初中英語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤之C系列

　　單詞是構(gòu)成語(yǔ)言的三大要素之一，是語(yǔ)言的“建筑材料”，是構(gòu)建英語(yǔ)知識(shí)大廈的基石。在整個(gè)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中，單詞學(xué)習(xí)的任務(wù)是最繁重的。單詞掌握多少和熟練程度直接影響運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言表達(dá)思想的準(zhǔn)確性, 單詞量的多少也直接影響著學(xué)生的各方面的能力。小編整理了初中英語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤之C系列，歡迎閱讀

　　初中英語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤之C系列

　　call

　　[誤] Ill call at Mr Brown.

　　[正] Ill call on Mr Brown.

　　[誤] Ill call on Mr Browns home.

　　[正] Ill call at Mr Browns home.

　　[析] 作"拜訪(fǎng)"講時(shí)，at后面接訪(fǎng)問(wèn)地點(diǎn)，而on后面接訪(fǎng)問(wèn)的人。

　　call on drop in visit

　　call on比較正式的為公務(wù)的訪(fǎng)問(wèn)，如：We were called on by the old students. 而drop in則是比較隨便的走走，順便拜訪(fǎng)，如：If youre free, drop in. 而visit則是更正式的外交訪(fǎng)問(wèn)或友好往來(lái)，如：My schools headmaster will visit America next week.

　　can

　　[誤] A blind man can not judge colours.

　　[正] A blind man cannot judge colours.

　　[誤] I cannt call for you at ten.

　　[正] I cant call for you at ten.

　　[析] can的否定形式應(yīng)為cannot或cant.

　　[誤] Its only six oclock. That mustnt be the postman.

　　[正] Its only six oclock. That cant be the postman.

　　[析] must用來(lái)表示一種肯定的推斷，如：She must have some problems. She keeps crying. 但在否定句中則要用cant， 要表示對(duì)過(guò)去的推測(cè)則要用"must+have+過(guò)去分詞"的表達(dá)法，如：The lights have gone out.A fuse must have blown.而對(duì)過(guò)去的否定推測(cè)則多用"cant+have+過(guò)去分詞"，如：I dont think he can have heard you. Call again.

　　[誤] We could not help to laugh at once.

　　[正] We could not help laughing at once.

　　[正] We could not help but laugh at once.

　　[析] "couldnt help+動(dòng)名詞"表示禁不住做了某事。但could not help but與could not but后面要加不帶to的不定式，意思都是不得不去做某事.如：You could not (help) but respect him.

　　can be able to

　　can與be able to都可以用來(lái)表示能力，但can只有現(xiàn)在時(shí)與過(guò)去時(shí)，be able to則可用任何時(shí)態(tài)，如：He will be able to teach the child. 但要表示經(jīng)過(guò)努力而達(dá)到的一次性動(dòng)作則只能用be able to，如：He finally was able to jump over 210 meters. 或：The plane was able to fly over the mountain. 但要注意的是這兩個(gè)詞都沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，而be able to后面不接不定式的被動(dòng)態(tài)。

　　can could

　　can與could都可以用在現(xiàn)在時(shí)的口語(yǔ)中，只是用could更為禮貌，語(yǔ)氣更委婉。如：Could you tell us a story

　　care

　　[誤] I dont care coffee.

　　[正] I dont care for coffee.

　　[誤] Take care for your steps.

　　[正] Take care of your steps.

　　[析] care for是"對(duì)某物感興趣"，而care of是"關(guān)心，要當(dāng)心某事"，如：She didnt care for him. Take care of what you are doing.

　　[誤] I dont care where we will go if it doesnt rain.

　　[正] I dont care where we go if it doesnt rain.

　　[析] 在it doesnt matter, I dont care, I dont mind, 及in case引出的狀語(yǔ)從句后面要用現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。如：Ive got a football in case we have time for a game.

　　change

　　[誤] I want to change my camera with that one.

　　[正] I want to change my camera for that one.

　　[析] change for為"以某物為交換物"。而change with則是"隨……而變"，如：The woods colour changed with the season.

　　cheap

　　[誤] A teachers salary is generally very cheap.

　　[正] A teachers salary is generally very low.

　　[析] 工資的高低要用low，cheap是指價(jià)格便宜，如果要講物美價(jià)廉則要用not expensive, 如：This car is not expensive.

　　choose

　　[誤] We each had to have a choose of A or B.

