托福閱讀答題方法技巧主要有哪些
掌握托福閱讀答題的技巧，不僅能提高閱讀速度，還能提高答題的準(zhǔn)確率。下面是百分網(wǎng)小編整理的托福閱讀答題方法技巧，希望對(duì)你有幫助。
托福閱讀答題技巧
1.擴(kuò)大托福詞匯量
從某種意義上來講，詞匯量的大小是TOEFL閱讀理解高分的基礎(chǔ)和關(guān)鍵。如果詞匯量沒有達(dá)到基本要求(五千以上)，縱然你有"葵花寶典"在手，也只能命喪ETS的“毒招”之下。所以，以犧牲詞匯量為代價(jià)的技巧練習(xí)簡直是一味巨毒無比的“五毒散”。
2.通過練習(xí)使學(xué)生養(yǎng)成高效的閱讀方法--即所謂的托福閱讀技巧
TOEFL的閱讀量非常大，一般的中國考生根本無法把文章全部讀完，所謂的“掃讀法”、“跳讀法”和“略讀法”也只能適用于少數(shù)類型的文章，根本不能解決本質(zhì)問題。那么，文章到底應(yīng)該怎么讀法呢?一句話，主動(dòng)地閱讀文章的關(guān)鍵部位。所謂主動(dòng)是指不能象一般的閱讀那樣完全被動(dòng)地接受信息，而應(yīng)該不斷的進(jìn)行思考和預(yù)測(cè);所謂關(guān)鍵部位，主要是每一段的開頭和結(jié)尾部分。由于TOEFL的閱讀理解文章全部選自于正式出版物，文章的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)非常完整和嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)，而且出現(xiàn)的邏輯模式也是屈指可數(shù)。經(jīng)過系統(tǒng)的訓(xùn)練，考生的預(yù)測(cè)可以做到非常準(zhǔn)確的程度。這樣，通過閱讀文章的幾處關(guān)鍵部位，就能很快地把握整個(gè)文章的結(jié)構(gòu)和內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系，也就解決了問題的70%。
3.解題訓(xùn)練
排除法恐怕是一直以來大多數(shù)學(xué)生在解閱讀理題目時(shí)使用最多的方法。事實(shí)上，這種方法具有致命的缺點(diǎn)：干擾大、費(fèi)時(shí)間。更有效和迅速的辦法是讀完題干之后，就在腦子反映出一個(gè)模糊的或者是不完整的答案，然后直接在選項(xiàng)中尋找接近的答案進(jìn)行判斷。這種能力必須在平時(shí)的訓(xùn)練和講解中逐漸養(yǎng)成和加強(qiáng)，決非什么技巧之類的東西可以替代。
托福閱讀備考時(shí)的提分技巧
技巧一丶略讀
略讀就是要抓住文章主旨和重要信息，像文章的主題·時(shí)間·任務(wù)等重要的信息，能夠借此迅速的掌握文章的大意以及段落大意。然后閱讀問題，根據(jù)問題迅速的定位答案，對(duì)答案大概所在段落進(jìn)行精讀。
在進(jìn)行文章略讀時(shí)我們要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：
1.快速閱讀每篇文章，并且理解文章的主題以及結(jié)構(gòu)，著重讀第一段的前面幾句，以及其他段的第一句，閱讀中注意文章中經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵詞和詞組。
2.解答問題要快速，無法立刻打出來的題目，使用排除法答題。
3.答題時(shí)要準(zhǔn)確規(guī)劃時(shí)間，不要在一個(gè)題上面畫太多時(shí)間，大致規(guī)劃每道題的答題時(shí)間，按難易規(guī)劃，到時(shí)間就略過此題，在后面空余時(shí)間再來做。
4.考前進(jìn)行模擬，熟悉電腦考試時(shí)的機(jī)考屏幕，并且熟練機(jī)考操作以及運(yùn)用。
技巧二丶學(xué)會(huì)猜題
在托�？荚囍�，錯(cuò)題是不扣分的，因此在考試時(shí)留白是不正確的，這個(gè)也可以用排除法來猜，按自己理解答題，先不論對(duì)錯(cuò)。
技巧三丶閱讀時(shí)隨手記筆記
在閱讀時(shí)，把每一段文章的大意用1到3個(gè)詞標(biāo)記出來(這個(gè)不硬性要求，言簡意賅就行)。長篇文章在略讀完后迅速掌握文章大意，構(gòu)建基本大綱，對(duì)答題提供幫助。
技巧四丶充分利用上下文語境
在考試中，通常所有的單詞或句子，我們不可能全部認(rèn)識(shí)以及看懂，這種情況，我們就要學(xué)會(huì)從上下文中已知的信息，以此來構(gòu)架完整的文章結(jié)構(gòu)，來對(duì)句意進(jìn)行合理的推測(cè)。
技巧五丶大量閱讀報(bào)刊文章
閱讀大量的報(bào)刊文章，或者大量的外國書籍，因?yàn)橥懈ｉ喿x的大部分文章都是關(guān)于自然科學(xué).社會(huì)科學(xué).商務(wù)和藝術(shù)方面的，所以平時(shí)就要多讀些這種題材方面的文章，在平時(shí)先從自己喜歡的內(nèi)容看，培養(yǎng)興趣，學(xué)會(huì)享受英文閱讀的快樂。
托福閱讀提速提分的5大方法
1. Improve Your Reading Speed
提高你的閱讀速度
