限制性定語(yǔ)從句（通用5篇）
限制性定語(yǔ)從句是英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法中從句的一種，是定語(yǔ)從句的分支之一。以下是小編為您整理的限制性定語(yǔ)從句相關(guān)資料，歡迎閱讀！
限制性定語(yǔ)從句 篇1
定語(yǔ)從句可分為限制性和非限制性兩種：
1．限制性定語(yǔ)從句(Restrictive attributive clauses)：
限制性定語(yǔ)從句，使所修飾的詞表示一個(gè)特定的人或東西，如果去掉它，那個(gè)詞就失去意義，句子就不能成立或不完整：
Any one who leaves litter in these woods will beprosecuted．
誰(shuí)要是在林中亂扔垃圾將受到指控。
這句話如把who引起的定語(yǔ)從句去掉，句子就不能成立。上節(jié)例子中的定語(yǔ)從句大部分都是限制性定語(yǔ)從句。只有在這種定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞才有可能省略。
2．非限制性定語(yǔ)從句(Non—Restrictive Attributive Clauses)：
有些定語(yǔ)從句只對(duì)某個(gè)詞作進(jìn)一步的說(shuō)明，例如：
She was married to Tony, who was also a student．
這里who引起的就是一個(gè)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，拿掉之后句子還能成立。在一般情況下，非限制性定語(yǔ)從句都由一個(gè)逗號(hào)把它和句予的其它部分分開，在譯成漢語(yǔ)時(shí)多譯成一個(gè)并列句。下面例句中部包含有非限制性定語(yǔ)從句：
The note was left by Jim,who was here a moment ago．
這個(gè)條子是吉姆留的，他剛才來(lái)過。
She introduced me to her husband，whom I hadn’t met before．
她把我介紹給她丈夫，這人我以前沒見過。
This is George，whose class you will be taking．
這是喬治，你將接他的班。
I have many friends,some of whom were painters．
我有許多朋友，其中有些是畫家。
She was very fond of speaking French,which indeed shespokewell．
她很喜歡講法語(yǔ)，而且講得確實(shí)很好。
非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞是不能省略的，也不能使用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)。指物時(shí)which用得比較多，有時(shí)還可代表更廣泛的意思，指人時(shí)用who(whom)。
限制性定語(yǔ)從句 篇2
根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞的關(guān)系，定語(yǔ)從句可分為限制性定語(yǔ)從句及非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。限制性定語(yǔ)從句緊跟先行詞，主句與從句不用逗號(hào)分開，從句不可省去；非限制性定語(yǔ)從句主句與從句之間有逗號(hào)分開，起補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。在以上幾個(gè)單元我們已經(jīng)學(xué)習(xí)了限制性定語(yǔ)從句，現(xiàn)在把兩種從句作對(duì)比學(xué)習(xí)。
一、限制性定語(yǔ)從句
1.關(guān)系代詞that既可代表事物也可代表人，which只代表事物，它們?cè)趶木?/p>
中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)常可省略。
I was the only person in our office that was invited to the palace ball．
The present that（which）I received last week was from my sister．
This is a book which is about space rocket technology．
2.關(guān)系代詞who和whom引導(dǎo)的從句用來(lái)修飾人，分別作從句中的主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，whom作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，要注意它可以作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)也可以作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。如：
This is the man who helped me．
The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room．
3. whose是關(guān)系代詞，修飾名詞，作定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于who和whom的所有格，既可以修飾人又可以修飾物。如：
Do you know the student whose name is Wang Fei？
We lived in a room whose window opens to the west.
4. where是關(guān)系副詞，用來(lái)引導(dǎo)表示地點(diǎn)的定語(yǔ)從句，where在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。如：
At last we arrived at a small village where we’ll work for a week.
5. when是關(guān)系副詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句表示時(shí)間，在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。
注意，表示時(shí)間的the time，the day, the moment作先行詞，其定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞有四種情況：1）when,2) in/ on which3) that4)省略。如：
By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.
I still remember the day I met her.
Each time he goes to business trip, he brings a lot of living necessities.
6. why是關(guān)系副詞，引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句表示原因，在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。
7.關(guān)系副詞when, where, why可以用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)代替，但有兩點(diǎn)要注意：
1）在“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，不能用that。關(guān)系代詞指物用which,指人時(shí)用whom，不用who；且which和whom在這個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)中不能省略。如：
The plane in which we flew to Canada is very comfortable. (正確)
The plane in that we flew in to Canada is very comfortable.(錯(cuò)誤)
2）在使用介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，含有介詞的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)一般不拆開使用，如：look for, look after, take care of等。如“This is the watch which/that I am looking for.”不可以改為“This is the watch for which I am looking.”