　　[正] We each had to have a choice of A or B.

　　[析] choice是名詞，而choose是動(dòng)詞。

　　class

　　[誤] The class is watching TV.

　　[正] The class are watching TV.

　　[析] class作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，如果作為整體講則應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，如：The class was more than forty in number. 如考慮到具體的每個(gè)成員時(shí)則應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，如：The class are, in general, very bright.

　　clean

　　[誤] Sorry, I didnt bought it here. I cleanly forgot.

　　[正] Sorry, I didnt bought it here. I clean forgot.

　　[析] clean可以作為副詞講，其意為"完全"，而cleanly則意為"正確地"、"干凈利落地"，如：The knife doesnt cut cleanly. 而clean作為形容詞講時(shí)意為"清潔的"、"干凈的"，如：Her face is not clean now.

　　clever

　　[誤] Im not clever in English.

　　[正] Im not clever at English.

　　[析] clever at是固定搭配，表示在某方面有特長(zhǎng)。

　　close

　　[誤] It is cold outside. Please keep the door close.

　　[正] It is cold outside. Please keep the door closed.

　　[析] 這里的close是動(dòng)詞，意為"關(guān)閉"，而keep后要加形容詞，所以要用close的過(guò)去分詞形式closed作形容詞。作形容詞用的close意為"近的"、"親密的"。

　　[誤] Come closely so that I can see you.

　　[正] Come close so that I can see you.

　　[誤] Good teaching and good testing are close related.

　　[正] Good teaching and good testing are closely related.

　　[析] close,closely同樣可以作副詞用，但其意義不同，close是"靠近"、"接近"之意，而closely則是"緊密"、"嚴(yán)密"、"密切"之意。

　　[誤] My school was quite close from my home.

　　[正] My school was quite close to my home.

　　[析] "與……接近"是close to…，例如：

　　He was close to fifty.

　　There is a busstop close to the station.

　　close shut turn

　　shut與close是同義詞，如close the door或shut the door. 但要講把某人關(guān)在門(mén)外時(shí)則只能用shut somebody out而不能用close，因shut語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)，并含有隔離之意。而turn off是指關(guān)上電視、電燈、煤氣之類(lèi)，有切斷之意。

　　cloth

　　[誤] The children wear very good cloth to go to school.

　　[正] The children wear very good clothes to go to school.

　　[誤] I need a lot of clothing.

　　Im going to make a new cloth.

　　[正] I need a lot of cloth.

　　Im going to make a new dress.

　　[析] cloth是"布"、"布料"，沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。一塊布料是a piece of cloth, 而clothes統(tǒng)指衣服，是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，"一套衣服"要講a suit of clothes， 如果是"一件件衣服"應(yīng)講shirt, dress, sweater等。而clothing是衣物的總稱(chēng)，是不可數(shù)名詞。例如：This clothing is needed in warm countries.Her clothes are made of fine cloth.英語(yǔ)中的dress是指比較正式的服裝，如a school dress(校服)，a student dress(學(xué)生套裝)，a working dress(工作服)。

　　coffee

　　[誤] Please give me two waters.

　　[正] Please give me two coffees.

　　[正] Please give me two cups of water.

　　[析] 雖然coffee, water, tea等都是物質(zhì)名詞，但是只有coffee可用coffees取代若干杯coffee,而其他的卻不行，其前要加a cup of或a glass of.

　　colour(color)

　　[誤] Colours of flowers are red, yellow and white.

　　[正] Flowers are red, yellow and white.

　　[析] 中文的"花的顏色有紅色、黃色和白色"，若譯為英文Colours of flowers are…，就顯得重復(fù)了。

　　[誤] I like green colour.

　　[正] I like green.

　　[正] I like colour green.

　　[析] colour green中的colour是green的同位語(yǔ)，所以這種說(shuō)話(huà)方式英語(yǔ)是可以接受的。

　　come

　　[誤] I came across with an old friend in the street yesterday.

　　[正] I came across an old friend in the street yesterday.

　　[析] come across是"偶然碰見(jiàn)、遇見(jiàn)"，要直接加賓語(yǔ)，如：Ive just come across a beautiful poem in this magazine.

　　[誤] Where do you come from

　　I come from the station.

