四級英文的中文翻譯與解析

　　四級翻譯（10.26）

　　2008年11月9日，中國政府出臺了進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大內(nèi)需、促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的十項(xiàng)措施，預(yù)計(jì)在未來兩年時(shí)間內(nèi)投資4萬億人民幣。中國政府在例行的中央經(jīng)濟(jì)工作會議召開之前突然宣布該方案，既顯示了中國政府抗擊金融危機(jī)、防范經(jīng)濟(jì)增長下滑的信心，也反映了中國政府對國內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長前景的預(yù)期明顯惡化。該方案剛一出臺便引發(fā)世界范圍內(nèi)高度關(guān)注，并直接推動全球股市上漲。然而，由于中國政府并未在第一時(shí)間詳細(xì)披露該方案實(shí)施細(xì)則，近日來圍繞該方案的猜測與爭議綿延不絕。

　　答案與解析:

　　On 9 November, 2008, Chinese government has put forth ten Measurements to further drive up domestic demands and promote economic growth.An investment of RMB 4 trillion is expected to be earmarked in the following two years.The government's unexpected announcement of this incentive package prior to the routine central government economic meeting asuggests not only the government's confidence in fighting against the global financial crisis and preventing the economic downturn,but also its prudence in estimating the domestic growth in economy.Right after its announcement,this package drew the eyes worldwide,and spurred the global stock markets.However,lasting doubts and disputes haver risen recently,as the government failed to disclose the relevant details at the first time.

　　然而，由于中國政府并未在第一時(shí)間詳細(xì)披露該方案實(shí)施細(xì)則，近日來圍繞該方案的猜測與爭議綿延不絕。

　　本句主要考察對“并未在第一時(shí)間詳細(xì)披露該方案實(shí)施細(xì)則”的處理。通常在翻譯“并未”或者“沒有做…”等否定詞時(shí)，直接譯為動詞fail或者名詞failure。文中的“圍繞”轉(zhuǎn)譯稱形容詞relevant。

　　四級翻譯（10.27）

　　截至2005年第三季度，全國勞動力市場供求狀況顯示，我國15歲至29歲的青年總體失業(yè)率達(dá)到了9％，遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于4.5％的城鎮(zhèn)平均登記失業(yè)率。而在此之中，選擇主動失業(yè)的占到了一半以上。

　　“主動放棄就業(yè)機(jī)會的原因很多，但這些人都有一個共性，就是不會因?yàn)榻?jīng)濟(jì)原因餓死。至少在短時(shí)間內(nèi)�！睆�(fù)旦大學(xué)教授葛劍雄認(rèn)為，社會發(fā)展到現(xiàn)在，一些青年人的確具備了可以失業(yè)的條件。他們不用像上班族那樣刻板地工作，可是相比之下他們的生活卻格外“富足”。

　　答案與解析:

　　Update to the third quarter of 2005,the supply and demand of the whole nation's labor force market indicated that the overall unemployment rate of our country's youth from the age of 15 to 29 was up to 9%,which was much higher than 4.5% of the average rural area register unemployment rate.Among this group,the number of people actively choosing to be unemployed was more than a half.

　　“There are many reasons to give up the chance of employment,but those people have a common feature that they do not starve for economic reasons at least in a short period.”The professor Ge Jianxiong of Fudan University thought that some young people indeed had the conditions to be unemployed as the society develops to nowadays.They do not need to work routinely like the office workers,but comparatively their life was extremely “well-off”.

　　“選擇主動失業(yè)”翻譯為:“choosing to be unemployed”。

　　四級翻譯（10.23）

　　在中國，人們對一切藝術(shù)的藝術(shù)，即生活的藝術(shù)，懂得很多。一個較為年輕的文明國家可能會致力于進(jìn)步；然而一個古老的文明國度，自然在人生的歷程上見多識廣，她所感興趣的自然是如何過好生活。就中國而言，由于有了中國的人文主義精神，把人當(dāng)作一切事物的中心，把人類幸福當(dāng)做知識的終結(jié)，于是，強(qiáng)調(diào)生活的藝術(shù)就是更為自然的事情了。但即使沒有人文主義，一個古老的文明也一定會有一個不同的價(jià)值尺度，只有這樣，它才會知道什么是“持久的生活樂趣”。任何一個民族，如果它不知道如何享受生活，那么，在我們的眼里，這個民族一定是粗野的，不文明的。

　　答案與解析:

　　In China,people know a lot about the art of all arts,namely,the art of life.A comparatively young country will dedicate to the progress;however,an ancient civilized country is experienced and knowledgeable in the life road,and naturally she is interested in how to lead a good life.As to China,it is much more natural to emphasize the art of life because of the humanism spirit of China,taking people as the center of everything and making human being's happiness as the end of knowledge.Even if there is no humanism,an ancient civilization would also have its own value standard,and only in this way would it know what the “l(fā)asting life pleasure”is.Any nation,if it does not know how to enjoy life,must be barbaric and uncivilized in our eyes.

