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高考英語動詞復(fù)習(xí)備考語法大全
馬上就要高考了，以下是小編幫大家整理的高考英語動詞復(fù)習(xí)備考語法大全，希望可以幫助同學(xué)們提高自身綜合英語能力，戰(zhàn)勝高考。
熱點一：動詞詞義辨析
[熱點透視]
考查考生在特定語境中恰當(dāng)運用動詞能力。
[難點剖析]
備選動詞詞義相近，用法相似。
[考題盤點]
1.（03-25）if anybody calls ,tell them i’m out ,and ask them to ______their name and address.
a. pass b. write c. take d. leave
據(jù)題意應(yīng)選leave, 表“留下”。其余動詞不合題意，故選d。
[備考策略] ①結(jié)合語境，從區(qū)別詞義著手；其次從用法上加以區(qū)別，如后跟to do\doing做賓語 ，還是跟雙賓語，或者是復(fù)合賓語等。
�、诩訌妼季V內(nèi)重要近義動詞的復(fù)習(xí)。如：spend ,waste , take, kill；raise, keep, support, feed等。
[過關(guān)訓(xùn)練]
2.（滬04-46） hospital staff burst into cheers after doctors completed a 20-hour operation to have ___one-year-old twins at the head.
a. isolated b. separated
c. divided d. removed
3.(浙04-30) if you are feeling so tired ,perhaps a little sleep would ______.
a. act b. help c. serve d. last
key b b
熱點二、動詞短語辨析
[熱點透視]
考查考生在具體語境中運用動詞短語能力。
[難點剖析]
�、賯溥x詞組形近或義近，或二者兼?zhèn)浠蛲粍釉~不同搭配；
�、� 除涉及詞義辨析外，還結(jié)合時態(tài)、語態(tài)對考生進(jìn)行綜合考查。
[考題盤點]
4.（03-31）news reports say peace talks between the two countries ____with no agreement reached.
a. have broken down b. have broken out
c. have broken in d. have broken up
此題還涉及時態(tài)，增加了試題難度�？疾橥粍釉~不同搭配，break up表打碎，化合物分解，大學(xué)放假等；break down 表（機器等）壞掉，（計劃、談判等）失敗，物理分解等；故選a。
5.（04-32）you can take anything from the shelf and read ,but please _____the books when you’ve finished with them.
a. put on b. put down
c. put back d. put off
put是考生熟悉的詞，故此題難度不大，據(jù)題意put back 表放回原處，故選c。
[備考策略]
�、賹υ~義相近短語加強詞義辨析，如：make up(構(gòu)成，組成),take up(占據(jù)時間、空間)，keep up (保持)，hold up（延誤、舉起）；
�、诓糠衷~組本身就表被動，如：come up（被提出）；還有一部分詞組無被動語態(tài)，如：come about, break out等。
[過關(guān)訓(xùn)練]
6. (京04-35) i don’t ______rock roll. it’s much too noisy for my taste.
a. go after b. go away with
c. go into d. go in for
7. (津04-33 ) it was not a serious illness, and she soon _____it.
a. got over b. got on with
c. got around d. got out of
key d a
熱點三：動詞時態(tài)
[熱點透視]
進(jìn)行時、過去時和完成時是考試熱點。
[難點剖析]
�、賯溥x答案涉及不同時態(tài)的辨析，主要是：一般現(xiàn)在時和一般過去時、一般將來時和過去進(jìn)行時、過去進(jìn)行時或一般現(xiàn)在時和完成時、現(xiàn)在完成時和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時；
�、诮Y(jié)合時態(tài)、語態(tài)對考生進(jìn)行綜合考查。
[考題盤點]
8. (03-27) all morning as she waited for the medical report from the doctor, her nervousness______.
a. has grown b. is growing
c. grew d. had grown
據(jù)as可知主從句時態(tài)應(yīng)保持一致，故選c。
9 . (04-30) my mind wasn’t on what he was saying so i’m afraid i ____half of it.