　　[正] Where did you come from

　　I came from the station.

　　[正] Where do you come from

　　I come from China.

　　[析] Where do you come from意為"你是什么地方的人"而Where did you come from則是"你從何處來(lái)"

　　[誤] The stars are coming out from the cloud.

　　[正] The stars are coming out of the cloud.

　　[析] come out of意為"從……地方出來(lái)"。

　　come in come into enter

　　come in與come into的意義相同，但come into后面要加賓語(yǔ)，而come in后面不用賓語(yǔ)。如I found someone came into my room. The door opened and the child came in.

　　enter常作為及物動(dòng)詞使用，如：The bus entered the English tunnel.

　　congratulate

　　[誤] I want to congratulate you for your success with all my heart.

　　[正] I want to congratulate you on your success with all my heart.

　　[析] 動(dòng)詞congratulate somebody on something是"向某人祝賀某事"。其名詞congratulation在用時(shí)一般要用復(fù)數(shù)，如：I offered him my congratulations on his success.

　　又如：Congratulations!

　　cook

　　[誤] My father is a good cooker.

　　[正] My father is a good cook.

　　[析] 很多動(dòng)詞加上er則變?yōu)閳?zhí)行該動(dòng)作的一種人，如workworker,teachteacher. 但cook即是動(dòng)詞"做飯"，同時(shí)名詞也是"廚師"。而cooker則是"廚具"、"炊具"之意。如：I will cook the dinner. I bought a good press cooker(高壓鍋)。

　　corner

　　[誤] There is a post office in the corner of the street.

　　[正] There is a post office at the corner of the street.

　　[誤] A girl sat at the corner of the room.

　　[正] A girl sat in the corner of the room.

　　[析] in the corner是在建筑物內(nèi)部的角上，而at the corner是在外部的角上，如：There is a big tree at the corner of the building.

　　cost

　　[誤] I cost ten dollars for the book.

　　[正] I spent ten dollars on the book.

　　[誤] I cost two hours to do my homework.

　　[正] It took me two hours to do my homework.

　　[析] cost, spend. take都可以作"花費(fèi)"講，但用法不同。cost的用法是"something+cost+somebody+時(shí)間或金錢(qián)"，如：The book cost me ten dollars. spend的用法是"somebody+spend+時(shí)間+(in)doing something"，如：I spent two hours (in) writing this book. 或"somebody+spend+金錢(qián)+on something"，如：I spend two dollars on this book. 而take的用法則要用邏輯主語(yǔ)it:"It+takes+somebody+時(shí)間+to do something", 如：It took me an hour to clean the classroom.

　　country

　　[誤] You can find cows in a country.

　　[正] You can find cows in the country.

　　[析] country即可作"國(guó)家"講，也可作"農(nóng)村"講。當(dāng)作"農(nóng)村"講時(shí)，一定要加定冠詞，而且只有單數(shù)形式。例如：

　　[誤] Farmers live in the countries.

　　[正] Farmers live in the country.

　　[析] 但作為"國(guó)家"講時(shí)則可有單、復(fù)數(shù)形式，例如：Japan is an Asian country. Japan, China, and India are Asian countries.另外，country一般指的是地理概念上的國(guó)家，如：New Zealand is an agricultural country. 而nation多指民族組成的國(guó)家，如：The Chinese nation(中華民族)。state多側(cè)重于政權(quán)方面的區(qū)域、國(guó)家范圍，如：the state farm(國(guó)營(yíng)農(nóng)場(chǎng))。

　　cross

　　[誤] There are traffic lights at the cross.

　　[正] There are traffic lights at the crossing.

　　[析] cross作為名詞講時(shí)是十字架、十字形的東西，如：Red Cross(紅十字會(huì))。

　　[誤] The little boy is going to across the street.

　　[正] The little boy is going to cross the street.

　　[析] across是副詞或介詞，但不能作動(dòng)詞用。

　　cross pass

　　cross是指橫過(guò)某地，如：He crossed the square. 而pass則強(qiáng)調(diào)從某物體旁經(jīng)過(guò)，如：I mailed some letters when I passed the post office.

　　crowd

　　[誤] The room soon was crowded by people.

　　[正] The room soon was crowded with people.

　　[析] crowded在這句話(huà)中應(yīng)作為形容詞，所以這句話(huà)不是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)而是系表結(jié)構(gòu)，如：The room was crowded with books.

　　cup

　　[誤] A silver glass was given to the winner.