二、非限制性定語(yǔ)從句
非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的作用是對(duì)所修飾的成分作進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明，通常和主句間用逗號(hào)隔開，將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立
1. which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，可用來(lái)說(shuō)明前面整個(gè)句子的情況或主句的某一部分。如：
She heard a terrible noise，which brought her heart into her mouth．
David studies hard and is ready to help others，which is what his parents expect．
2.在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，不能用that，而用who, whom代表人，用which或as代表事物。關(guān)系代詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)用whose。如：
He loved his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
In the basket there are quite many apples, which have gone bad.
There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.限
His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him.
China, which was founded in 1949, is becoming more and more powerful.
限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)表達(dá)的意義不同，試分析下面兩個(gè)句子的差別：
His brother who is now a doctor always encourages him to go to college.
他那當(dāng)醫(yī)生的哥哥常鼓勵(lì)他要考上大學(xué)。（他還有其他的哥哥）
His brother, who is now a doctor, always encourages him to go to college.
他的哥哥是當(dāng)醫(yī)生的，常鼓勵(lì)他要考上大學(xué)。（他只有一個(gè)哥哥）
3. as和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句
as和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，有相同之處也有不同之處。具體情況是：
1）As和which都可以在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或者賓語(yǔ)，代表前面整個(gè)句子。
He married her, as/which was natural.
He was honest, as/which we can see.
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.
As we know, smoking is harmful to one’s health.
As is know, smoking is harmful to one’s health.
2）as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，可放在主句之前，或者主句之后，甚至可以
切割一個(gè)主句；which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句只能放在主句之后。
As is known to all, China is a developing country.
He is from the south, as we can see from his accent.
John, as you know, is a famous writer.
He has been to Paris more than several times, which I don’t believe.注意：當(dāng)主句和從句存在邏輯上的因果關(guān)系時(shí)，常用which
Tom was always late for school, which made his teacher angry.
3）the same… as；such…as是固定結(jié)構(gòu),意思是“和……一樣……�！比纾�
I have got into the same trouble as he (has).
I have never heard such a story as he tells.
He is not such a fool as he looks.
This is the same book as I lost last week.
注意：當(dāng)先行次由the same修飾時(shí)，偶爾也用that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，但是和由as所引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句意思不同。如：
She wore the same dress that she wore at Mary’s wedding.
她穿著她在瑪麗婚禮上穿過的一條裙子。
She wore the same dress as her young sister wore.
她穿著和她妹妹所穿的一樣的裙子。
語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)練習(xí)
單項(xiàng)填空
1. The soldier ran to the building, and ____flew a flag.
A. on the top of whichB. on the top of whom
C. on the top of itD. which
2. When the same man ____murdered the old lady entered the hotel once more,
the waiter immediately phoned the police.
A. asB. thatC. whichD. whom
3. He wore, ____was very common at the time, a black jacket.
A. thatB. whichC. itD. what
4. Was it in the room ____Mr. Johnson lived ____the exhibition was held?
A. that; thatB. where; thatC. where; whereD. that; where
5. ____, the population of China is the largest in the world.
A. It is known thatB. As is well known
C. Which is well knownD. We all know that
6. This is the very reason____ he gave me.
A. thatB. whyC. for whichD. which
7. He arrived in New York in 1949, ____, some time later, he became a writer.
A. whenB. whereC. thatD. which
8. They’re talking about the newly opened market, ____you get all ____you need.
A. in which; whichB. where; thatC. where; whichD. which; that
9. She heard a terrible noise, ____brought her heart into her mouth.
A. itB. whichC. thisD. that
10. I said nothing, ____made her angry.
A. whichB. whatC. /D. that
11. I shall never forget the time ____the blacks and whites were fighting side by side.
A. whenB. thatC. /D. A, B and C
12. He has three sons, ____are doctors.
A. two of whomB. both of whomC. all of themD. each of them
13. He tore up my photo, and____ made me angry.
A. thatB. whatC. whichD. who
14. I still remember the sitting-room____ my mother and I sat in last year.
A. whereB. in whichC. thatD. to which
15. The day we looked forward to ____.
A. comeB. comingC. having comeD. has come
答案
1. C。由于and的存在，這是并列句，而不是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，排除A.
2. B。這里the same修飾man，其后只能用能代表人的關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句；whom是賓格，這里引導(dǎo)詞要在從句中作主語(yǔ)，故不能用。
3. B。which引導(dǎo)一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，which所代表的是整個(gè)主句的意思，為了強(qiáng)調(diào)從句而提前了。
4. B。識(shí)別強(qiáng)調(diào)句型不難，但極有可能在第一個(gè)空填that,而誤選D。其實(shí)被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分還含有一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾room.
5. B。只有as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句可位于主句之前，排除C；若去掉句中的逗號(hào)，A項(xiàng)則可構(gòu)成含有主語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句，D項(xiàng)則可構(gòu)成含有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句。
6. A。強(qiáng)干擾項(xiàng)是B.這里不選why，是因?yàn)槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句缺的是賓語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系代詞that.試比較：This is the reason why he gave me so much money;先行詞已被very一類的詞修飾過了，其后定語(yǔ)從句不用which引導(dǎo)，故亦排除D.