a. was missing b. had missed
c. will miss d. missed
從連詞so得知前后句時態(tài)應(yīng)保持一致，據(jù)語境，故選d。
[備考策略]
深入情景，揣摩動作發(fā)生順序；重視題干暗示作用，如時間副詞、并列或從屬連詞等；善于運用時態(tài)呼應(yīng)規(guī)律。
[訓(xùn)練過關(guān)]
10. (京04-25) now that she is out of a job, lucy ____going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.
a. had considered b. has been considering
c. considered d. is going to consider
11. (津04-28) — what were you doing when tony phoned you?
— i had finished my work and_____ to take a shower.
a. had started b. started
c. have started d. was starting
key b d
熱點四：動詞語態(tài)
[熱點透視]
結(jié)合時態(tài)、語態(tài)對考生進(jìn)行綜合考查；在具體語境中恰當(dāng)選用語態(tài)能力。
[難點剖析]
�、賹�(gòu)成方式為“vt. +n. + prep.”的動詞短語故意變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)，增加試題的干擾性。
例 much attention should be paid to watching the patients.
②“get+p.p”也可表被動，也是考查熱點。
�、圻�有一些過去分詞已轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞，失去被動意義，如：hidden, dressed, lost, seated, etc. 僅表狀態(tài)。
�、苡弥鲃颖肀粍訋追N情況：vi.(write\open\sell\re-ad，etc.) 后跟副詞作狀語，說明主語特征;won’t +do ,表不起作用，句子主語為物，be worth doing ,sth +needs\demands\wants+doing 表示“需要”的意義。
[考題盤點]
12. （粵04-21）all the employees except the manager _____to work online at home.
a. encourages b. encourage
c. is encouraged d. are encouraged
據(jù)題意應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，故選d。
13. （滬04-30）the number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people _____to eat more fruit and vegetables.
a. persuade b. will persuade
c. be persuaded d. are persuaded
答案c形式不對，應(yīng)用被動語態(tài)，故選d。
[備考策略]全國卷近三年單純考查語態(tài)的題目沒有，結(jié)合時態(tài)對考生進(jìn)行考查是考試熱點；據(jù)題干所反映關(guān)系，即主動還是被動，從而恰當(dāng)選用語態(tài)。
[過關(guān)訓(xùn)練]
14. （京04-27)the mayor of beijing says that all construction work for the beijing olympics _____by 2008.
a. has been completed
b. has completed
c. will have been completed
d. will have completed
15. （蘇04-26）more patients _____in hospital this year than last year.
a. treated b. have treated
c. had been treated d. have been treated
key c d
熱點五：動詞語氣
[熱點透視]
祈使句結(jié)構(gòu)（結(jié)構(gòu)中連詞、陳述句的時態(tài)和直接以動詞開頭構(gòu)成的祈使句與非謂語動詞的區(qū)別是熱點。）
[難點剖析]
�、倨硎咕�(動詞或動詞短語)+and\or +謂語，用將來時或情態(tài)動詞的陳述句；
�、诜穸ńY(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成：直接在祈使句前加don’t\never；
�、鄯匆庖蓡柧涞臉�(gòu)成：以let’s…構(gòu)成的反意疑問句，用shall we提問；其余情況用will\ won’t you 提問。
[考題盤點]
16. (03-24) —sorry, joe. i didn’t mean to …
—don’t call me “joe”. i’m mr. parker,and _____ forget it!
a. do b. didn’t
c. did d. don’t
此題考查祈使句否定結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成，同時涉及時態(tài)。句末感嘆號很重要，據(jù)題意選d。
17.（04-22）let’s keep to the point or we _____any decisions.
a. will never reach b. have never reached
c. never reach d. never reached
據(jù)難點剖析得知，陳述句用將來時，故選a。
[備考策略]
近三年沒有出現(xiàn)有關(guān)虛擬語氣的題目，以前出現(xiàn)if條件句中虛擬語氣的基本用法；牢固掌握上述難點剖析中的第一條。
[過關(guān)訓(xùn)練]
18.（滬04-44)— english has a large vocabulary, hasn’t it?
