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英語專業(yè)八級試題練習(xí)閱讀理解訓(xùn)練
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Men Are Carrying on a Sex-fight
This is supposed to be an enlightened age, but you wouldn’t think of if you could heat what the average man thinks of the average woman/ Women won their independence years ago. After a long, bitter struggle, they now enjoy the same educational opportunities as men in most parts of the world. They have proved repeatedly that they are equal and often superior to men in almost every field. The hard-fought battle for recognition has been won, but it is by no means over. It is men, not women who still carry on the sex war because their attitude remains basically hostile. Even in the most progressive societies, women continue to be regarded as second-rate citizens. To hear some men talk, you’d think that women belonged to a different species!
On the surface, the comments made by men about women’s abilities seem light-hearted. The same tired jokes about women drivers are repeated day in, day out. This apparent light-heartedness dose not conceal the real contempt that men feel for women. However much men sneer at women, their claims to superiority are not borne out by statistics. Let’s consider the matter of driving, for instance. We all know that women cause far fewer accidents than men. They are too conscientious and responsible to drive like maniacs. But this is a minor quibble. Women have succeeded in any job you care to name. As politicians, soldiers, doctors, factory-hands, university professors, farmers, company directors, lawyers, bus-conductors, scientists and presidents of countries they have often put men to shame. And we must remember that they frequently succeed brilliantly in all these fields in addition to bearing and rearing children.
Yet men go on maintaining the fiction that there are many jobs women can’t don Top-level political negotiation between countries, business and banking are almost entirely controlled by men, who jealously guard their so-called ‘rights’. Even in otherwise enlightened places like Switzerland women haven’t even been given the cote. This situation is preposterous! The arguments that men put forward to exclude women from these fields are all too familiar. Women, they say, are unreliable and irrational. They depend too little on cool reasoning and too much on intuition and instinct to arrive at decisions. They are not even capable of thinking clearly. Yet when women prove their abilities, men refuse to acknowledge them and give them their due. So much for a man’s ability to think clearly!
The truth is that men cling to their supremacy because of their basic inferiority complex. They shun real competition. They know in their hearts that women are superior and they are afraid of being beaten at their own game. One of the most important tasks in the world is to achieve peace between the nations. You can be sure that if women were allowed to sit round the conference table, they would succeed brilliantly, as they always do, there men have failed for centuries. Some things are too important to be left to men!
1. What does the first sentence imply?
[A] It is not really an enlightened age. [B] It is different from an enlightened age.
[C] It is the same as an enlightened age. [D] It is like an enlightened age.
2. Why do men carry on the sex war against women?
[A] Because of their inferiority. [B] Because they shun real competition.
[C] Because of their claim to supremacy. [D] Because they still look down upon women.
3. The “fiction” is closest in meaning to
[A] Novel. [B] Man-made idea. [C] False idea. [D] Story.
4. What is the main argument men have raised against women?
[A] Women are lack of cold reasoning. [B] They depend on intuition too much.
[C] They are unreliable and irrational. [C] They are too still look down upon women.
答案詳解：
1. A. 這確實不是一個啟蒙時代。(1)這是第一句話語氣和言詞傳遞出來的內(nèi)容。“這個時代應(yīng)該是一個啟蒙時期，可是假如你聽到男人怎么說女人的，你就不會這么認(rèn)為。”(2)正篇文章也傳遞了這個信息。
B. 不同于啟蒙時期。 C. 這時代跟啟蒙時代一樣。 D. 這時代象個啟蒙時期。 這三項都不對。
2. C. 他們對至高無上權(quán)威的追求。答案在最后一段“事實是由于男人們基本的自卑情緒，他們追求至高無上的權(quán)威。他們躲避真正的競爭。他們心里明白婦女比他們優(yōu)秀，因此他們害怕在他們自己的‘游戲’中失利。”
A. 因為他們自卑。 B. 因為他們躲避真正的競爭。 D. 因為他們?nèi)匀惠p視婦女。
3. C. 錯誤觀點。Fiction本意為“虛構(gòu)”，此處上下文決定此義：“可是男人們繼續(xù)堅持這種錯誤的觀點：有許多工作婦女干不了，兩國高級政治談判，商業(yè)和銀行幾乎全部為男人們所控制，他們忌妒地保衛(wèi)著他們所謂的權(quán)利。”
A. 小說。 D. 故事。 這是fiction兩種基本含義，這里不對。 B. 人為思想。文中沒有這種意義。
4. C. 他們不可信，不理智。答案見第三段“他們把婦女排除這些領(lǐng)域之外，所提出的論點是(眾所周知)老調(diào)重彈。他們說婦女不可信，不理智。在做決定時，太依賴于直覺和本能。冷靜得推理太少。”
A. 他們?nèi)鄙倮潇o的推理。 B. 他們太依賴于直覺，這兩項只是本段中用以解釋“不可信，不理智的。” D. 他們太認(rèn)真。這是在第二段總提到的內(nèi)容“我們都知道婦女引起的交通事故比男人少得多，她們非常認(rèn)真負(fù)責(zé)不會像發(fā)瘋似的開車。” 詞匯：
1. conscientious 認(rèn)真的，真心實意的
2. maniac 瘋狂的，瘋子
3. preposterous 反常的，荒謬的
4. quibble 狡辯，摸棱兩可
難句譯注：
1. the inferiority complex 自卑情緒，指一種由自悲感引起的復(fù)雜心理狀態(tài)，對應(yīng)詞是the superiority complex 自高情緒
2. So much for a man’s ability to think clearly! 這是對男人想清楚能力的諷刺，譯文應(yīng)根據(jù)上下文而定。上文說到“婦女甚至難以想得清楚�？墒钱�(dāng)婦女證明她們有此能力時，男人拒不承認(rèn)。”
[參考譯文] 男人想清楚的能力可真大啊。
3. But this is a minor quibble.
[參考譯文] 這是一個小小的狡辯。
4. They have often put men to shame.
[參考譯文] 她們經(jīng)常使男人無地自容。
寫作方法與文章大意：
文章論及“男人輕視婦女”的問題。采用對比因果的手法寫作。先提出婦女經(jīng)過艱苦卓絕的斗爭，贏得了獨立的勝利，得到了承認(rèn)，可是斗爭遠(yuǎn)沒結(jié)束。因為男子繼續(xù)在進(jìn)行性別斗爭。下面就從男女雙方對比，也可以說，男方輕視婦女及其理由，女方據(jù)理反駁。最后作者指出男人輕視婦女的根本原因是他們的自卑情緒。
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