7. B。強(qiáng)干擾項(xiàng)是A.想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為定語(yǔ)從句先行詞是時(shí)間，事實(shí)上，這個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句所修飾的先行詞是地點(diǎn)New York,被介詞結(jié)構(gòu)分隔了。
8. B。where引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，在該定語(yǔ)從句中，不定代詞all又帶that引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句。
9. B。從句子結(jié)構(gòu)看，這是個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，故不用it和this;引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句不用that.
10. A。如果只想當(dāng)然地認(rèn)為nothing是不定代詞，其后的定語(yǔ)從句要用that引導(dǎo)，就錯(cuò)了。這里是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，應(yīng)該用which引導(dǎo)，并且which所代表的是整個(gè)主句的意思。
11. D。英語(yǔ)中少數(shù)幾個(gè)與時(shí)間有關(guān)的名詞，如the time, the day, the moment作先行詞，所帶定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞可用that代替when,也可以省略。
12. A。如果看出這是個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，C、D很容易排除。Both of whom中的whom指兩個(gè)，數(shù)量是2/2；two of whom, whom指三人，數(shù)量是2/3.
13. A。強(qiáng)干擾項(xiàng)是C,因?yàn)橛衋nd，這是并列句,不是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。這里that是指示代詞，作主語(yǔ)。
14. C。如果錯(cuò)誤地把后面的'介詞in理解為in last year,可能誤選A、B.事實(shí)上，in與前邊的關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。Last year是名詞詞組作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，不加冠詞。
15. D。這里“(that/which) we looked forward to”是修飾the day的定語(yǔ)從句；to的賓語(yǔ)是省略了的引導(dǎo)詞。
限制性定語(yǔ)從句 篇3
1、限制性定語(yǔ)從句是對(duì)先行詞的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格、明確限定的定語(yǔ)從句，與先行詞的意思關(guān)系非常緊密。
2、此時(shí)如果把限制性從句移除，先行詞的意思就會(huì)受影響，意思不完整、不清楚或者有很大的變化。所以，限制性定語(yǔ)從句是不能移除的。
限制性定語(yǔ)從句只能用that 的幾種情況
1.當(dāng)先行詞是anything, everything, nothing (something 除外), few, all, none, little, some 等代詞時(shí), 或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much 等修飾時(shí)
(1) Have you taken down everything that Mr.Li has said?
(2) There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world.
(3) All that can be done has been done.
(4) There is little that I can do for you.
注意：當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí), 偶爾也可以用who
(4) Any man that/.who has a sense of duty won't do such a thing.
2.當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾
(1) The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.
3.當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)
(1) This is the best film that I have seen.
4.當(dāng)形容詞被the very, the only修飾時(shí)
(1) This is the very dictionary that I want to buy,
(2) After the fire in his house,the old car is the only thing that he owned.
當(dāng)先行詞指人時(shí), 偶爾也可以用who
(3) Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting/
5.當(dāng)先行詞前面有who, which等疑問代詞時(shí)
(1) Who is the man that is standing there?
(2) Which is the T-shirt that fits me most?
6.當(dāng)先行詞既有人, 也有動(dòng)物或者物體時(shí)
(1) Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned?
限制性定語(yǔ)從句 篇4
which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句(也引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句)：
which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句既可以指整個(gè)句子的內(nèi)容，也可以指句子的部分內(nèi)容(如單詞或詞組等)，在句子中可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)(動(dòng)詞或介詞的)、定語(yǔ)等。注意它在句子中的位置：只能放在主句后，不能放在主句前。表達(dá)的內(nèi)容是“不好的”、“事先沒有預(yù)料到的”等時(shí)，常用which，只指物。
Yellowstone National Park，which is in Wyoming，is one of the most beautiful national parks in the world.
黃石國(guó)家公園位于懷俄明州，是世界上最美麗的國(guó)家公園之一。
The clock，which my grandfather bought，is still in good order.
這時(shí)鐘是我祖父買的，現(xiàn)在還走得很準(zhǔn)時(shí)。
The picture，for which he paid an enormous amount of money，was a forgery.
那幅畫他花了一大筆錢購(gòu)買，卻是幅贗品。
I lived three years in Paris，during which time I learned French.
我在巴黎住了三年，在那期間我學(xué)了法語(yǔ)。
限制性定語(yǔ)從句 篇5
1. as引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句的主要結(jié)構(gòu)有：the same…as；as…as；such…as；so…as。主句中出現(xiàn)the same, as, such, so修飾先行詞，需選擇as做關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。例，It’s the same person as we wanted to find yesterday .
2、as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指代整個(gè)主句內(nèi)容，從句可置于句首，句中或句尾。
例：As everyone knows ,China is a beautiful country with a long history .
3、非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)為被動(dòng)式時(shí)，常用as做主語(yǔ)。
例：besaid/known/announced/reported/mentioned/expected/discussed
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