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職稱考試

雅思考試寫作突破高分的語法結構

時間:2024-10-18 13:34:42 職稱考試 我要投稿
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2014年雅思考試寫作突破高分的語法結構

  高分語法結構:

2014年雅思考試寫作突破高分的語法結構

  1. 狀語前置

  狀語前置就是把一個修飾動詞的狀語結構,如介詞短語,分詞形式或動詞不定式引導的短語放到句首。雅思寫作中狀語前置是很拿分的句式,不過很多考生都沒意識到這一點。

  請看下面從劍橋提供的范文中節(jié)選的句子:

  1) Like self-awareness, this is also very difficult to achieve, but I think these are the two factors that may be the most important for achieving happiness。

  2) Throughout the century, the largest quantity of water was used for agricultural purposes。

  3)With a population of 176 million, the figures for Brazil indicate how high agricultural water consumption can be in some countries。

  使用狀語前置的最大優(yōu)點是讓單調(diào)的句子有了跳躍的節(jié)奏感?脊僖惶炜瓷习購埧季,看到這樣的句子也會心情愉悅。

  注意:插入語

  此種語法結構是可以理解為是狀語前置的另一種變體,它將狀語結構提到了主句的主語和謂語之間。插入語也是相對地道的英語表達方法。請看以下幾例:

  1)Universities, when it is ning well, should offer both theoretical knowledge as well as professional training。

  2)So overall, I believe that, attending school from a young age is good for most children。

  插入語的功能和狀語前置基本相似,都能使句子更有跳躍感和地道。

  2. 倒裝句

  即把謂語提前到主語之前,用在作文中比較新穎。

  我們先來看以下幾個例子:

  1). The parents should spend time on their children, they should also communicate with them。

  2). We can never lose sight of the significance of education。

  以上兩句話都沒有任何錯誤,但是讀來非常平淡,沒有任何特色,如果我們用倒裝句,出來的效果就完全不一樣了。

  1). Not only should parents spend time on their children, they are also advised to interact with them。

  2). On no account / by no means / in no way can we lose sight of the significance of education。

  3. 強調(diào)句

  It is … that … / It is … who …正是…導致了

  以下是考官寫的一句話:

  1. It is the interaction of the two that shapes a person’s personality and dictates how that personality develops。

  強調(diào)句是考生比較難把握的一種句型,容易和it引導的形式主語相混淆,但其實我們只要找到強調(diào)句的一個特點,即去掉It is … that … / It is … who …仍然是一個完整的句子。

  通過以上三種句式結構的介紹,考生就能輕松給簡單句穿上外衣進行包裝了,這樣表達同樣的意思用不同的句式結構,出來的效果完全不一樣。下面我們來看一句話分別用不同的三種表達方法,明顯改變了效果。

  中文:二十世紀末科技的繁榮,人們開始廣泛使用電腦。

  1). witness 句型

  The late 20th century witnessed the prosperity in science and technology, thereby giving rise to the wide application of computers。

  2). With結構狀語前置

  With the prosperity in science and technology in the late 20th century, the computers were widely applied。

  3). 倒裝句

  So flourishing was the science and technology in the late 20th century that computers were widely applied in various fronts。

  4). 強調(diào)句型

  It was the prosperity in science and technology in the late 20th century that gave rise to the wide application of computers。

  三個句型分別應用在以上三句話中,相同意思用不同的句型來表達,使文章句型更加豐富。

  雅思寫作的語法細節(jié)

  雅思考試中寫作作為文字“輸出”最多的一個部分,不僅考察了同學們的英語寫作能力,而且很多細節(jié)語法只是的掌握程度也很能在雅思寫作中體現(xiàn)出來,而從以往的雅思寫作考試來看,扣分的點往往不是那些有難度的語法,而是一些最基礎的語法知識。

  一、such as與for example的混用

  我們知道,在表示舉例子的時候,such as與like是完全等同的,如:Wild flowers such as/like orchids and primroses are becoming rare。

  但是同學們對于Such as、for example 的把握還是不夠準確。我們都知道,后者接句子前者接詞語表示舉例子。于是就有了下面的寫法:

  There is a similar word in many languages, such as in French and Italian。

  這里的such as改為for example為好,因為“in French and Italian”其實是“there is a similar word in French and Italian”的簡化,所以要用for example來引出例證。再來看幾個類似的例子:

  It is possible to combine computer science with other subjects, for example physics。

  二、assume 及claim 使用不夠準確

  我們知道, think,assume,claim是議論文中常用引出觀點的動詞。在實際作文中,同學們往往認為幾個詞的意思是一樣的,完全可以代換,所以拿過來就用。甚至還有同學把consider也拿過來與之混用。我們首先還是從定義來看這幾個詞的不同:

  Think: to have opinion or belief about sth。

  翻譯為“認為”,通常接賓語從句來表達比較確定的觀點。

  Assume: to think or accept that sth is true but without having proof of it。

  翻譯為“假設、假定”,是否有事實依據(jù)是不確定的。

  Claim: to say sth is true although it has not been proved and other people may not believe it。

  翻譯為“聲稱”,用這個詞往往意味著不贊同緊跟其后的觀點,所以很少用作‘I claim that…

  Scientist are claiming a breakthrough in the fight against cancer, but in fact, …。

  所以‘It is claimed that’通常翻譯為“有報道稱。。。”。和‘it is reported that ’的區(qū)別在于后者翻譯為“據(jù)報道”,往往代表著作者贊同報告的內(nèi)容,

  Consider: to think about sth carefully, especially in order to make a decision

  翻譯為“考慮”,一般不用作引出觀點,看個例子:

  We are considering buying a new car。

  所以,千萬不要在雅思大作文的第一段(觀點表達段)就因為用詞把握不準而導致對整篇文章的低分印象

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