Time is of the essence when it comes to the TOEFL. In fact, all other things being equal, good timing and the ability to pace yourself can make or break your TOEFL score.
在托福考試?yán)飼r(shí)間就是精華。事實(shí)上，在其它方面相同的情況下，優(yōu)秀的時(shí)間支配和提高自己速度可以決定你的托福成績的高低。
In other sections, time is specifically called out. For example, when you are speaking, you will have 15 seconds to prepare an answer and 45 seconds to record it. In the Listening section, you can only hear the dialogue when it is played out to you.
在考試的其它部分，特地強(qiáng)調(diào)了時(shí)間。比如，口語部分，你有15秒準(zhǔn)備答案和45秒錄下答案;聽力部分，你只能在播放音頻的時(shí)候聽到對(duì)話。
The Reading section is where a sense of time and pace will need to come from you and you alone. You need to judge how much time you have left to complete the readings and give your answers.
閱讀部分對(duì)時(shí)間的感覺和做題的速度是靠你自己的，而且只能由你自己掌控。你需要判斷還剩下多少閱讀和作答的時(shí)間
This is trickier than it seems, because you will be faced by not one difficult-to-understand text, but several (three or four).
這比看起來更難做到，因?yàn)槟阋獙?duì)的不是一篇難懂的文章，而是幾篇(三篇或四篇)。
The Reading section can have up to 56 questions for 3 or 4 passages, and the maximum time given for the section is 80 minutes. That means you will have only 5 minutes to read each text and about 1 minute to answer each question in the Reading section.
閱讀部分你需要在80分鐘內(nèi)閱讀三四篇文章，回答56個(gè)問題。這就意味著每篇文章你只能用5分鐘來讀，每個(gè)問題只能花1分鐘作答。
If you want to have more time to answer the questions, you will need read each passage in just 3 or 4 minutes—and you’re probably going to want to read each passage more than once. That’s tough!
如果你想花更多時(shí)間來作答，你就必須在三四分鐘內(nèi)讀完文章，而且很大可能需要讀好幾遍，那非常困難。
To succeed, you’ll need start improving your reading speed.
想要成功，你就需要開始提高快速閱讀的能力了。
Time yourself when you study for the test and note how long it takes you to go through a given passage. You will likely notice that you slow down when your level of comprehension drops down, and that’s normal! When you understand less, you need to slow down and read more carefully.
為考試練習(xí)的時(shí)候給自己計(jì)時(shí)并且記下自己讀完一篇文章用了多久。你很可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)你讀得慢的時(shí)候，理解水平也跟著下降了，這很正常!理解的越少，你就需要慢下來讀得更仔細(xì)。
Everyone reads at a different pace. Your task is to make your reading pace slightly faster for the very specific test-taking situation, so you can switch gears and go into full-speed mode if you need to.
