英語語法句型有關知識點
在平平淡淡的學習中,大家都沒少背知識點吧?知識點是知識中的最小單位,最具體的內容,有時候也叫“考點”。還在為沒有系統(tǒng)的知識點而發(fā)愁嗎?下面是小編幫大家整理的英語語法句型知識點,歡迎大家借鑒與參考,希望對大家有所幫助。
英語語法句型知識點 篇1
英語語法存在句知識點:there to be…的用法
there to be 為 there be 的非謂語形式之一,它在句中主要用作狀語或介詞for的賓語。
用作動詞賓語
該結構可用作某些動詞(如like, prefer, hate, want, mean, intend, expect, consider 等)的賓語:
I don’t want there to be any misunderstanding.
我可不希望有任何誤解。
Students hate there to be too much homework.
學生討厭做太多的家庭作業(yè)。
We expect there to be more discussion about this.
我們期望能對此展開更多的討論。
【注】在let there be句式中,動詞be不帶to:
Don’t let there be any noise. 不允許有任何吵鬧。
Let there be no mistake about it. 這事不要出錯。
用作介詞for的賓語
They asked for there to be another meeting. 他們要求再開一次會議。
【注】用作介詞賓語一般用there being,但用作介詞for的賓語時,只能用there to be。比較:
They planned on there being another meeting. 他們打算再開一次會議。
They planned there to be another meeting. 他們打算再開一次會議。
英語語法強調句知識點:判斷此題是定語從句還是強調句
It was in the small house _________ was built with stones by his father _________ he spent his childhood.
A. which, that B. that, which C. which, which D. that, where
答案選A,填對此句的關鍵是要弄清第二空必須填 that,因為這是一個強調句,被強調部分為 in the small house (以及修飾它的定語從句 which was built with stones by his father)。又如:
(1) It was the boy _________ had been in prison _________ stole the money.
A. who, where B. that, how C. who, that D. that, which
【分析】此題答案選C,全句為強調句,被強調成分是 the boy (以及修飾它的定語從句who had been in prison)。
(2) It was just in the room _________ he was born _________ he died.
A. where, which B. that, that C. where, that D. which, that
【分析】此題答案選C,全句為強調句,被強調成分是 in this room,where he was born 為修飾 the room 的定語從句。
英語語法強調句知識點:強調句與從句的比較
1. 強調句與主語從句的比較
強調句將句子中的it is / was …that同時省去,句子仍然成立;而主語從句將that與后面部分代替it,成立。如:
(1) It is Li Lei’s brother that you met in the street yesterday. 你昨天在街上所見到的就是李蕾的兄弟。
本句若將It is 及 that同時省去為:You met Li Lei’s brother in the street yesterday. 句子同樣成立,因此前面的句子是強調句型。
(2) It is exciting that we have succeeded in sending up Shenzhou V. 我們成功地發(fā)射了神舟五號這件事情真令人興奮。
本句若將It is 及 that同時省去為:We have succeeded exciting in sending up Shenzhou V. 顯然句子錯誤,因此,前面句子不是強調句型,而是主語從句。
2. 強調句與定語從句的比較
強調句中的It沒有實際意義,It be與that可同時被省略;而定語從句中的It是主語,It be與that不可同時省略;
強調句型中be的時態(tài)須跟后面句子的時態(tài)相一致;而定語從句中主句謂語動詞be的時態(tài)須由主句的時間確定。
強調句將句子中的that不能省略,并且即使前面的名詞是事物時,也不能將that換成which;而定語從句中的that作賓語時可被省略,并且當先行詞是事物時可用which代替。
當it be后面的時間、地點名詞作主語、賓語或表語時,引導詞可用that / which;而作其他成分時,引導詞須用when / which。如:
(1) It is an English book (that / which) I bought yesterday. 它是我昨天買的書。(本句是對What is that?問句的回答,that所引導的是定語從句,that可被省略)
It was the English book that I bought yesterday. 昨天我所賣的就是這本書。(本句相當于對I bought the English book yesterday中an English book進行強調)
(2) It was a room where we used to have meetings. 它是我們過去常在開會的房子。(where 所引導的從句對前面的room進行說明,它是定語從句)
It was in the room that we used to have meetings. 過去我們開會就在這間房子里。(in the room是被強調的部分,本句是強調句型)
(3) It is a day when the people celebrate their victory. 這是人們慶祝他們的勝利的日子。 (when所引導的從句對a day進行說明,是定語從句)
It was on that day that people celebrated their victory. 就在那一天,人們慶祝了他們的勝利。(強調on October 1, 1949)
3.強調句與狀語從句的比較
狀語從句句首的It本身就是句子的主語;而強調句首的It不作任何成分也沒有實際意義。
狀語從句的連接副詞that及句子前面的It be不能去掉。
狀語從句的引導詞可以是when / where,而強調句型中的that不能用其他詞代替。如:
(1) It is such an interesting book that we all like it very much. 它是一本如此有趣的書,我們大家都非常喜歡。(結果狀語主從復合句)
It is such an interesting book that we all like very much. 我們大家都非常喜歡的就是一本如此有趣的書。(強調such an interesting book)
(比較:It is such an interesting book as we all like very much. 這就是我們大家都非常喜歡的如此有趣的書。定語從句)
(2) It was already morning when he woke up. 當他醒來時,已經是早晨了。(時間主從復合句)
It was the next morning that he woke up. 就在第二天早晨他醒來了。(強調the next morning)
英語語法倒裝句知識點:“only+狀語”置于句首句子要倒裝
Only in this way __________ able to finish the work in time.
