高三定語從句復(fù)習(xí)
定語從句，一個簡單句跟在一名詞或代詞后（先行詞）進行修飾限定，就叫做定語從句。，分享了高三定語從句復(fù)習(xí)要點給大家！
一、關(guān)系帶詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
1. 關(guān)系代詞用來指代先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞
例１：This is the detective who came from London.
例２：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.
２．關(guān)系代詞的用法
(1) 如果先行詞是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代詞，關(guān)系代詞一般只用that，不用which。例如： All the people that are burst into tears.（所有人都迸出眼淚。）
(2) 如果先行詞被形容詞最高級以及first, last, any, only, few, most, no, some, very等詞修飾，關(guān)系代詞常用that,不用which, who，或whom。
(3) 非限制性定語從句中，不能用關(guān)系代詞that,作賓語用的關(guān)系代詞也不能省略。
There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom、are well educated.
(4) which還有一種特殊用法，它可以引導(dǎo)從句修飾前面的整個主句，代替主句所表示的整體概念或部分概念。在這種從句中，which可以作主語，也可以作賓語或表語，多數(shù)情況下意思是與and this 相似，并可以指人。例如：
He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.
(5) that可指人或物，在從句中作表語，（指人作主語時多用who）僅用于限制性定語從句中。
(6) which可作表語，既可指人，以可指物。指人時，一般指從事某種職業(yè)或是有某種特征．品性或才能的人。Which引導(dǎo)的定語從句可以是限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。
(7) 如果作先作詞的集體名詞著眼于集體的整體，關(guān)系代詞用which;若是指集體中的各個成員，則用who。
(8) 先行詞有兩個，一個指人，一個指物，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)該用that。
(9) 如果先行詞是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)該用 who 或whom，不用 which。例如：Is there anyone here who will go with you?（在這的所有人中誰和你一起去？）
�。常敖樵~＋關(guān)系代詞“是一個普遍使用的結(jié)構(gòu)
(1) “介詞＋關(guān)系代詞“可以引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句，也可以引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句�！敖樵~＋關(guān)系代詞“結(jié)構(gòu)中的介詞可以是 in, on, about, from, for, with, to at, of, without 等，關(guān)系代詞只可用whom或 which,不可用 that 。
(2) from where為“介詞＋關(guān)系副詞“結(jié)構(gòu)，但也可以引導(dǎo)定語從句。例如：
We stood at the top of the hill, from where we can see the town..
(3) 像listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of等固定短語動詞，在定語從句中一般不宜將介詞與動詞分開。例如：This is the boy whom she has taken care of.（這是她曾今照顧的孩子。）
二、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
1．關(guān)系副詞也可以引導(dǎo)定語從句
關(guān)系副詞在從句中分別表示時間．地點或原因。關(guān)系副詞when在從句中充當(dāng)時間狀語，where 充當(dāng)?shù)攸c狀語，why充當(dāng)原因狀語。
2. that可引導(dǎo)定語從句表示時間．地點或原因
That有時可以代替關(guān)系副詞 when, where 或者why引導(dǎo)定語從句表示時間．地點或原因，在 that引導(dǎo)的這種定語從句中，that也可以省去。
三、限制性定語從句與非限制性定語從句
1．二者差異比較
限制定語從句緊跟先行詞，引導(dǎo)詞同先行詞之間一般不加逗號，僅修飾先行詞，可以由關(guān)系代詞．關(guān)系副詞或that來引導(dǎo)。非限制性定語從句僅作補充或說明，用逗號與主句隔開，既可修飾先行詞，又可修飾整個主句，不可用that引導(dǎo)。
2．關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選擇依據(jù)
(1) 弄清代替先行詞的關(guān)系詞在從句中作什么成分,作狀語的應(yīng)選用關(guān)系副詞，作主語．賓語或表語的`可選用關(guān)系代詞。
3.先行詞與定語從句隔離
定語從句一般緊跟在先行詞之后，但定語從句與先行詞之間有時也會插入別的成分，構(gòu)成先行詞與定語從句的隔離。例如：
This is the article written by him that Is poke to you about..
四、As在定語從句中的用法
1. 引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句
�。ǎ保゛s多與such 或the same連用，可以代替先行詞是人或物的名詞。
（２）as 也可單獨使用，引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，作用相當(dāng)于which。例如：
The elephant’s nose is like a snake, as anybody can see.
(３）the same… that與 the same …as在意思上是不同的。
2．As引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句的位置
as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句位置較靈活，可以位于主句前面．中間或后面，一般用逗號與主句隔開，但which所引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句只能放在主句之后。例如：As is expected, the England team won the football match.
五、英語定語從句專項練習(xí)
單項填空
1．I think you’re got to the point_______ a change is needed, otherwise you’ll fail.
A. when B. that C. where D. which
2．The hours _______ the children spend in their one-way relationship with television people undoubtedly affect their relationships with real-life people.
A. when B. that C. in which D. on which
3．Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered the scenes________ people were eaten by the tiger.
A. that B. by which C. whichD. in which
4．There were dirty marks on her trousers ______ she had wiped her hands.
A. where B. which C. when D. that
5．______ is often the case,we have worked out the production plan.
A. Which B. When C. What D. As
6．______ is reported in the newspaper,talks between the two countries are making progress.
A.It B.As C.That D.What
7．There are many people_________ only on-line activity is sending and receiving e-mails.
A.who B.that C.which D.whose
8．EBay,Amazon and WalMart are popular websites_______people can sell goods to each other.
A.where B.which C.when D.whose
9．On his 10th birthday.Marty manages to escape from the zoo and gets onto the subway, _____he believes that he can go to the wild.
A.which B.from what C.through which D.that
10．I hope________the little _____I have been able to do has been of some use.
A.that;that B./;by which C.what;what D./;with which
11．The farmers use wood to build a house______to store grains all the year around.
A.with which B.to which C.which D.in which
12．This was a film_________ Spielberg used real actors instead of toys.
A.which B.when C.in which D.there
13．The thought of going home to his family was allkept him happy while he was working abroad.
A.that B.what C.those D.which
14．A container weighs more after air is put in_____proves that air has weight.
A.as B.it C.that D.which
15．—Can you tell me where Peter lives?
—Over there.The two storey house, _____there is a garden.
A.near it B.from which C.in front of it D.in front of which
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