—yes. _____more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.
a. know b. knowing
c. to know d. known
19.（鄂04-34） _____straight on and you’ll see a church. you won’t miss it.
a. go b. going
c. if you go d. when going
key a a
熱點六：系動詞
[熱點透視]
系動詞的基本用法；get+p.p。
[難點剖析]
�、傧祫釉~后跟形容詞或名詞作表語，不用被動語態(tài)，無進(jìn)行時。become后跟名詞作表語時，若名詞不表職位則保留冠詞；turn后不接冠詞。
②seem\look\appear的區(qū)別；
�、踓ontinue\stay\last\keep\remain既可作動詞又可作系動詞，注意各自不同用法。
單詞 意義區(qū)別 用法區(qū)別 相同點
appear 外表給人的印象，暗含事實并非如此 there appears to be; it appears that;sb appears to do 后跟to be；均可跟as if\like
seem 判斷有一定依據(jù)，接近事實 there seems to be; it seems that;sb seems to do
look 視覺給人的印象 sb looks to be
單詞 特殊用法
last 表“夠用，足夠維持”講，用作系動詞。如：the water supply should last another two days.作“延續(xù)、持續(xù)”講，后常接adv.\prep. 如：the hot weather will last for three days.；lasting
continue 延伸how far does the road continue? ；continue to do\doing; 繼續(xù)走、接著說we continued along the road for some time.；continued繼續(xù)地、連續(xù)地
remain 別人離開后繼續(xù)留在某地（指人或物）；it remains to be done有待于；it only remains for me to say\thank 我最后想說﹨感謝；remaining 剩余的；保存，留存few of his works remain.
stay 人臨時性地留在某地，過訪或做客；stay to diner\for lunch；stay home
keep 經(jīng)營; 贍養(yǎng)，飼養(yǎng)，照顧；keep doing ；保鮮、食物不壞eat the fish because it won’t keep till tomorrow.；慶祝，過（節(jié)日等）keep christmas
[考題盤點]
20. （03-30）why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? it will _____fresh for several days.
a. be stayed b. stay
c. be staying d. have stayed
系動詞不用于被動語態(tài)，故選b。
21. （04-28）sarah, hurry up. i’m afraid you won’t have time to _____before the party.
a. get changed b. get change
c. get changing d. get to change
此題考查get +p.p 的用法。此結(jié)構(gòu)既可表被動又可表狀態(tài)，故選a。
[備考策略]
�、僬莆粘Ｒ娤祫釉~的基本用法，如：come true, go bad, fall ill, grow rich等；
②聯(lián)系記憶turn \come out to be以及promise（表預(yù)示），make（表變?yōu)�，證明為，如：if you train hard, you will make a good teacher.)；consider\think\believe\suppose\etc.+ to be ，尤其是上述動詞用于被動語態(tài)中，務(wù)必注意to 后時態(tài)和語態(tài)。
例 the flu is believed to be caused by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.
[過關(guān)訓(xùn)練]
22. (鄂04-30) on hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, she _____pale.
a. got b. changed
c. went d. appeared
23. (滬04-34) the flowers _____sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.
a. to smell b. smelling
c. smelt d. to be smelt
key c b
熱點七：情態(tài)動詞
[熱點透視]
情態(tài)動詞表推測的用法；情態(tài)動詞的完成時。
[難點剖析]
must\can’t\shouldn’t\needn’t\ought to\etc.+ have done 的意義及用法；shall 用于二、三人稱表允諾，命令，警告，強制等；must, can, may表推測用法見下表。
單詞 用法
must 用于肯定句中，肯定語氣最強。must not表“禁止”。
can 不用于肯定句中，肯定語氣次之。若用于肯定句中，表偶爾一時的特征。can’t表“不可能”。
may 用于肯定句中，肯定語氣最弱。may not表“可能不”。
[考題盤點]
24.(03-28) a left-luggage office is a place where bags ______be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.
a. should b. can
c. must d. will
此題考查can表可以、能夠的用法，故選b。
25.(04-29) — isn’t that ann’s husband over there?