A. can you be B. are you C. you can be D. you are
此題應選 B。容易誤選D。至于A,C,這比較容易排除,因為情態(tài)動詞 can 不能與 be able to用在同一謂語中。本題之所以要選B而不選D,主要是因為句首用了only in thisway 的緣故,按照英語語法規(guī)則:“only+狀語”位于句首,句子通常要用倒裝語序(部分倒裝——用一般疑問句形式)。如:
1. “only 副詞”位于句首。如:
Only then did I realize that I was wrong. 只是到了那時我才意識到是我錯了。
2. “only+介詞短語”位于句首。如:
Only by working hard can you succeed. 只有努力工作你才能成功。
Only in the reading-room can you find him. 你只有在閱覽室才能找到他。
3. “only+狀語從句”位于句首。如:
Only when one loses freedom does one know itsvalue. 一個人只有在失去自由后才知道自由的可貴。
注意:若位于句首的不是only+狀語,而是 only+賓語等,則通常無需倒裝(但有時也可以倒裝)。如:
Only a policeman the children saw in the street. 孩子們在街上只看到一個警察。
Only one more point will I make. 我只再說明一點。
英語語法感嘆句知識點:感嘆句的基本句型
【句型一】What + (a / an) + 形容詞 + 名詞 + 主語 + 謂語!
What a clever boy he is! (他是個)多么聰明的男孩啊!
What an interesting story it is! (這是個)多么有趣的故事啊!
What fine weather it is! 多好的天氣啊!
What beautiful flowers they are! (它們是)多么漂亮的花啊!
【說明】 在感嘆句中,What a / an 常用來修飾單數可數名詞,若其前面的形容詞為元音開頭,則用 an。what 是用來修飾復數可數名詞和不可數名詞。但有些不可數名詞,如 rain, surprise, breakfast, lunch 等,當前面有形容詞修飾,使抽象名詞具體化時,則要用 what a / an,如:
What a heavy rain it is! 多大的一場雨啊!
What a great surprise it is! 這多么令人驚奇啊!
What a rich breakfast it is! 多么豐盛的一頓早餐啊!
【句型二】How + 形容詞 / 副詞 + 主語 + 謂語!
How well you look! 你氣色真好!
How kind you are! 你心腸真好!
How beautifully you sing! 你唱得真好聽!
Strawberries! How nice! 草莓! 多好呀!
How clever the boy is! 這個男孩多么聰明啊!
How fast he runs! 他跑得多么快啊!
【說明】how還可以修飾動詞構成感嘆句,但動詞不提前。如:
How I want to be a doctor! 我多么想成為一名醫(yī)生啊!
How she dances! 她跳得多好啊!
英語語法感嘆句知識點:陳述句改為感嘆句
感嘆句通常有what, how引導,表示贊美、驚嘆、喜 悅、等感情。what修飾名詞,how 修飾形容詞,副詞或動詞,感嘆句結構主要有以下幾種:
How +形容詞+ a +名詞+其他成分!
How+形容詞或副詞+其他成分!
What +名詞+其他成分!
What +a+形容詞+名詞+其他成分!
What + 形容詞+復數名詞+其他成分!
What + 形容詞+不可數名詞+其他成分!
請看以下例子:
It’s an interesting film. 這是一部有趣的電影。
→ What an interesting film it is! 這是一部多有趣的電影啊!
