托�？荚囌Z(yǔ)法解題技巧之獨(dú)立成分出國(guó)考試
托�？荚囌Z(yǔ)法解題技巧：獨(dú)立成分
這一口訣主要是用來(lái)解"填空"題的.我們所遇到的情況更多是題干的句子較長(zhǎng)而且關(guān)系復(fù)雜,如按傳統(tǒng)的方法先搞清楚句子內(nèi)部關(guān)系,分辨出句子的基本意思,再找出相應(yīng)缺少的成分------不但耗時(shí)很多,而且把握不大.這里,我們介紹的方法則簡(jiǎn)便了許多:將具有"獨(dú)立"意義的句子成分去掉------如果這時(shí)主句不缺少成分的'化,也不予以考慮------只考慮剩下,不"獨(dú)立"的成分.這樣,關(guān)系簡(jiǎn)單了,正確答案也就容易找到了.而且絕大部分情況下,在"語(yǔ)法"層次-----即不弄懂句義的情況下-----即可選出正確答案.
那么,都有哪些成分時(shí)"獨(dú)立成分"呢?主要有以下幾種:
1.副詞和不是用作前置定語(yǔ)的分詞;
2.不定式,介詞,分詞,同位語(yǔ)等短語(yǔ);
3.所有的從句.
這種方式究竟有多大的作用呢?下面我們來(lái)看幾個(gè)例句:
(7) Geophysicists have collaborated with archaeologists and anthropologists to study the magnetic properties of pottery and fireplaces at sites ------ by early humans.
A. occupied
B. occupying
C. which
D. were occupied
如果按照上面提到的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)去衡量,這個(gè)句子的題干就應(yīng)該時(shí)這樣的:
(Geophysicists have collaborated主句)(with archaeologists and anthropologists介詞短語(yǔ))(to study the magnetic properties不定式短語(yǔ))(of pottery and fireplaces介詞短語(yǔ))(at sites介詞短語(yǔ))------(by early humans.介詞短語(yǔ))
將這些"獨(dú)立成分"都去掉后就只剩下"Geophysicists have collaborated".由于題干的主句及其它部分都不缺少成分,作為答案的選項(xiàng)也必須是一個(gè)"獨(dú)立成分".在不考慮詞義的情況下,A,B,C3個(gè)選項(xiàng)似乎都可以.但是,如果B項(xiàng)可以的話,C也一定可以.反面證明兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)都不行,答案自然是A了.
(8) During the late fifteenth century, ------ of the native societies fo America had professions in the fields of arts and crafts.
A. only a few
B. a few but
C. few, but only
D. a few only
還是按照前面提到的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)去衡量,這個(gè)句子的題干部分就會(huì)變成下面這樣:
(During the late fifteenth century介詞短語(yǔ)),-----(of the native societies fo America介詞短語(yǔ))had professions (in the fields介詞短語(yǔ))(of arts and crafts介詞短語(yǔ)).
把獨(dú)立成分去掉后就只剩下"------ had professions".一眼即可看出,句子缺少主語(yǔ).答案自然就是A了.
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