　　[正] A silver cup was given to the winner.

　　[誤] My mother was looking for the whisky cup.

　　[正] My mother was looking for the whisky glass.

　　[析] glass一般指由玻璃制成的器皿，而cup多指用陶瓷或金屬制成的杯子，且cup尤其用在獎(jiǎng)杯上。喝酒多用的是玻璃制成的杯子，如我們講I drink a glass of wine at supper. 而不講I drink a cup of wine at supper.

　　初中英語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)錯(cuò)誤之a(chǎn)系列

　　able

　　[誤] This bike is able to be repaired.

　　[正] This bike can be repaired.

　　[析] be able to 主要表達(dá)某事或某人具有某種能力去作某事,應(yīng)譯為"有本領(lǐng)"、"有能力"、"可以"作某事,如:Im able to swim across this river. 而can可以用來(lái)表示具有接受能力或吸收能力。如:This radio can be repaired here.

　　about

　　[誤] This class is about to begin just now.

　　[正] This class is about to begin.

　　[析] 要注意be about to 是"將要"的意思,含有將來(lái)時(shí)之意,不要與表示過(guò)去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。另外,be about to 一般用作書(shū)面語(yǔ),對(duì)應(yīng)的口語(yǔ)是be going to.

　　about on

　　about與on都可以作"關(guān)于"講,但卻有所不同,例如:This book is about physics. 應(yīng)譯為"這是一本關(guān)于物理學(xué)的科普讀物。"而:This book is on physics.則應(yīng)譯為"這是一本物理學(xué)方面的專(zhuān)著。"

　　above

　　[誤] The temperature is five degrees over zero.

　　[正] The temperature is five degrees above zero.

　　[析] 表達(dá)"在……上方"時(shí),above與over是可以互換的,如:The sky is above(or over)our heads. 但是要表達(dá)在垂直方向上的上方時(shí)則應(yīng)用above不可用over,如:The sun has risen above the horizon.

　　[誤] There is often thick cloud above the South of China in summer.

　　[正] There is often thick cloud over the South of China in summer.

　　[析] 當(dāng)表達(dá)覆蓋之意時(shí),只可用over而不能用above.

　　[誤] There is a bridge above the river.

　　[正] There is a bridge over the river.

　　[析] 用來(lái)表達(dá)"從……上方越過(guò)"時(shí)不能用above只能用over,如:The plane flew over the city. 但要注意There is waterfall above the bridge. 則應(yīng)譯為"在橋的上游有一個(gè)瀑布。"

　　across

　　[誤] He ran across the wood.

　　[正] He ran through the wood.

　　[析] across是指某一動(dòng)作在一平面內(nèi)進(jìn)行,而through則是指該動(dòng)作在一三維立體空間的運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程。如:The man came in through the window. He walked across the square.

　　across

　　across的主要用法有兩個(gè)。其一,意為"對(duì)面",如:There is a school just across the street. 其二,意為"橫過(guò)",如:He walked across the street.

　　afraid

　　[誤] I dontt afraid of him.

　　[正] I am not afraid of him.

　　[析] 要注意"害怕"afraid一詞在英語(yǔ)中不是動(dòng)詞,而是形容詞,要與be動(dòng)詞連用。

　　after

　　[誤] Two weeks after he left.

　　[正] Two weeks later he left.

　　[正] He left after two weeks.

　　[析] 要表達(dá)"在多少時(shí)間之后",英語(yǔ)中有兩種表達(dá)法,即:用later時(shí),要時(shí)間在前,如three hours later; 而用after時(shí)要時(shí)間在后,如after three hours.

　　[誤] My father will be back after a few hours.

　　[正] My father will be back in a few hours.

　　[析] 受中文的影響,這個(gè)介詞常常被誤用。當(dāng)你要表達(dá)在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)某個(gè)動(dòng)作可以完成時(shí),一定要用in,而不能用after,因?yàn)閍fter是指在某一時(shí)間之后。例如:This work will be done in two days. 即表明在兩天內(nèi)這一工作一定會(huì)做完。而如用了after,即表示在兩天之后,完成的時(shí)間是不確定的。

　　after behind

　　after多用于表示順序的前后,如:She walked in the line after Tom. 或用來(lái)表示"追趕",表示一種動(dòng)態(tài),如:He ran after Mary. 而behind多用于強(qiáng)調(diào)先進(jìn)與落后,如:She is much behind the other girls in sewing. 或者用于表達(dá)"遲于",如:The train was ten minutes behind the time table. 或者與表示靜態(tài)的動(dòng)詞連用,如:She hid herself behind the flowers.

　　afternoon

　　[誤] He worked very hard in a hot afternoon.

