定語從句that不能省略
定語從句that的用法大家了解嗎?以下是小編分享的定語從句that的用法,一起來看看吧!
一、定語從句that不能省略情況
1.非限制性定語從句中,that有其他意思不可省
2.有不定代詞時
3.有only時
4.有序數詞時
5.指人又指物時
6.有形容詞最高級時
二、定語從句中關系詞的省略與不省略
1.關系代詞which,whom,who,that在定語從句中作賓語時可以省略.
Here is the man (who/that/whom)you're been looking for.
以下情況不能省略:
(1)在介詞+whom與介詞+which中,whom,which不能省略.
Do you know any shops nearby in which I can buy flowers?
That is the headmaster with whom my father was talking just now.
注:當介詞放在動詞后時,which,whom就可以省略.
Who is the man (whom) you talked with just now?
。2)在非限制性定語從句中,作賓語的關系代詞也不能省略.
Mr Green,whom you know,is the tallest in our school.
The elephant is like a spear,as anybody can see.
。3)在the same ...as,such...as,as...as,the same...that中,as,that即使作賓語,也不能省略I have bought the same bicycle as you have (bought).(指同類用as)
This is the same book that I read the day before yesterday.(that指同一個)
(4)當由and,but,or等連詞連接兩個或兩個以上的定語從句修飾一個先行詞時,第一個關系代詞可省,但第二,第三個不可省略.
This is the book (which) I read yesterday and which I find very interesting.
2.當that在從句中作補語時可以省略.
He is not the man (that) he used to be.
She is all (that) a teacher should be.
3.在there be 結構中出現定語從句,或在定語從句中出現there be 時,用作主語的關系代詞也可省略.
There is a man downstairs (who) wants to see you.
This is the best dictionary (that) there is in the library.
4.狀語的省略
。1)當先行詞是reason,而且定語從句中作原因狀語時,關系代詞可用why,that,也可以省略.
The reason (why/that) he failed was his laziness.
That is the reason (why) I did it.
(2)當先行詞是way,且在定語從句中作方式狀語時,關系代詞可用in which,that,也可以省略.
The way (in which/that) these comrades look at problems is wrong.
That was the way (in which/that) she worked the problem out.
注意:當關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時,不省略.
例如:I don't know the way that/ which leads to the top of the mountains.
(3)當先行詞是time時,關系代詞可用when,that 或省略.
The second time (that) I saw him was in 1980.
I don't know the exact time (when/that) the sports meet will take place.
注意:關系代詞作賓語有時也不能省略.
拓展
1同位語從句
在復合句中用作同位語的從句叫同位語從句,常常跟在fact,idea,opinion,news,hope,belief等名詞后面,用以說明該名詞表示的具體內容,可以由名詞、代詞、短語及句子來充當同位語從句。
同位語從句是名詞從句,其作用相當于一個名詞,對前面抽象名詞的進一步的說明和解釋。
2定語從句
定語從句是由關系代詞和關系副詞引導的從句,用來修飾名詞或代詞,起到定語的作用,所以叫做定語從句。定語從句的作用是作定語修飾主句的.某個成分,通常分為限定性和非限定性從句兩種。
定語從句不同于單詞作定語的情況,它需要放在被修飾的詞(即先行詞)之后,一般由關系代詞來引導,關系代詞必須放在定語從句之首。被修飾的詞叫先行詞,由關系詞(關系代詞或關系副詞)引出。
3同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別
1、引導同位語從句的that是連詞,在從句中不充當任何成份,而引導定語從句的that是關系代詞,除起連接作用外,還在從句中充當主語、賓語或表語等,如:
The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.
計算機能夠識別人的聲音的想法使許多人感到驚奇。(同位語從句,that在從句中不充當任何成份)
The idea that he gave surprises many people.他提出的觀點令許多人感到吃驚。
。ǘㄕZ從句,that在從句中作gave的賓語)
2、引導詞的不同
what,how,if,whatever等可引導名詞性從句,但不引導定語從句。
3、同位語從句與前面的名詞是同位關系,即說明它前面名詞的內容;而定語從句與前面的名詞是修飾與被修飾關系,即限定它前面的名詞范圍,或補充一些情況。如:
The news that l have passed the math exam is true.我通過了數學考試這一消息是真的。
(同位語從句,即從句所表達的意思就是前面名詞的內容)
The news that he told me just now is true.他剛才告訴我的消息是真的。
。ǘㄕZ從句,從句對前面名詞起修飾限制作用,即“他告訴我的”那個消息,而不是別的消息)
4、定語從句的先行詞是名詞或代詞;而同位語從句的先行詞只能是名詞,而且僅限于idea,fact,hope,news,doubt,truth,information,suggestion,question,belief,conclusion等少數名詞。而且when,where,why引導的定語從句的先行詞一定分別是表示時間、地點和原因的名詞,而三者引導的同位語從句的先行詞則肯定不是表示時間、地點和原因的名詞。I have no idea when they will come.我不知道他們什么時候來。(同位語從句)
I’ll never forget the days when I lived there.我永遠不會忘記我住在那兒的日子。(定語從句)
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