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托福寫作多樣化表達(dá)的策略

　　下面YJBYS小編為大家搜索整理了關(guān)于托福寫作多樣化表達(dá)的策略，歡迎大家參考閱讀，希望對(duì)你有所幫助!想了解更多相關(guān)信息請(qǐng)持續(xù)關(guān)注我們應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生培訓(xùn)網(wǎng)!

托福寫作多樣化表達(dá)的策略

　　在托福(課程)寫作過(guò)程中，詞匯使用的貧乏是讓很多初入托福備考學(xué)生的一個(gè)提分難點(diǎn)。無(wú)論怎樣的一篇文章，“認(rèn)為”就是think;每逢“因?yàn)?rdquo;就是because，“意識(shí)到”就是realize，“想到”就是think of。其實(shí)，想要讓自己的文章內(nèi)容充實(shí)，詞匯也并不是唯一的突破口。

　　句子多樣性

　　單調(diào)的句式和結(jié)構(gòu)、長(zhǎng)度相近的句子使作文呆板單調(diào)，缺乏生動(dòng)性和說(shuō)服力;而靈活多變的句子樣式和結(jié)構(gòu)則使作文語(yǔ)言生動(dòng)，自然流暢，豐富多彩。具體包括以下幾個(gè)方面：

　　長(zhǎng)短句變換：簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句交替運(yùn)用

　　長(zhǎng)句準(zhǔn)確生動(dòng)，長(zhǎng)于說(shuō)明推理;短句簡(jiǎn)潔明快，意義明確，印象深刻，描述動(dòng)作，表明主旨，總結(jié)歸納，非短句不可。既然各有所長(zhǎng)，在寫作時(shí)應(yīng)根據(jù)實(shí)際需要，交替使用簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句，以達(dá)到“段間長(zhǎng)短不一，全篇句式萬(wàn)千”、豐富多樣的效果，給讀者以及閱卷老師以永恒的新鮮感。

　　結(jié)構(gòu)多樣化：我們學(xué)過(guò)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)(包括不定式結(jié)構(gòu)和分詞結(jié)構(gòu))，無(wú)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)，分隔結(jié)構(gòu)，比較結(jié)構(gòu)，獨(dú)立結(jié)構(gòu)，with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，特殊否定結(jié)構(gòu)，it結(jié)構(gòu)，平行結(jié)構(gòu)，強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)，倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，等等。其中最為神通廣大的是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中或作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)，或作表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，或作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞，或作狀語(yǔ)表示條件、原因、讓步、時(shí)間、方式、目的、結(jié)果、伴隨狀況等，不一而足。

　　非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)可以簡(jiǎn)化大部分英語(yǔ)(精品課)從句，產(chǎn)生語(yǔ)言簡(jiǎn)練，結(jié)構(gòu)豐富多樣的效果，請(qǐng)看下列轉(zhuǎn)化實(shí)例：

　　名詞從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)

　　1. That John won the marathon surprised us.

　　John’s winning the Marathon surprised us.

　　2. I have not decided whether I should vote for Clint.

　　I have not decided whether to vote for Clint.

　　定語(yǔ)從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)

　　1. The man (who is) standing at the gate is my English teacher.

　　2. The car (that was) repaired yesterday by him is my mother’s.

　　3. The next train that arrives is from New York.

　　狀語(yǔ)從句可轉(zhuǎn)化為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)

　　1. After he had watered the garden, he began to mow the lawn.

　　Having watered the garden, he began to mow the lawn.

　　2. When they are heated metals expand.

　　(When) Heated, metals expand.

　　3. Because I do not know what to do next, I want to ask for your advice.

　　Not knowing what to do next, I want to ask for your advice.

　　4. I spoke slowly and clearly in order that the audience could understand me.

　　…in order for the audience to understand me.

　　5. If we are united, we stand; if we are divided, we fail.

　　United, we stand; divided, we fail.

　　6. Though he has lived in Canada for tree years, he still cannot speak English well.

　　Having lived in Canada for three years, he still cannot speak English well.

　　無(wú)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)也是閱卷老師喜歡看到的亮點(diǎn)，原因就在于由于漢語(yǔ)寫作慣性，中國(guó)學(xué)生很少能想到使用該結(jié)構(gòu)。這種結(jié)構(gòu)實(shí)質(zhì)上是SVC結(jié)構(gòu)的省略，包括形容詞無(wú)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)、名詞無(wú)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)(即同位結(jié)構(gòu))和介詞無(wú)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)，往往放在句子開(kāi)頭，以逗號(hào)同主句隔開(kāi)，表示原因、條件、讓步、補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，伴隨狀況等意義。請(qǐng)看下列例子：

　　形容詞無(wú)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)

　　1. Big and fat, Victor went to the Gym(健身館) every Sunday morning.(原因)

　　2. Speechless, Henry nodded and sat on a folding seat.(伴隨狀語(yǔ))

　　3. Anxious for a quick decision, the chairman called for a vote.(原因)

　　4. (Although)always helpful, he was not much liked by people.(讓步)

　　5. It has little taste, unless hot.(條件)

　　名詞無(wú)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)

　　6. A fellow Georgian(佐治亞人), Jordan was well-known as a friend of the President.(同位語(yǔ))

　　7. Bank loan or no bank loan, we’ll buy the house.(讓步)

　　8. Whatever the reason, his cordiality(誠(chéng)懇)to her has won him a friend.(讓步)

　　介詞無(wú)動(dòng)詞結(jié)構(gòu)

　　9. Because of his mistake several people died.(原因)