　　基本素質(zhì)采分點(diǎn)。可譯為humanism spirit。

　　任何一個民族，如果它不知道如何享受生活，那么，在我們的眼里，這個民族一定是粗野的，不文明的。

　　中文句子結(jié)構(gòu)比較松散，在翻譯成英文時(shí)我們要盡量使句子間有明顯的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)。這里“如果…”引導(dǎo)的分句可以作為條件從句前置或內(nèi)嵌在主句中，“任何一個民族”就可以做主句的主語。

　　四級翻譯（10.22）

　　對于一名女子來說，傳統(tǒng)美是她的'唯一標(biāo)志。她的皮膚應(yīng)該天生麗質(zhì)，沒有皺紋，沒有疤痕，沒有瑕疵。她的身材應(yīng)該消瘦苗條，通常高挑個，雙腿修長，其中青春年少則是首要條件。所有在電視廣告中出現(xiàn)的“花容月貌”的靚女都符合這個標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。這種形象是認(rèn)為的，是可以人工塑造的。許多婦女盡其所能來擺布和修改自己的容貌體態(tài)。

　　答案:

　　To a woman,the traditional beauty is her only mark.Her skin should be born smooth without wrinkles,scars or flaws.Her body should be slim and thin,and usually she is tall,having long legs.The youth is the primary condition.All of the beauties who have showed up in the TV commercials are fit for that criterion.This image is artificial and can be made by people.Many women do their best to decorate and modify their looks and figures.

　　她的皮膚應(yīng)該天生麗質(zhì)，沒有皺紋，沒有疤痕，沒有瑕疵。

　　本句中的“皺紋”，“疤痕”，“瑕疵”應(yīng)選擇意思最接近的英語詞匯，可以譯為wrinkle,scar,flaw。

　　四級翻譯（10.21）

　　中國公司想創(chuàng)造世界品牌，外國公司想增加在中國的銷量，這些都正改變著中國的設(shè)計(jì)產(chǎn)業(yè)。中國制造商意識到，若他們想在本國市場脫穎而出，在外國市場嶄露頭角，就必須設(shè)計(jì)更好的產(chǎn)品。索尼這樣的外國公司也開始明白，從前海外公司常把隨便什么地方設(shè)計(jì)的產(chǎn)品拿到中國來賣，而現(xiàn)在，中國消費(fèi)者變得更加挑剔，他們不再那樣容易滿足了。

　　答案與解析:

　　Chinese companies want to create world brands and the foreign companies want to increase the selling in China which all change the Chinese design industry.The Chinese manufacturers realize that they have to design better products if they want to stand out in the domestic markets as well as distinguish themselves in the foreign markets.Previously,the overseas caompanies always took the products which were designed in somewhere to Chinese market,but now the foreign companies such as Sony begins to realize that the Chinese consumers become more and more fastidious and no longer easy to be satisfied.

　　這里的“脫穎而出”和“嶄露頭角意思相近”，我們盡量選擇不同的譯法，兩個詞語可以分別譯為“stand out”和“distinguish themselves”。

　　四級翻譯（10.20）

　　1936年竺可楨授命出任浙江大學(xué)校長。在此之前，他已經(jīng)是一位聲名卓著的自然科學(xué)家了。從1936年到1949年，竺可楨當(dāng)了十三年大學(xué)校長。在連綿不斷的戰(zhàn)爭、學(xué)運(yùn)的夾縫中，在極為惡劣的環(huán)境下，他跋涉五千里、五易校址、歷經(jīng)五省、顛沛流離，居然將這所他接手時(shí)只有三個學(xué)院、十六個系的大學(xué)辦成了擁有七個學(xué)院、二十七個學(xué)系全國最完整的兩所大學(xué)之一。

　　答案與解析:

　　In 1936,Zhu Kezhen was appointed as the principal of Zhejiang University.Even before then,he had been a famous natural scientist.From 1936 to 1949,Zhu Kezhen worked as the university principal for 13 years.In the extremely hostile environment filled with converging attacks by continuous wars and various university affairs,being homeless and miserable,he trudged 5,000 li and drifted from place to place through 5 provinces,with the university location being changed 5 times.He actually developed the university into one of the nation's two most integrated universities composed of 7 schools and 27 departments,compared with only 3 schools and 16 departments when he took it over.

　　顛沛流離:drifted from place to place,這個詞還有另外一層意思就是“無家可歸，生活痛苦”，為了意思表達(dá)的全面，將“homeless and miserable”以分詞形式作伴隨狀語譯出，可以表達(dá)這是一種持續(xù)的狀態(tài)。

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