　　[正] He worked very hard on a hot afternoon.

　　[析] 習(xí)慣用的詞組in the afternoon, 如果加入任何修飾詞后其前面的介詞in都要改為on,不論其修飾詞在前還是在后,如:He swam in this river on the afternoon of June lst. 又如:Are you free on Sunday afternoon?

　　against

　　[誤] He against me.

　　[正] He is against me.

　　[析] 要注意against意為"反對(duì)",但它在英文中卻不是動(dòng)詞,而是介詞,如要講反對(duì)某事或某人時(shí)則要加動(dòng)詞be, 如:He is against somebody/something.

　　against for

　　against意為"反對(duì)"、"不贊成";而for則意為"同意",為其反意詞。如:Are you for or against the plan?

　　age

　　[誤] He is twenty years old of age.

　　[正] He is twenty.

　　[正] He is twenty years old.

　　[正] He is at the age of twenty.

　　ago

　　[誤] Toms father has been dead five years ago.

　　[正] Toms father died five years ago.

　　[析] ago意為由說(shuō)話(huà)時(shí)算起,若干時(shí)間以前。它只能和一般動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)連用,而不要與完成時(shí)連用。

　　[誤] Yesterday I met a friend. We didnt see each other for a long time since we left the college twenty years ago.

　　[正] Yesterday I met a friend. We hadnt seen each other for a long time since we left the college twenty years ago.

　　[析] 要注意的是在本句是ago是用在由since引起的從句之中,只是從句應(yīng)用過(guò)去時(shí),但不影響主句的時(shí)態(tài)。

　　agree

　　[誤] Does the teacher agree to us?

　　[正] Does the teacher agree with us?

　　[誤] Does he agree with our plan?

　　[正] Does he agree with us?

　　[析] agree with 指"同意某人的提議、建議、計(jì)劃"等。如果要講同意某項(xiàng)計(jì)劃則要用agree to, 如:Do you agree to the plan?

　　all

　　[誤] The old man has two sons. All of them are workers.

　　[正] The old man has two sons. Both of them are workers.

　　[析] all是指三者或以上的全部,而both則是指"兩者都"。

　　[誤] The all children are playing football now.

　　[正] All the children are playing football now.

　　[析] all作修飾詞時(shí)其位置要在所有的修飾詞之前,不論這些修飾詞是定冠詞、指示代詞、形容詞或名詞,或代詞的所有格。

　　[誤] You all are right.

　　[正] You are all right.

　　[析] all作同位語(yǔ)時(shí)其位置要置于be動(dòng)詞之后,實(shí)意動(dòng)詞之前,如:The teachers all work hard. 或用于第一助動(dòng)詞之后,如:The boys have all been waiting for their mothers.

　　almost

　　[誤] Nearly nobody thinks he is right.

　　[正] Almost nobody thinks he is right.

　　[析] nearly與almost是近意詞,其含意差別不大,但是與否定詞連用時(shí)要用almost, 例如:She brought almost no money with her. 此句中的almost不能用nearly替換。

　　alone

　　[誤] The old man lived lone but he didnt feel lonely.

　　[正] The old man lived alone, but he didnt feel lonely.

　　[析] alone, lone, lonely 三個(gè)詞全具有"孤單、孤獨(dú)"之意。但其用法不同:lone可以作定語(yǔ),而alone則只能作表語(yǔ),lonely則多指感情上與感覺(jué)上的孤獨(dú)。

　　already

　　[誤] We are already for the work.

　　[正] We are all ready for the work.

　　[析] already 是副詞,其意為"已經(jīng)",如:He already knew about it. 而all ready為形容詞意為"準(zhǔn)備好"。

　　already yet

　　already多用于肯定句中,例如:The students have already finished the work. 而yet則多用于疑問(wèn)句與否定句中,如:Have you finished it yet? I havent finished it yet.

　　also

　　[誤] I didnt find the dictionary also.

