解析雅思口語考試的判斷依據(jù)

　　雅思口語考試的判斷依據(jù)

　　1、重音比發(fā)音更重要

　　發(fā)音和口音并不是最重要的。Pronunciation(發(fā)音)和accent(口音)是很多考生非常擔心的問題，怕考官聽不懂自己的話。大家可以想像老外說中文的情況，很少有老外的中文發(fā)音非常標準的，但是他們的表達我們大多數(shù)是絕對能正確理解的。所以不要為你的發(fā)音或口音而太傷精力，因為這并不是考官評分重要的依據(jù)。但需要注意的是，單詞的重音是非常重要的，因為重音的錯誤會使得考官對你的話產生誤解。比如說，“sincere”的重音應該在后面，而大多數(shù)中國學生都說成后面，考官第一反應是單詞sin(罪孽)。

　　2、語法的問題最大

　　與寫作一樣，語法對口語考試也很重要。問題最大的是時態(tài)。漢語中沒有時態(tài)的區(qū)別，比如我們說“今天吃飯”，“明天吃飯”，“昨天吃飯”，動詞的形式并不變，我們主要靠時間狀語來區(qū)分。但在英語里，則主要通過時態(tài)的變化來體現(xiàn)這樣的差異。英漢這樣顯著的差別使得大多數(shù)同學在說英語的時候，很少能注意使用不同的時態(tài)。而這在考官看來是極難容忍的。還有些考生在口語考試中出現(xiàn)很多低級的語法錯誤，像he和she不分等等，都是你取得高分的障礙。

　　3、別害怕中途被打斷

　　雅思口語考試的時間，一般每個考生平均是12分鐘左右。有些考生口語考試時，在對一個話題闡述過程中，中途被考官打斷。這是否意味著你的口語得了低分或者得了高分?考官們的回答是，中途是否打斷考生完全是考官本人的習慣，而與分數(shù)的高低根本就沒有關系。有些考官可能覺得打斷你會顯得比較粗魯，而有些考官可能就覺得無所謂。

　　4、話題類別預測得分

　　在考試過程中，確實有一些可以利用的線索來猜測你口語的分數(shù)檔次。最重要的就是topic的差別。在口語第一階段結束之后，考官會根據(jù)你的表現(xiàn)和他的經(jīng)驗來為你選擇一個topic。按照考官的說法，topic較寬泛的(如說說一次有意思的旅行)一般起評分是較低的，在5分左右。而如果topic較具體的，則起評分較高。當然這也是相對的，考生如果說簡單的topic發(fā)揮得非常好，那么分數(shù)也會很不錯;反之難的topic發(fā)揮得不好，分數(shù)自然也會下調。

　　5、和試題卡顏色無關

　　近來，考生中盛傳口語試題卡顏色的差別。還有些人煞有介事地傳言：紅色的卡片代表7分起評，藍色的卡片代表6分。還有人在網(wǎng)上激烈地爭論到底什么顏色代表什么分數(shù)。根據(jù)了解的情況，很多考官一致否認了這樣的說法。

　　如何回答雅思口語中的環(huán)境話題

　　一、考試說明

　　“城市環(huán)境問題”是今年的新題，最近頻頻出現(xiàn)于各大賽區(qū)的考試中。考生向考官簡述自己城市的一個常見環(huán)境問題后，在第三部分里會圍繞環(huán)境污染和保護的方方面面與其展開討論。在“真題演練”部分我以北京的沙塵暴為例，給出了一個參考性框架。在“話題相關材料”部分，大家可以看到一位印度作家在報紙上講述印度的白色污染，里面有很多詞組和想法很適合口語和寫作。

　　二、真題演練

　　Describe an environmental problem in your country.

　　You should say:

　　what this problem is

　　what the causes of the problem are

　　how this problem affects people

　　and explain how this problem could be solved.

　　參考答案

　　1、點題。Dust storm

　　Problem in northern China

　　Early spring, Strong winds carry sand from Gobi desert. 讓我擔心(has me worried)

　　2、原因。two major reasons

　　Strong winds,

　　desertification, Overuse of farmland and overgrazing

　　植被破壞(deforestation)，romove tons of topsoil a day.

　　3、影響。Badly.

　　Yellow, poor visibility.

　　戴face masks, re’spiratory disease. 引發(fā)健康問題(cause health problems)

　　4、解決。復雜，簡單解決方案.

　　最簡單，Plant trees

　　最好的，turn cultivated land back into grasslands and forests. This is an important measure to control water loss and soil erosion.

　　三、背景閱讀

　　摘自The Hindu, Saturday, Jul 06, 2002

　　Plastic Pollution

　　USHA JESUDASAN

　　Walk down any city street or village road, turn any corner, find a spot at the beach or in a park and you will find mounds and mounds of dirty plastic bags, food wrappings, plastic cups, bottles and cartons lie piled high, or blocking drainage systems and sewers. The road outside our house is littered with flimsy multi-coloured plastic bags. The wind blows these bags into the open gutter. The bags collect and block the gutter which then spills on to the road. Mosquitoes thrive in the stagnant water. Pigs and rats wallow in the slime, carrying disease. The place stinks and the air is polluted. The garbage men refuse to clean the gutters... they are only paid to clear the litter off the streets! So the clutter and slime increases every week.

　　Who is responsible for all this litter and mess and the polluted atmosphere? We are of course! Every one of us. Although each one of us contributes to the problem, none of us is willing to be part of the solution to it. So the Tamil Nadu Government is keen on taking a drastic step to curb the use of plastics and make the roads clean and environmentally safe. The government's desire to introduce a bill that would ban plastic bags and other plastic items is a desperate attempt to control the huge environmental and health hazards that face us today.

　　Despite my desire to see a clean environment and have a clean road I wonder what will we do without all the plastic things in our lives? The many uses of disposable plastic that we use everyday comes to mind, gloves, pens, cups, bottles, cans — can we really do without these?

　　Do we see the proposed ban as a necessary measure? Or will it be fought against with passion by the plastic industry? Each year, as industry produces more and more non-essential products individually and excessively packaged in plastic, we throw away more and more trash. Plastic razors can only be used a few times before disposal, then more must be bought, making the plastic and razor industries rich and happy. Pens used to be filled with ink, today we use them, throw them away and go out and buy another one. The pen industries make a lot of money too. Many household appliances are designed to become obsolete within a short duration and that guarantees that you'll just have to buy new ones next year.

　　To a large extent, our garbage problem is a result of a corporate business ethic that puts profits before people and the environment. Industry pushes the advantages of "disposability'' to the public because it suits them and it pays well. The profit from disposability goes into the pockets of only a few but the hazards of disposability are faced by many more.

　　The proposed ban makes me realise that each one of us should develop a sense of responsibility not just towards the litter on our roads but also towards the things we buy and use and throw away.

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