— no, it ____be him—i’m sure he doesn’t wear glasses.
a. can’t b. must not
c. won’t d. may not
can’t 表不可能，語氣肯定，破折號加以注釋，據(jù)題意，選a。
[備考策略]
�、倏忌鷳�(yīng)熟練掌握情態(tài)動詞used to\would表過去常常的區(qū)別；can\may表許可的區(qū)別；should\ought to表應(yīng)該的區(qū)別；could\be able to表能力的區(qū)別。
�、趥�(cè)重于情態(tài)動詞表推測的用法和情態(tài)動詞的完成時。
[過關(guān)訓(xùn)練]
26. (遼04-29) —mum, i’ve been studying english since 8 o’clock. _____i go out and play with tom for a while?
— no, i’m afraid not. besides, it’s raining outside now.
a. can’t b. wouldn’t
c. may not d. won’t
27. (浙04-26) i ____pay tracy a visit, but i’m not sure whether i will have time this sunday.
a. should b. might
c. would d. could
key a a
熱點八：非謂語動詞
[熱點透視]
非謂語動詞作狀語、定語和補語
[難點剖析]
�、俜侵^語動詞作狀語：注意前后邏輯主語一致；結(jié)合省略對考生進(jìn)行綜合考查；區(qū)別祈使句式和并列結(jié)構(gòu)，關(guān)注標(biāo)點符號，在解題時尤為關(guān)鍵。
�、诜侵^語動詞作定語：不定式作定語表動作尚未發(fā)生，與所修飾名詞構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系。若不定式邏輯主語同時也為句子主語，用主動表被動，反之用被動(如：i’m leaving on business. do you have anything to be taken there?)，另還需注意不及物動詞加介詞；現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表動作正在進(jìn)行或習(xí)慣性經(jīng)常性動作；過去分詞作定語表動作完成，與所修飾名詞構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系。
③非謂語動詞作補語：能后跟非謂語動詞作賓補的動詞數(shù)量有限，格外注意使役動詞和感官動詞；為增加試題的干擾性，將賓語和補語分離改作定語從句的先行詞(如：the managers discussed the plan that they would like to see carried out the next year.)或?qū)⒆髻e補改作主補(如：the missing boys were last seen playing near the river.)；注意“with+ n.\pron.+補語”結(jié)構(gòu)的用法。
�、軇釉~不定式作狀語、定語時，注意避開定向思維的干擾。
例 which do you enjoy to kill your spare time—watching tv or playing football?
�、菀蓡栐~+to do 的用法。
例 it is said that in australia there is more land than the government knows what to do with it.
[考題盤點]
28. (02-34) the research is so designed that once ____nothing can be done to change it.
a. begins b. having begun
c. beginning d. begun
此題結(jié)合省略考查過去分詞的用法，完整的從句為once it was begun,故選d。
29. (03-22) a cook will be immediately fired if he is found _____in the kitchen.
a. smoke b. smoking
c. to smoke d. smoked
現(xiàn)在分詞作主補，是find+n.+doing sth的變形，故選b。
[備考策略]
明辨關(guān)系，看動作進(jìn)展，充分考慮時態(tài)和語態(tài)，慎重選擇三種形式。
[過關(guān)訓(xùn)練]
30. (京04-29)_____in the queue for half an hour, tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.
a. to wait b. have waited
c. having waited d. to have waited
31. （滬04-35）the disk, digitally ____in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.
a. recorded b. recording
c. to be recorded d. having recorded
key：c a
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