīng)力中的硬傷，所謂硬傷就是不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞、不理解的詞組、沒(méi)看懂的句型和也認(rèn)識(shí)也理解也能看懂但是聽(tīng)不出來(lái)的單詞、詞組和句型，統(tǒng)統(tǒng)摘抄到筆記本上;2、將閱讀材料中的"硬傷"仔細(xì)記憶，再細(xì)細(xì)地讀passage，完全讀懂為止，如果沒(méi)有讀懂可以參看書(shū)后的翻譯，接著練習(xí)記筆記，這里主要是練習(xí)筆頭速度和縮寫(xiě)表達(dá)能力，盡量積累出定型的縮寫(xiě)表達(dá)以在考場(chǎng)上爭(zhēng)取時(shí)間;3、將聽(tīng)力中的"硬傷"仔細(xì)記憶，再精聽(tīng)lecture，如果聽(tīng)不清可參看聽(tīng)力原文，然后練習(xí)記筆記，可多遍練習(xí)，放一遍記一遍，盡量詳細(xì)而不復(fù)雜(信息量要大但是單詞不要全拼符號(hào)不要復(fù)雜);4、再次仿真練習(xí)，讀passage，聽(tīng)lecture，再寫(xiě)summary，然后對(duì)書(shū)后面的sampleanswer，一定做到不要遺漏聽(tīng)力中的信息。
拓展閱讀：
托福寫(xiě)作范文：明星商人變領(lǐng)導(dǎo)
托福寫(xiě)作題目：
Do you agree or disagree: Athletes or celebrities that are from the entertainment business can change their careers to be politicians.
托福寫(xiě)作范文：
Each person has his or her unique characteristics that are suitable to certain particular fields. If people can work in the field their interest and talents lie in, they can certainly contribute more to the society as well as the world. As Dmitri Mendeleev, the founder of periodical table, once put, “Enthusiasm is key to all success.” Thus, whoever the person is, an athlete, or a celebrity from the entertainment business, as long as they desire to divert their field, they can surely succeed with the profession change.
Firstly, athletes and entertainment celebrities know more about people than the average. For politics, it is all about people and the needs of them viewed in a whole picture. Athletes and entertainment celebrities have had more chances of meeting people from all walks of life in the profession. In order to reach fame, those famous people needed to know more people and meet more people for opportunities when they were young. If they change to become a politician, they will know better about what people need who are from various kinds of background. A case in point, for businesspeople, they care more about if their business can be taken care of with the foresight for sustainable management down the road. However, for the average 5 to 9 workers, they pay more attention if the government can bring stability to their life, rather than venturing policies that might make a big difference. Since athletes and entertainment celebrities have known people from a wide range, they can take all reasons and perspectives into consideration and make out the policy that is made compromised to different needs of people. With the understanding of different groups of people, they can alter their profession into politics with success.
Secondly, athletes and entertainment celebrities can better tackle with pressure. Learning how to work hard in the completive world, they can endure more pressure than the average and still make great decisions under such condition. For athletes and entertainment celebrities, they need to work so hard to compete with other players or with other new stars in the trade. When they become politicians, they also need to endure tremendous stress and need to still work with it with a sane mind. Those public figures have had such training, so when they change to be a politician, they can better cope with the problems from the public. For example, politicians are often questioned by the public in their private life, they need to deal with opinions opposing to theirs with grace, not with anger or hatred. “A friend gained is better than an enemy added.” In addition, everyone has the liberty to change their occupation. We are living in a free world where people are protected by law to do whatever they desire, granting they are not violating the law. For sure changing occupation fields is not illegal. If they can win the heart of the voters, it means that they have pondered over what responsibility they are about to assume. It is not about the charming appearance or excellent performance in the court, but the ability to take the pressure and serve the public.
Admittedly, some people may maintain the viewpoint that it is not a wise decision for those athletes or entertainment celebrities to change to become politicians. For example, in the entertainment world, their jobs are to entertain people from different backgrounds. Yet for a politician, he or she cannot satisfy all the people because a great politician needs to have vision for the future and the public sometimes only see their benefits as the most important; however “such importance” is not advantageous to a long term development, such as road construction, building up schools or having to pay more tax on the transportation.However, once an athletes or a star from the show business can successfully change to the political world, it means they are ready and voters are approving. They might not know the secret of being successful, yet they do know the secret of being failing, that is-trying to please everybody—. Hence, when those public figures long to change their profession, they can do that successfully owing to the fact that they have met and known more people in their life and that they can deal with pressure better.
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