　　[正] I didnt find the dictionary either.

　　[析] 作為"也"講,在否定句中要用either而不能用also.

　　also too

　　also與too都可用在肯定句中表示"也",但also通常用于be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后,如:I can also do it myself. 而too一般放于句尾。Ill attend his class, too.

　　always

　　[誤] Always he asked himself why he had come here.

　　[正] He always asked himself why he had come here.

　　[析] always一般不能用于句首,它在一般句中的位置是于動(dòng)詞之前第一助動(dòng)詞之后,如:Ive always thought he is honest. 又如:He is always late.

　　among

　　[誤] If the three apples are divided among the two boys how much will each receive?

　　[正] If the three apples are divided among the three boys how much will each receive?

　　[析] among常用于三個(gè)事物或人物之間,而between則多用于兩者之間。

　　an

　　[誤] This is an useful dictionary.

　　[正] This is a useful dictionary.

　　[析] 詳見(jiàn)a條。

　　and

　　[誤] He did not speak loudly and clearly.

　　[正] He did not speak loudly nor clearly.

　　[誤] Our school is not in New York and Chicago, but in Boston.

　　[正] Our school is not in New York or Chicago, but in Boston.

　　[析] "和"這一概念在肯定句中應(yīng)用and,但在否定句中則要用or

　　angry

　　[誤] My mother was angry to me.

　　[正] My mother was angry with me.

　　[誤] He was angry with what I said.

　　[正] He was angry at what I said.

　　[析] 要注意be angry后面如果接人,表示"對(duì)某人生氣不滿(mǎn)"時(shí)應(yīng)用be angry with somebody. 但要接事物時(shí)要用be angry at something.

　　another

　　[誤] I have two sisters, one in America and another in English.

　　[正] I have two sisters, one in America and the other in English.

　　[析] 要注意英語(yǔ)中another, other, the other, the others, others的不同用法,現(xiàn)分別說(shuō)明如下:another作形容詞其意為:泛指的另一個(gè)或再一個(gè),別的,類(lèi)似的。一般在句中作定語(yǔ),如: This is not good enough, please show me another one. another還可以作為代詞用,如:One student said:"I want to play baskball."another said:"I want to play football."other作形容詞其意為"泛指其余的,別的"。如:I have other books besides these. 又如:Ask some other people please. the other則為特指,作形容詞時(shí)其后面可接單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)名詞,如:She has two flowers. One is white, the other one is yellow. (特指,單數(shù))又如:There are fifty students in our class, twenty five are boys, the other students are girls. (特指,復(fù)數(shù))但當(dāng)the other作為代詞時(shí),它代表的可以是單數(shù),也可以是復(fù)數(shù),如:He has a book in one hand, and a pen in the other. (單數(shù))又如:There are some people in the room. Four are girls, the other(復(fù)數(shù))are boys. 要注意的是當(dāng)the other作主語(yǔ)時(shí),其后面的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要視具體情況而定,它可能是單數(shù),也可能是復(fù)數(shù)。others則只能作代詞,其意為other ones即為:泛指某些,某一部分人或物,如:Each of us must think of others. 而the others只能作為代詞,它是特指某一些人或物,如:I know only one or two of the students; the others are unknown to me.

　　answer

　　[誤] Someone is knocking at the door. Please reply the door bell.

　　[正] Someone is knocking at the door, Please answer the door bell.

　　[析] answer與reply是近意詞,作為及物動(dòng)詞用時(shí)有時(shí)二者是可以互換的,如:The student answered/replied that he wanted to watch TV. 但在某些特定場(chǎng)合則不易互換。作為應(yīng)答之意時(shí)則多用answer,如:You should answer to your name. Please answer my letter as soon as possible. Answer my question in English.

　　any

　　[誤] Do you have some questions?

　　[正] Do you have any questions?

　　[析] some一般要用于肯定句,而any則用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。

　　[誤] China is larger than any other countries in Asia.

　　[正] China is larger than any other country in Asia.

　　[析] 要注意any other 其后要跟單數(shù)名詞,但any of the other 其后要接復(fù)數(shù)名詞。China is larger than any of the other countries in Asia.

　　[誤] Here are some books; you can choose anyone of these.

　　[正] Here are some books; you can choose any one of these.

