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英語(yǔ)專四英語(yǔ)完形填空密訓(xùn)題
路漫漫其修道遠(yuǎn)，吾將上下而求索。對(duì)于英語(yǔ)專業(yè)的同學(xué)們來(lái)說(shuō)，專四專八可謂是大學(xué)生涯中的一道坎呀！本次，小編為大家?guī)?lái)英語(yǔ)專四英語(yǔ)完形填空密訓(xùn)題，以及一些做專四閱讀題的小技巧，希望能給大家?guī)?lái)幫助!
英語(yǔ)專四英語(yǔ)完形填空密訓(xùn)題
The process by means of which human beings can arbitrarily make certain things stand for other things may be called the symbolic process. (31) ___ we turn, we see the symbolic process (32) __ work. For example, stripes on the sleeve can be made to stand for military rank; crossed sticks can stand for a (33) __ of religious beliefs. There are (34) __ things that have not a symbolic value.Almost all fashionable clothes are (35)_ symbolic. And we select our furniture to (36) ____ as visible symbols of our taste, wealth, and social position. We often choose our houses on the (37) ___ of a feeling that it "looks well" to have a "good address". We trade in perfectly good cars for (38) __ models not always to get better transportation, (39) __ to give evidence to the community that we can (40) _____ it.I once had an eight-year-old car in good running condition. A repairman, who knew the condition of the car, kept (41) ____ me to trade it (42) __ a new model. "But why?" I asked, "The old car's in (43) __ still." The repairman answered scornfully, "Yeah, but all you've got is transportation."Such complicated and apparently (44) __ behavior leads philosophers to (45) __ over "Why can't human beings live simply and naturally?" (46) ____ the complexity of human life makes us look enviously at the relative simplicity of such lives as dogs and cats lead.Simply, the fact that symbolic process makes complexity possible is no (47) ___ for wanting to (48) __ to a cat existence. A better (49) ___ is to understand the symbolic process (50)___ instead of being its victims we become, to some degree at least, its masters.
31. A. Whichever
B. Whatever
C. Everywhere
D. However
32. A. in
B. at
C. by
D. on
33. A. serial
B. cluster
C. suite.
D. set
34. A. many
B. few
C. enough
D. little
35. A. highly
B. merely
C. rarely
D. accidentally
36. A. work
B. regard
C. serve
D. signify
37. A. chance
B. purpose
C. opportunity
D. basis
38. A. later
B. former
C. latter
D. earlier
39. A. yet
B. but
C. and
D. so
40. A. afford
B. offer
C. supply
D. grant
41. A. advocating
B. alerting
C. urging
D. pressing
42. A. with
B. in
C. out
D. for
43. A. advance
B. shape
C. demand
D. vogue
44. A. unnecessary
B. useless
C. random
D. impolite
45. A. concern
B. worry
C. ponder
D. determine
46. A. Often
B. Seldom
C. Always
D. Still
47. A. doubt
B. meaning
C. reason
D. time
48. A. return
B. devote
C. lead
D. proceed
49. A. result
B. solution
C. distinction
D. resolution
50. A. while
B. as
C. since that
D. so that
答案解析
31.[c]【解析】這里要說(shuō)的是“我們所到的每個(gè)地方”，故選C。