It’s wonderful weather. 天氣很好。
→ What wonderful weather! 天氣真好!
He did the work carefully. 他做這工作很仔細。
→ How carefully he did the work! 他做這工作多仔細啊!
Time passed quickly. 時間過得很快。
→ How quickly time passed! 時間過得真快!
英語語法句型知識點 篇2
1.用于描寫漫畫圖表的常用句型
、 As the graph depicts,…
、 From the picture we can see that…
、 According to the statistics shown in the first/second graph,…
、 The table shows/indicates/reveals that…
、 It can be seen/concluded from the picture/table/figures that…
2.用于句首提出論點或現(xiàn)象的句型
、 Recently,…h(huán)as become the focus of society.
、 …h(huán)as been playing an increasingly important role in our daily life.
、 Nowadays, there is a growing concern for…
、 Nowadays, it is common to hear/see…
、 …h(huán)as become a common occurrence in our daily life.
、 Nowadays, more and more people are beginning to be aware of the seriousness of…
⑦ It is only during the last/past few years that men have become generally aware that…
、 There is an old/a popular saying/proverb that says/goes…
、 In recent years, there is a general tendency…
⑩ Nowadays,…h(huán)as become a problem we have to face.
3.用于比較闡述不同觀點的常用句型
、 Some people like/prefer…, while others feel/are inclined to…
、 There are different opinions among people as to…
、 Some people claim that…is superior to… Others, however, disagree with it.
、 Some people believe that… Others maintain that… Still others claim that…
、 Some people suggest… Others, however, hold the opposite opinion.
、 On the one hand, people tend to… On the other hand, they feel…
、 Some people argue that… Others, in contrast, believe that…
、 Although more and more people come to believe that…, there are still others who insist that…
⑨ On the contrary, there are people in favor of…
、 There are some people who hold different opinions about…
4.用于陳述個人觀點的句型
、 My own experience tells me that…
、 In my opinion, we should attach more importance to…
、 As for my own idea about…, I believe…
④ As far as I am concerned, I plan to…
、 Personally, I prefer…
⑥ In my view, both sides are partly right in that…
、 But for me, I would rather…
、 My point of view is that…
、 In conclusion, I support the statement that…
⑩ As for me, I tend to choose…
5.用于結尾的常用句型
、 From what has been discussed/mentioned above, we may conclude that…
② Therefore, it is not difficult to draw/come to the conclusion that…
、 It is high time that something was done about…
、 From all the reasons/considerations above, it is evident/clear/obvious that…
⑤ Taking all these factors into account, we may reach the conclusion that…
⑥ Given the reasons I have just outlined/discussed/presented, I strongly recommend that…
英語語法句型知識點 篇3
1.段內并列
分析某事物時,用此句型說明其主要原因或者多方面原因
例如:Why…? For one thing …For another …There are many reasons for this problem. First /For one thing …Second / For another …Third/ Still another …
2.段內延伸
例如:In involves some serious consequence for …
3.段內對照
(1)肯定其中一個
The benefits gained from B are much greater than that of A.
(2)二者有共同點
A and B have several things in common .They are similar in that…
