英語句子成分和英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解及練習,形式主語主語從句是真正主語,賓補對賓語的補充全稱為賓語補足語,英語句子成分和英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解及練習,數(shù)詞動名詞不定式主語從句形式主語主語從句是真正主語。
英語句子成分和英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解及練習
英語句子成分和英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解及練習
1.主語(subject)句子說明的人或事物。Thesunrisesintheeast.(名詞)Helikesdancing.(代詞)
Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(數(shù)詞)Seeingisbelieving.(動名詞)Toseeistobelieve.(不定式)
Whatheneedsisabook.(主語從句)
Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.(It形式主語,主語從句是真正主語)
2.謂語(predicate)說明主語的動作、狀態(tài)和特征。WestudyEnglish.Heisasleep.
3.表語(predicative)系動詞之后的成分,表示主語的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征。Heisateacher.(名詞)
Fiveandfiveisten.(數(shù)詞)Heisasleep.(形容詞)Hisfatherisin.(副詞)
Thepictureisonthewall.(介詞短語)
Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.(形容詞化的分詞)
Towearafloweristosay“I’mpoor,Ican’tbuyaring.(不定式)Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.(表語從句)
(常見的系動詞有be,sound(聽起來),look(看起來),feel(摸起來,smell(聞起來),taste(嘗、吃起來),
remain(保持,仍是),feel(感覺)...
Itsoundsagoodidea.Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin.
Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thedoorremainsopen.
4.賓語:
1)動作的承受者-----動賓IlikeChina.(名詞)Hehatesyou.(代詞)Weneedtwo.(數(shù)詞)
Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.(動名詞)Ihopetoseeyouagain.(不定式)
Didyouwritedownwhathesaid(賓語從句)
2)介詞后的名詞、代詞和動名詞-----介賓Areyouafraidofthesnake.
Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.
3)雙賓語-----間賓(指人)和直賓(指物)Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.
5.賓補:對賓語的補充,全稱為賓語補足語。Weelectedhimmonitor.(名詞)
Weallthinkitapitythatshedidn’tcomehere.(名詞)Wewillmakethemhappy.(形容詞)Wefoundnobodyin.(副詞)
Pleasemakeyourselfathome.介詞短語)Don’tlethimdothat.(省to不定式)
Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.(帶to不定式)Don’tkeepthelightsburning.(現(xiàn)在分詞)I’llhavemybikerepaired.(過去分詞)
6.主補:對主語的補充。Hewaselectedmonitor.
Shewasfoundsinginginthenextroom.
Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.
7.定語:修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。Yanlingisachemistryteacher.(名詞)Heisourfriend.(代詞)
Webelongtothethirdworld.(數(shù)詞)
Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.(形容詞)Themanoverthereismyoldfriend.(副詞)
Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.(介詞)TheboysplayingfootballareinCla2.(現(xiàn)在分詞)
Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.(過去分詞)Ihaveanideatodoitwell.(不定式)
YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.(定語從句)
8.狀語:用來修飾v.,adj.,adv.,或者句子。表示時間、地點、原因、目的、結(jié)果、程度、條件、方式和讓步。
(以下例句按上述順序排列)
Iwillgotheretomorrow.
Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather.HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell.
Hedidn’tstudyhardsothathefailedintheexam.Ilikesomeofyouverymuch.
Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpatheexam.Hegoestoschoolbybike.
Thoughheisyoung,hecandoitwell.
基本句子結(jié)構(gòu)
簡單句的五個基本句型
主語+謂語Shecame./Myheadaches.主語+謂語+賓語ShelikesEnglish.主語+系動詞+表語Sheishappy.
主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語ShegaveJohnabook.
Sheboughtabookforme.
主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補語Shemakeshermotherangry.
Theteacheraskedmetoreadthepassage.
There+beThereliesabookonthedesk.
分析下列句子成分
1.Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.
2.Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou
3.Allofusconsideredhimhonest.
4.Mygrandfatherboughtmeapairofsportsshoes.
5.Hebrokeapieceofglass.
6.Hemadeitclearthathewouldleavethecity.
7.---Iloveyoumorethanher,child.
8.Teesturngreenwhenspringcomes.
9.Theypushedthedooropen.、
10.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.