高考備考難點(diǎn)之難以捉摸的冠詞
冠詞是英語(yǔ)中的特有的.詞類。由于漢語(yǔ)中沒(méi)有與之對(duì)應(yīng)的詞,學(xué)生對(duì)其用法感到難以掌握,所以高考英語(yǔ)在短文改錯(cuò)中對(duì)冠詞的考查幾乎年年都有。
案例探究
1.Each player must obey captain, who is the leader of the team.
解析:此題為五星級(jí)題。captain 前面加the。如chairman, captain, monitor ,manager這類表示職位的名詞,前面一般為零冠詞,但如果這類職務(wù)指的是某人,前面要用定冠詞。
e.g. We elected him monitor.
He is the monitor of our class.
2.I was about to rush out of the train station when a well-dressed old man took me by my arm.
解析:此題為四星級(jí)題。把my 改成the。take sb. by the hand arm 為固定搭配。在固定句型hit sb. in the face, strike sb. on the head ,take sb. by the arm等中,身體各部位前一定用定冠詞the。
3.Good health is person's most valuable possession.
解析:此題為四星級(jí)題。在person's 前加a。person 是可數(shù)名詞,又是第一次提到,單數(shù)前應(yīng)加不定冠詞。
A person 一個(gè)人;people為復(fù)數(shù)名詞,但Chinese is a kind and hard-working people. man 作人類(mankind)講時(shí),不加冠詞;但加冠詞后,就變成具體的某個(gè)人了。
e.g. man's knowledge of things is developing.
4.Modern people know more than about the health.
解析:此題為五星級(jí)題。去掉the。health 是抽象名詞,又是不可數(shù)名詞,故不可用定冠詞。抽象名詞和物質(zhì)名詞表示一般概念時(shí),前面通常不用冠詞,但特指時(shí),則須用定冠詞;如果表示一個(gè)具體情況或動(dòng)作或某一物質(zhì)時(shí),前面可用不定冠詞。
e.g. Sending another satellites is a big success for China.
It's a great joy to live with all my old classmates.
What a heavy rain!
5.Alexander Braborn Bell is considered to invented telephone in 1876.
解析:此題為五星級(jí)題。telephone 前加the。在討論科技問(wèn)題時(shí),定冠詞常和單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞連用。在表示發(fā)明物的單數(shù)名詞前加the。
e.g. The compass was invented in China four thousand years ago.
錦囊妙計(jì)
不可數(shù)名詞泛指時(shí)前面多冠詞;單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞前少冠詞;不定冠詞a, an與定冠詞的錯(cuò)誤使用;固定搭配中的冠詞錯(cuò)誤等等為高考常見(jiàn)的考點(diǎn)。
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