如何做好高考英語(yǔ)單選題
一、學(xué)會(huì)審題，注意把握問題的著重點(diǎn)
仔細(xì)審題是解題的最基本要求，疏忽大意很容易造成誤選。
---What happened to the priceless works of art?
--- _______.
A. They were destroyed in the earthquake
B. The earthquake was destroying them
C. They destroyed in the earthquake
D. The earthquake destroyed them
析：此題問題的著重點(diǎn)是“藝術(shù)品怎么啦”而不是針對(duì)“地震”而言，因此，最佳選項(xiàng)應(yīng)為A。
二、結(jié)合上下語(yǔ)境，推出正確答案
此類題多為截取的生活場(chǎng)景，句式靈活，用詞地道，表現(xiàn)出用語(yǔ)言來解決實(shí)際生活的問題，因此，不能死套語(yǔ)法框框，而應(yīng)重在對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解和把握，進(jìn)行具體情況具體分析，選出符合邏輯行文的`正確選項(xiàng)。例：
1. ---You seem to have lost your way. _______?
---Yes, I'm looking for Wangfujing Street.
A. Are you looking for something
B. Where are you going
C. Need help
D. What are you looking for
析：根據(jù)上下語(yǔ)境的線索推測(cè)出問話人“詢問對(duì)方是否需要幫忙”，因此答案應(yīng)為C。
2．We have't enough books for______ ; some of you will have to share.
A. somebody
B. anyone
C. everybody
D. nobody
析：根據(jù)下文“some of you will have to share”可判斷出“書籍不夠每人一本”，因此正確選項(xiàng)為C。
三、抓住關(guān)鍵詞，打開解題的切入點(diǎn)
很多情況下，題干上會(huì)有一個(gè)關(guān)鍵詞的提示，只要快速鎖定該詞，不但能找準(zhǔn)答案，而且還能節(jié)省寶貴的時(shí)間，提高解題速度。
1．Years ago, we didn't know this, but recent science______that people who don't sleep well soon get ill.
A. showed
B. has shown
C. will show
D. is showing
析：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“recent”判斷正確答案為B。
2．The group, ____ by Tseng Yungchuan, arrived in Beijing on Wednesday to help push for Taiwan to be opened to mainland tourists.
A. leads
B. leading
C. led
D. having led
析：根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞“by”判斷，正確答案為C。
四、關(guān)注標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)能快速鎖定最佳選項(xiàng)
英語(yǔ)的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)常常是我們借以判斷最佳選項(xiàng)的重要信號(hào)，因此，我們?cè)趯忣}時(shí)要特別注意它的功能，不同的標(biāo)點(diǎn)有不同的作用。
1、--- ______ a second time, will the man have one more try?
--- I'm sure he will.
A. Turn down
B. If turning down
C. He was turned down
D. If turned down
析：根據(jù)逗號(hào)“,”的功能判斷，逗號(hào)的前部分要么是從句要么是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（短語(yǔ)）或獨(dú)立主格，此空應(yīng)用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，所以答案選D。
2. _____ some exercise every day —I'm sure you'll get fit sooner or later.
A. To take
B. taking
C. Have taken
D. Take
析：破折號(hào)“——”相當(dāng)于“and”，前后結(jié)構(gòu)應(yīng)保持平衡，因此答案為D。
五、巧妙運(yùn)用“排除法”，既方便又快捷
有時(shí)四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中一眼掃過去，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)有三個(gè)是不可能的，這時(shí)采用“排除法”是最明智不過的。
With a lot of difficult problems ______, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled
B settling
C. to settle
D. being settled
析：既然“新總統(tǒng)現(xiàn)在的日子不好過”；“許多問題需要去解決”即發(fā)生在將來應(yīng)用不定式，排除其余選項(xiàng)，正確答案為C。
六、采用“還原法”，再現(xiàn)廬山真面目
有些句子設(shè)題上具有一定的隱蔽性和迷惑性，原因是它已改變了原先的句式或省去了一些內(nèi)容，使我們從表面上不容易辨別出其句型結(jié)構(gòu)，增加了理解的難度。這時(shí)巧妙使用“還原法”能大大降低句子的難度，使人豁然開朗，茅塞頓開。
1、The more he thought about it, the more questions he thought of_____.
A. to be asked
B. being asked
C. asking
D. to ask
析：此題用介詞“of”設(shè)陷阱，受定勢(shì)影響會(huì)誤選-ing形式，但若能把后面部分還原為“he thought of more questions to ask”，就能斷出正確答案為D。
2. ---Can I help you?
---Yes, please. Do you have any books on cooking?
---There are only a few, _______.
A. if any
B. if have
C. if some
D. if do
析：最后一句為省略句，補(bǔ)充完整為“…, if there are any.”，得知正確答案為A。
七、去掉插入語(yǔ)，化繁為簡(jiǎn)
有時(shí)設(shè)題特意加上插入語(yǔ)，使句型顯得繁雜，這時(shí)只要去掉插入語(yǔ)，題干就簡(jiǎn)單明了，一目了然了。
---Is that the small town you often refer to?
---Right, just the one_____ you know I used to work for years.
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. what
析：去掉插入語(yǔ)“you know”就知道答案為C。
八、以邏輯為主線，敲定答案
留意非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與句子主語(yǔ)的邏輯聯(lián)系能迅速圈定答案，如下題正確答案應(yīng)為C。
While watching television, ________.
A. the doorbell rang
B. a black cat suddenly ran in
C. we heard the doorbell ring
D. an unexpected visitor came to visit me
九、通過對(duì)比關(guān)系，鎖定目標(biāo)
句中如含有thoughalthoughtut howeverwhile等表示對(duì)比關(guān)系的詞時(shí)，我們就可根據(jù)前后的關(guān)系確定正答案。
1. They wanted to charge ＄5000 for the car, but we ______to bring the price down.
A. tried
B. managed
C. failed
D. had
析：根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系得知“設(shè)法做成了……”，故選B。
2.---I think George does't really care for TV plays.
---Right, _____ he still watches the program.
A. and
B. but
C. or
D. so
析：通過前后內(nèi)容對(duì)比，“不喜歡看電視劇”與“仍然”是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but.
十、掌握固定句型，許多問題可迎刃而解
鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生自己歸納在學(xué)習(xí)中常見的一些固定句式，這對(duì)于提高單選題的準(zhǔn)確率及書面表達(dá)的規(guī)范性都有好處。如，“祈使句+andor + Sb. will …”；“It +be +some time +before …”；“It wasn't until…that…”等。
The flu is believed_____by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.
A. causing
B. being caused
C. to be caused
D. to have caused
析：“Sth.Sb. be said elieved to +V…”為固定句式，再結(jié)合“by”判斷這里應(yīng)用被動(dòng)，故選C。
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