32.[B]【解析】根據(jù)旬意“我們所到的每個(gè)地方，我們都能看到符號(hào)的象征意義……”，at work意為“在起作用”，故選B。
33.[D]【解析】本題可用排除法，a set of表示“一套，一組”，與“宗教信仰”搭配符合句意。
34.[B]【解析】few修飾可數(shù)名詞，與not構(gòu)成雙重否定，表肯定。
35.[A]【解析】該句是第二段的主題旬，承上啟下，根據(jù)首段內(nèi)容可知，要填的詞應(yīng)表肯定意義，故選A。
36.[C]【解析】serve…as“當(dāng)作，充當(dāng)……”，這是固定用法。
37.[D]【解析】本句說(shuō)我們通常憑感覺(jué)來(lái)選擇房子，on the basis of“以……為基礎(chǔ)”，D正確。
38.[A]【解析】better提示這里有一個(gè)隱藏的比較關(guān)系。雖然車輛“完好無(wú)損”但我們喜歡換較新樣式的，故選A。later“更新近的”。
39.[B]【解析】根據(jù)句意可知，人們換車的目的不是為了擁有更便利的交通工具，而是為了證明……，前后語(yǔ)義為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系,故B正確。
40.[A]【解析】afford“買得起，有能力購(gòu)買”，該詞充分體現(xiàn)了人們用較新款式的車輛換本來(lái)性能很好的車輛的心態(tài)。
41.[C]【解析】urge sb.to do“催促，慫恿某人做某事”，符合作者當(dāng)時(shí)不愿意換車而汽修工慫恿他換車的情況。
42.[D]【解析】trade…for…意為“用……換……”，符合句意.D 正確。
43.[B]【解析】由作者的提問(wèn)可知，他的車性能還是很好的，in shape“(在外形上)處于良好狀態(tài)”符合句意。
44.[A]【解析】可利用排除法解題。such…behavior是代指上文提到汽車修理工勸“我”換車的經(jīng)歷，unnecessary“無(wú)必要的”符合句意。
45.[C]【解析】ponder over“考慮，深思”，符合旬意。
46.[A]【解析】根據(jù)空格后句子中complexity和simplicity的對(duì)照關(guān)系，可知0ften符合句意。
47.[C]【解析】由該段末句中的a better…is to…可知作者并不提倡過(guò)著像貓狗那樣的簡(jiǎn)單生活，C符合句意.no reason for…“沒(méi)有理由……”。
48.[A]【解析】后文作者指出了更好的解決辦法，可知作者在這里并不是要我們r(jià)eturn to“回歸到”貓狗那樣的簡(jiǎn)單生活。A正確。
49.[B]【解析】對(duì)某問(wèn)題的解決對(duì)策通常都用solution，B正確。
50.[D]【解析】空格后半句是前半句的結(jié)果，D符合句意
【拓展閱讀】
英語(yǔ)專四閱讀技巧
對(duì)于閱讀中碰到的生僻詞，我們首先要學(xué)會(huì)識(shí)別哪些情況下即使不了解詞義也不影響對(duì)短文的理解;其次是轉(zhuǎn)變對(duì)生僻詞義認(rèn)識(shí)上的態(tài)度，即在許多情況下不必了解該詞的確切意義，尤其沒(méi)有必要了解它在英漢辭典中的中文釋義，而只需對(duì)該詞詞義的大概而籠統(tǒng)的理解就行。實(shí)踐中，在確定了短文中哪些生僻詞的詞義有必要作一大概了解后，我們可以從以下兩個(gè)角度來(lái)猜度詞義：
一、構(gòu)詞知識(shí)
即利用單詞的構(gòu)詞要素詞根，前后綴來(lái)識(shí)記單詞。詞根是一個(gè)單詞的根本部分，代表詞的基本意義;前綴是加在詞根或單詞前面的部分，通常也有一定含義;后綴是加在詞根或單詞后面的部分，通常在增加詞義的同時(shí)還改變?cè)~性。通過(guò)詞根詞綴構(gòu)詞的方式有多種，現(xiàn)簡(jiǎn)單歸納如下：
①前綴+詞根：inter(中間)+vene→intervene(介入)
�、谠~根+后綴：circl(圓)+let(小)→circlet(小環(huán))
③詞根+詞根：tele(遠(yuǎn))+scope(鏡)→telescope(望遠(yuǎn)鏡)
�、芮熬Y+詞根+后綴：in(不)+aud(聽)+ible(可)→inaudible(聽不見(jiàn))
⑤雙前綴+詞根：re(再)+dis(取下)+cover(蓋)→rediscover(再發(fā)現(xiàn))
�、拊~根+雙后綴：care(用心)+less(不)+ly(地)→carelessly(不小心地)
�、咔熬Y+雙詞根：tri(三)+gono(角)+metry(測(cè)量)→trigonometry(三角幾何)
�、嚯p詞根+后綴：biblio(書)+phil(愛(ài))+ist(人)→bibliophilist(書籍愛(ài)好者)
⑨雙前綴+詞根+后綴：ir(不)+re(反對(duì))+sist(站)+ible→irresistible(不可抵抗的)
�、馇熬Y+詞根+雙后綴：se(離)+greg(群)+ation+ist→segregationist(種族隔離主義者)
雙前綴+詞根+雙后綴：un(不)+pre(先)+ced(走)+ent+ed→unprecedented(史無(wú)前例的)
二、上下文線索
利用上下文線索猜測(cè)詞義的方法很多，但其核心是尋找與該生僻詞相關(guān)的上下文意義線索，這些線索主要可歸納為以下幾種：
(1)同義定義 為了便于讀者理解作者本義，作者有時(shí)會(huì)對(duì)文中的生僻詞或?qū)I(yè)性較強(qiáng)的詞直接給出定義。在下定義時(shí)，作者常使用一些信號(hào)詞， 如：is/are(called)，means，can be defined as，refer to，is/are known as，signify等，例：
Food fallacies refer to beliefs about food that are not true. 或標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)，如——，()等，
例： Multiplexing ——transmitting independent signals at the same time in the same channel——increases the efficiency of radio channels.
