高中英語(yǔ)必修4必備知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)
對(duì)于高中生而言,必修四的英語(yǔ)內(nèi)容往往比較難,課堂上有很多語(yǔ)法知識(shí)需要我們區(qū)分清楚。下面是小編為大家整理的高中英語(yǔ)必修4知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié),希望對(duì)大家有用!
高中英語(yǔ)必修4必備知識(shí)點(diǎn)
1、place orders for sth. 訂購(gòu) in order of age 按照年齡的順序 in disorder = out of order 混亂
2、arrest sb. for sth. 因某事而逮捕某人 be under arrest 在逮捕中
3、free o
fcharge 免費(fèi) charge sb. for sth. 向某人索要某物 get sth. charged 給某物充電 take charge of = be in charge of 負(fù)責(zé) take the charge of = be in the charge of 被負(fù)責(zé)
4、at a flick of a switch 輕按開(kāi)關(guān) switch on/off 打開(kāi)/關(guān)閉 switch to 調(diào)到
5、not all most 幾乎不 not nearly 遠(yuǎn)非
6、be busy doing = be occupied with sth./in doing sth. 忙于 on business 出差
7、throw/cast/shad light on 闡明觀點(diǎn)
8、be/get stuck in = be trapped in 被困于,陷在 be stuck with 被……糾纏不清
stick to the plan 堅(jiān)持計(jì)劃 stick to doing = insist on doing = persist in doing
9、be marked with 標(biāo)記 be caved with 雕刻
10、It’s worthwhile to do/of doing = be worth doing = be worthy of being done/of to be done 值得
11、limit to = restrict to 局限于
12、get around/round/about 到處走動(dòng);傳播
13、at no time 決不 in no time 立刻
14、be on show/exhibition/display 在展覽上
15、be crowded with 擁擠 the crowd 人群
16、the solution to ……的解決 the key to ……的.關(guān)鍵 the answer to ……的答案 (to為介詞)
17、stand in line = stand in a queue 站成一列
18、carry out 執(zhí)行
19、keep cool = keep calm = calm down 鎮(zhèn)定下來(lái)
20、greet sb. with sth. 用某物來(lái)問(wèn)候某人
高中英語(yǔ)必修4知識(shí)要點(diǎn)
非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義
在某些句型中可用動(dòng)名詞和不定式的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義 。
1. 在need,want,require, hear等詞的后面,動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義,其含義相當(dāng)于動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。
例The house needs repairing(to be repaired).這房子需要修理。
2. 形容詞worth后面跟動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義,但不能跟動(dòng)詞不定式;而worthy后面跟動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。
例The picture-book is well worth reading.(=The picture-book is very worthy to be read.)
3. 動(dòng)詞不定式在名詞后面作定語(yǔ),不定式和名詞之間有動(dòng)賓關(guān)系時(shí),又和句中另一名詞或代詞構(gòu)成主謂關(guān)系, 不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。
例 I have a lot of things to do this afternoon.(to do與things是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系,與I是主謂關(guān)系。)
試比較:I’ll go to the post office. Do you have a letter
to be posted? (此處用不定式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)作定語(yǔ)表明you不是post動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。)
4. 在某些“形容詞+不定式”做表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)中,句子的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)又是動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ)時(shí),這時(shí)常用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。這些形容詞有nice,easy,fit,hard,difficult,important,impossible,pleasant,interesting等。
例This problem is difficult to work out .(可看作to work out省略了for me).
5. 在too… to…結(jié)構(gòu)中,不定式前面可加邏輯主語(yǔ),所以應(yīng)用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。
例This book is too expensive (for me)to buy.
6. 在there be…句型中,當(dāng)動(dòng)詞不定式修飾名詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí),不定式用主動(dòng)式作定語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)在人,用被動(dòng)形式作定語(yǔ),重點(diǎn)在物。
例There is no time to lose(to be lost).(用 to lose可看成for us to lose;用to be lost,誰(shuí) lost time不明確。)
高中英語(yǔ)必修4語(yǔ)法知識(shí)
情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)的三種時(shí)態(tài)
1.對(duì)將來(lái)情況的推測(cè),用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + 動(dòng)詞原形”。
(1)She must / may / might / could arrive before 5. 5:00前她一定/可能/也許到。
2.對(duì)現(xiàn)在或一般情況的推測(cè),用“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + be”,“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 +be doing”或“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + 動(dòng)詞原形”。
(1)He must / may / might / could be listening to the radio now. 他一定/可能/也許正在聽(tīng)收音機(jī)。
注:情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 should /ought to表推測(cè)時(shí),意為“想必會(huì),理應(yīng)……”但與“have +過(guò)去分詞”連用時(shí),則又可構(gòu)成虛擬語(yǔ)氣意為“本應(yīng)該做某事卻沒(méi)做”。例如:
(4)It’s seven o’clock. Jack should/ought to be here at any moment. 現(xiàn)在七點(diǎn)鐘了,杰克理應(yīng)隨時(shí)到達(dá)。(推測(cè))
(5)She should / ought to have attended your birthday party, but she had to look after her mother in hospital. (虛擬) 她本該出席你的生日晚會(huì)的,可是她得在醫(yī)院照顧她媽媽。
(6)Tom should not /ought not to have told me your secret, but he meant no harm. (虛擬) 湯姆本不該告訴我你的秘密,可是他并無(wú)惡意。
助動(dòng)詞(auxiliary)主要有兩類:基本助動(dòng)詞(primary auxiliary)和情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞(modalauxiliary)。
基本助動(dòng)詞有三個(gè):do, have和be;
情態(tài)助動(dòng)詞基本的有十四個(gè):may, might; can, could; will, would; shall, should; must, need, dare, used to, ought to.had better 上述兩類助動(dòng)詞的共同特征是,在協(xié)助主動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成限定動(dòng)詞詞組
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