英語四級寫作如何避開跑題
英語四級寫作指導:1個宗旨
一般建議在作文的最后一段點出作文的宗旨,也即我們所說的"點題"。文章最后一段重申和強調作文主題,使閱卷老師非常輕松地找到文章的主旨,判斷考生是否"切題",給閱卷老師節(jié)省了時間,自然會得到一些額外的"好感分"。
英語四級寫作指導:2個范圍
任何一個作文題目,假如能夠成為一個"可以讓人探討的話題",勢必需要"事關人"或者"事關物",也許不要"事關重大",但是必須是有話可說的。
"人"或"物",就是四六級作文的兩個命題范圍:
(1)關于"人"的文章,一般涉及"個人成長成功心態(tài)哲理話題價值觀品質習慣"等"較為抽象"的話題。這種話題重在強調人的"內在品質",強調"積極意義教育價值",命題旨在教育考生"做一個什么樣的人"。因此,與人有關的"成長類心態(tài)類和哲理類話題"是第一個命題的范圍。
(2)關于"物"的文章,一般涉及"社會事務社會現(xiàn)象"等較為"具體實在"的話題。這種話題重在強調"社會事件和現(xiàn)象",旨在考察考生的"觀察問題分析問題解決問題"的實質能力。諸如2012年6月的四級考試"excessive package of products"(商品過度包裝) 2012年12月四級考試education pays (教育的回報)以及2013年6月六級的地球資源與人類的需求和貪欲,考察的'都是關于"物"的實在現(xiàn)象。
英語四級寫作指導:3種屬性
所謂"屬性",說的是作文的話題的"性別"--作文的話題是正面的負面的還是中性的?確定了作文的"屬性",加上作文考察的"范圍",對整個文章的展開會有重大的作用。
正如數學概念中的"坐標軸",有"原點負面和正面"三個概念。作文的主題,也同樣可以分為"中性話題負面話題和正面話題"三類。通常而言,
(1)"負面消極話題"需要在作文的二三段闡述這個負面話題產生的原因危害弊端和解決的措施策略;
(2)"中性一般話題"需要闡述這個話題或現(xiàn)象產生的原因,并且適當發(fā)表個人見解看法;
(3)"正面積極話題“,則盡量論述這個話題的意義重要性和價值以及這個話題對考生帶來的啟發(fā)。
英語語法句型知識點 篇4
There be 句型: 此句型是由“there+be+主語+狀語”構成,用以表達存在關系可以稱“……有……”。它其實是全倒裝的一種情況,主語位于謂語動詞be之后,there 僅為引導詞,并無實際語意。此句型有時不用be動詞,而用live,stand,come,go,lie,remain,exist,arrive等,但一般不用have.如:
There stands a hill in the middle of the park.
Once upon a time there lived an old king in the town.
Be 與其后的主語在人稱和數量上一致,有時態(tài)和情態(tài)變化。如:
現(xiàn)在有 there is/are …
過去有 there was/were…
將來有 there will be…;there is /are going to be……
現(xiàn)在已經有 there has/have been…
可能有 there might be……
肯定有 there must be …/there must have been……
過去曾經有 there used to be …
似乎有 there seems/seem/seemed to be …
碰巧有 there happen/happens/happened to be …
Once,there lived an old fisherman in a village by the sea.
The weatherman says there‘ll be a strong wind in the afternoon.
There used to be a cinema here before the war.
英語語法句型知識點 篇5
表伴隨時,既可用分詞的獨立結構,也可用with的復合結構。
with +名詞(代詞)+現(xiàn)在分詞/過去分詞/形容詞/副詞/不定式/介詞短語
舉例:He stood there,his hand raised.
= He stood there,with his hand raise.
典型例題
The murder was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back.
A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied
答案D. with +名詞(代詞)+分詞+介詞短語結構。當分詞表示伴隨狀況時,其主語常常用with來引導。由于本句中名詞“手”與分詞“綁”是被動關系,因此用過去分詞,選D.
注意:
1) 獨立主格結構使用介詞的問題:
當介詞是in時,其前后的兩個名詞均不加任何成分(如物主代詞或冠詞),也不用復數。但 with 的復合結構不受此限制
A robber burst into the room,knife in hand.
( hand前不能加his)。
2)當表人體部位的詞做邏輯主語時,及物動詞用現(xiàn)在分詞,不及物動詞用過去分詞。
He lay there,his teeth set,his hand clenched,his eyes looking straight up.
典型例題:
Weather___,we'll go out for a walk.
A permitted B permitting C permits D for permitting
答案B. 本題中沒有連詞,它不是復合句,也不是并列句。句中使用了逗號,且we小寫,可知其不是兩個簡單句。能夠這樣使用的只有獨立主格或with的復合結構。據此判斷,本句中使用的是獨立結構,其結構為:名詞+分詞。由于permit在這里翻譯為天氣允許,表主動,應用現(xiàn)在分詞,故選B.
如果不會判斷獨立結構作狀語的形式,不妨將句子改為條件句,例如本句改為If weather permits,we'll go out for a walk. 然后將if去掉,再將謂語動詞改為非謂語動詞即可。
英語語法句型知識點 篇6
It既是代詞又是引詞。作代詞時,它可作人稱代詞、指示代詞、非人稱代詞,用于前指、非確指或習語中。作引詞時,它本身無實義,只起先行引導的作用。
可作形式主語(it is + adj. + for/of sb. to do sth.)或形式賓語(it + adj. + to do sth.),真實地主語或賓語是不定式、動名詞或名詞從句,它們則放在后面。It也用于強調句結構。
如想強調某個詞或部分,可用it is (was)+強調部分(主語、賓語或狀語)+that(who)…的強調結構。本章要求了解代詞it和引詞it的各種用法,重點掌握it用于前指或后指;引詞it用于強調結構。