每個(gè)人的閱讀速度都不一樣。你的任務(wù)是把閱讀速度保持在比自己的正常速度快一點(diǎn)，這樣你就能在需要的時(shí)候換擋進(jìn)入全速模式。
Apart from studying TOEFL-style academic passages, be sure to read other English language material as well. Read English literature, newspapers and magazines—reading a variety of English writing styles will help improve your reading speed.
除了學(xué)習(xí)托福類型的學(xué)術(shù)文章，一定要閱讀其它的英語材料。閱讀英語文學(xué)、報(bào)紙和雜志——閱讀很多的英語閱讀風(fēng)格可以幫助你提高閱讀速度。
2. Work on Your Comprehension Speed
提高你的理解速度
Once you have worked on your reading speed and are comfortable gulping down a complex English passage in less time (in under 4 minutes, to be precise), you are ready for the next step.
一旦你已經(jīng)提高了閱讀速度并且對(duì)于在短時(shí)間內(nèi)(準(zhǔn)確地說，在4分鐘內(nèi))大致閱讀一篇復(fù)雜的英語文章沒有不適感，你就已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備好進(jìn)行下一步了。
Now you need to teach yourself to remain calm and avoid stressing out when you encounter an unfamiliar word. The reading section will be full of challenging words you have not seen before. They put in challenging words that you probably do not know on purpose.
現(xiàn)在你需要自學(xué)在遇到不熟悉的生詞是保持冷靜、避免壓力。閱讀部分滿是你從沒見過的難詞。他們會(huì)故意放你不會(huì)的難詞。
The reading section will ask you to deduce meaning and infer information from words you do not understand.
閱讀部分會(huì)要求你解釋詞義和用不理解的詞推斷信息。
This is what the reading section is actually testing. Not your ability to memorize a thesaurus before the test, but your skill at dealing with vocabulary words that you do not know. Not knowing a word is not only normal, but it is expected from speakers of English as a foreign language.
這才是閱讀部分真正考察的部分。不是你考前背完詞典的能力，而是你應(yīng)對(duì)沒見過的詞匯的能力。不懂一個(gè)詞不僅很正常，而且對(duì)于英語非母語的人是很常見的。
When you stumble across a word you do not understand, your first reaction might be to check Google Translate or consult a dictionary. When these tools are not available, you may panic and get hung up on trying to understand the word, wasting time that is extremely valuable for you during the TOEFL.
當(dāng)你遇到一個(gè)不懂的生詞的時(shí)候，你的第一反應(yīng)可能是查查谷歌翻譯或者查字典。當(dāng)不能使用那些工具的時(shí)候，你就可能很慌張并且停在那里試圖搞懂這個(gè)單詞，浪費(fèi)了在托�？荚囍心銟O其寶貴的時(shí)間。
Well, relax.
嗯，放松吧。
Force yourself to skip that unknown word and continue reading. Often, you will find that the meaning of the whole text is easy to understand, even if you did not understand a few words. Cool, right?
強(qiáng)迫你自己跳過那些生詞，繼續(xù)讀下去。通常你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)整篇文章的意思其實(shí)很好懂，哪怕你不理解幾個(gè)單詞的意思，也沒關(guān)系，不是嗎?
3. Learn Specific Vocabulary
學(xué)點(diǎn)專有名詞
Even though you will encounter unknown words, developing a nice and wide vocabulary never hurt anyone. When you study for the Reading section of the TOEFL, whether you are at home or in class, go ahead and look up words you don’t understand!
盡管你會(huì)遇到生詞，但是擁有豐富廣泛的詞匯量又沒有壞處。在你準(zhǔn)備托�？荚嚨�'時(shí)候，不管你在家還是在課上，直接查你不會(huì)的單詞。
Since you are practicing for the Reading section of the TOEFL, try to read every text completely without looking up any words. After you have read the whole text and tried to understand everything on your own, then you may look up words. This is very similar to the actual testing situation.