　　[析] anyone只能指人,而any one即可指人 也可以指物。

　　around

　　[誤] The nine planets go around of the sun.

　　[正] The nine planets go around the sun.

　　[析] around后面不要再加介詞,如:The sun shines all around us.

　　around round

　　作介詞用的around與round通常可以互換,只不過(guò)美語(yǔ)常用around,而英語(yǔ)常用round,例如:You can see the post office round/around that corner. (繞過(guò)那個(gè)彎你就可以看到郵局。但是一定要區(qū)別它們的不同之處:round可以用作形容詞、副詞、介詞、動(dòng)詞、名詞;而around只能用作副詞或介詞。例如:The post office is just round (around) the house (用作介詞). He has round face (用作形容詞). The river rounded the stones. (用作動(dòng)詞)

　　arrive

　　[誤] I arrived Beijing the day before yesterday.

　　[正] I arrived in Beijing the day before yesterday.

　　[正] I reached Beijing the day before yesterday.

　　[誤] He arrived in the school at 11∶00.

　　[正] He arrived at the school at 11∶00.

　　[析] arrive為不及物動(dòng)詞,當(dāng)?shù)竭_(dá)的是較大的地理區(qū)域時(shí)用介詞in,而到達(dá)較小的地方時(shí)則用at, 如:arrive in New York, arrive at the village.

　　arrive reach get

　　arrive如上所述是不及物動(dòng)詞,而reach則是及物動(dòng)詞。如:How did you reach the school this morning? 而get可用作不及物動(dòng)詞,作"到達(dá)"講時(shí)其后面多與to連用。如:When did you get to New York?

　　as

　　[誤] This man works in the bank for a manager.

　　[正] This man works in the bank as a manager.

　　[析] as與for有時(shí)是可以通用的。如:This room is used as (for) a classroom. 但是用來(lái)指官銜、職位時(shí)只能用as.

　　[誤] My brother is so taller as Tom.

　　[正] My brother is as tall as Tom.

　　[析] as… as之間只能用形容詞與副詞的原級(jí),而不能用比較級(jí)。在否定句中可以用so…as,也可以用as…as,但在肯定句中只能用as…as,如:He is not so tall as Tom.

　　[誤] Ill give him the note as soon as he will come.

　　[正] Ill give him the note as soon as he comes.

　　[析] as soon as所引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中應(yīng)使用一般時(shí)態(tài)表示將來(lái)。

　　ask

　　[誤] The student asked a question to the teacher.

　　[正] The student asked the teacher a question.

　　[析] ask應(yīng)接雙賓語(yǔ),即ask somebody something.

　　[誤] They asked some books.

　　[正] They asked for some books.

　　[析] 向某人要求某物時(shí)應(yīng)用ask somebody for something或ask for something from somebody, 如:He asked his mother for some money. 或He asked for some money from his mother.

　　asleep

　　[誤] He is deeply asleep.

　　[正] He is fast asleep.

　　[析] 要講"熟睡",就要用fast來(lái)修飾asleep。另外, 在英語(yǔ)中一般不講somebody is sleeping而要用asleep。關(guān)于睡覺(jué)這一詞的慣用法還有:go to sleep(如:The old man usually goes to sleep at ten.), fall asleep(如:I fell asleep at English class yes terday.)

　　at

　　[誤] It will really do you no harm quite.

　　[正] It will really do you no harm at all.

　　[析] at all和quite的漢語(yǔ)意思均為"全然"、"確定的",但at all適用于否定句,例如: -Im sorry. Im late.

　　at in on

　　在表示時(shí)間時(shí)用來(lái)表示具體鐘點(diǎn)用at,如:He will be back at six. 表示一天的上、 下午時(shí)要用in,如:I usually get up at six in the morning. 但要注意的是,in the morning和in the afternoon這兩個(gè)詞組中如果加入了任何修飾詞,其介詞要換為on, 如:on the cold morning, on the hot afternoon.又如:See you on Monday morning. 如講到具體的某一天,要用on, 如:on Sunday, 如:I usually want to visit my mother on Sundays. 在談到周、月、季、年時(shí)要用in,如:All the children will be happy in Easter week. He was born in July. 但要注意在泛指圣誕節(jié)、復(fù)活節(jié)、感恩節(jié)時(shí)都用at, 如:Where are you going at Easter.

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