有時(shí)，作者用同位語(yǔ)形式或連詞or給出定義，例：
Nerve cells evidently first appeared in coelenterates, “hollow gutted” organisms like hydra and the sea anemone.
Intelligent behavior remained impossible until the appearance of relatively big, complex types of brain——the types we find among the vertebrates, or backboned animals.
(2)近義復(fù)述 同一短文中上下毗鄰的句子通常有互釋作用，我們可以從上下文的復(fù)述中獲取與某一單詞相關(guān)的信息來(lái)猜度詞義。例：
Mr. and Mrs. Firth had a long courtship. They dated for nine years before they got married.
Although he often had the opportunity, Mr. Tritt never stole money from a customer. This would have endangered his position at the bank, and he did not want to jeopardize his future.
(3)反義對(duì)照 在表示對(duì)照的上下文中，常包含有意義相反的詞語(yǔ)或概念，這些意義相反的概念可以互為線索，幫助我們猜度詞義。常有以下一些信號(hào) 詞：although，but，however，though，whereas，while，yet，on the contrary，on the other hand等。 例：Chimpanzees(猩猩) in the wild use simple objects as tools, but in laboratory situations they can use more sophisticated items.
Most dentists-offices are drab places, while Emilio’s new office is a bright, cheerful place.
(4)搭配集合 利用詞與詞的搭配或該詞所出現(xiàn)的語(yǔ)境，我們也能推知詞義的大概輪廓。例：
People gathered to look. Three fine streams of hot water sprouted from holes in the jacket(套，殼) of the radiator.
A man is watering his lawn just as an attractive, well dressed girl walked by. As he ogles her, he accidentally turns the hose on his ugly, dowdy wife.
(5)比較舉例 上下文中的比較和舉例，能揭示比較物或列舉物之間的共性，我們可根據(jù)這些共性來(lái)推知有關(guān)詞語(yǔ)的意思。例：
The consequences of epochal events such as wars and great scientific discoveries are not confined to a small geographical area.
Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your health. They also regard drinking as harmful.
(6)因果時(shí)間 因與果、時(shí)間的先與后都是事物發(fā)展變化過(guò)程中的必然關(guān)系，在利用上下文推測(cè)詞義時(shí)，這些關(guān)系也至關(guān)重要。例：
Robert is considered peremptory administrator because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others.
When Mark was in pedantic mood, he assumed the manner of a famous professor and gave long lectures on boring, insignificant topics.
(7)常識(shí) 包括我們的生活經(jīng)歷、經(jīng)驗(yàn)常識(shí)以及自己專業(yè)方面的知識(shí)，在閱讀到與自己專業(yè)相近的文章時(shí)，我們都會(huì)感到相對(duì)容易，這正是我們的專業(yè)知識(shí)在幫我們理解。例：
An apple falls down instead of up because of gravity.
An atomic clock is so precise that it can be used to check the accuracy of predictions based on Einstein’s relativity theories.
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