既然你在準(zhǔn)備托福閱讀，試著不查單詞讀完整篇文章。在你讀完整篇文章之后，試著自己理解，然后你就可以查單詞了。這和真正的考試情況很相似。
Make a list of unfamiliar words and translate them using an English-to-English dictionary. This is important! You must avoid the temptation to use a dictionary which translates words from English to your native language. Don’t give in!
制作一個(gè)不熟悉的單詞表，用英英詞典來翻譯。這很重要!你必須避免想要用自己母語翻譯單詞的欲望。不要屈服。
The English-to-English dictionary will be very helpful to you. Not only will you read a clear English explanation for the word you do not understand, you will also familiarize yourself with synonyms (similar words) and antonyms (opposite words). Hint, hint! This is hugely useful and very much applicable to TOEFL.
英英詞典對(duì)你來說非常有用。你不僅會(huì)讀到生詞的清晰英文解釋，還可以熟悉同義詞和反義詞。提示!提示!這對(duì)于托�？荚嚪浅Ｓ杏枚铱刹僮鳌�
Your vocabulary will grow and so will your confidence. By the time you get to your test day, you will have a much larger English vocabulary to help you out.
你的自信會(huì)隨著詞匯量一起增長。到你考試的那天，你就會(huì)有能幫助你的巨大詞匯量。
4. Keep Moving
一直讀下去
Timing is everything in TOEFL.
時(shí)間支配是托福考試的一切。
When it comes to the Reading section, remember that you will not have more than 4 minutes per passage, so do not get hung up on every passage. Try not to stop! Keep moving no matter what.
到閱讀部分的時(shí)候，記住每篇文章不能花超過4分鐘，所以不要停在每篇文章上!不顧一切地讀下去。
There are multiple passages on the test, and you are guaranteed to feel more comfortable with one or another. Some will seem harder and some will seem easier. Skim the passage, note key words in sentences, leave unfamiliar terms behind and keep in mind that TOEFL passages may contain words that even native speakers don’t typically know.
考試有好幾篇文章，肯定會(huì)有一兩篇你覺得簡單的。有難懂的文章，也有簡單的文章。略讀文章，記下句子里的關(guān)鍵詞，不要管不熟悉的術(shù)語，要記住有些托�？荚�?yán)锏纳~連母語是英語的人也不一定懂的。
Keep in mind that the TOEFL is highly specific.
要記住托�？荚囀欠浅Ｃ鞔_的。
You may see a question like: “The word X on line Y is closest in meaning to…” with four choices of words following. Rest assured—most of the choices will sound similar or have very similar meanings, so you will need to read the text carefully to identify the correct answer.
你可能會(huì)看到這樣的問題：“在Y行的單詞X和下列含義最相近的是?”下面會(huì)有四個(gè)單詞給你選擇�？梢源_定的是，大部分選擇都很相似或者有很相似的意思，所以你需要仔細(xì)讀文章來確定正確答案。
5. Use the Line Numbering
利用行數(shù)標(biāo)記
The TOEFL quirk of numbering every fifth line in the passage is meant to help you navigate to the words or sentences referred to in the questions. Practice locating specific lines by the numbers provided—you might be surprised by how much time you can actually waste looking for line 29 or 47!
托福官方每五行會(huì)做標(biāo)記，是為了幫助你問題中提到的單詞或句子。練習(xí)用給你的數(shù)字定位特定的一行——你也許會(huì)被自己找29行或47行用的時(shí)間震驚到!
That being said, when starting your actual TOEFL, take a deep breath and do not let the Reading section tire you out.
那就是說，開始托�？荚嚨臅r(shí)候，深呼吸，不要被考試?yán)鄣健?/p>
You have practiced and studied enough, and it is now time to demonstrate your excellent English reading skills!
你已經(jīng)準(zhǔn)備和學(xué)習(xí)得足夠多了，現(xiàn)在就是展示你出色的英語閱讀技巧的時(shí)間啦!
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