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高中英語(yǔ)作文高級(jí)詞匯：10個(gè)最�；煜挠⒄Z(yǔ)單詞
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高中英語(yǔ)作文高級(jí)詞匯：10個(gè)最�；煜挠⒄Z(yǔ)單詞
1. Irony
What you think it means: Something that is funny。你認(rèn)為單詞的含義是：滑稽的事。
What it really means: Contrary to what you are expecting。單詞的真正含義是：事與愿違的。
This is a famous one because so many people get this wrong so often. It’s also kind of hard to explain, so we’ll use an example. The Titanic was boasted about as being 100% unsinkable and then in 1912 it was sunk anyway. That is what is called cosmic irony. When a starving vegetarian eats a pepperoni pizza, that is what is called situational irony。這是一個(gè)典型的單詞，因?yàn)榻?jīng)常有人用錯(cuò)。解釋起來(lái)可能有點(diǎn)困難，所以我們還是舉例說(shuō)明吧。泰坦尼克號(hào)號(hào)稱100%不會(huì)沉沒(méi)，但1912年它還是意外沉沒(méi)了，這就叫“宇宙反諷”。要是某個(gè)餓得不行的素食者忍不住吃了塊香腸披薩，那就叫“情境反諷”。
There are other kinds too, such as dramatic irony and Socratic irony. Believe it or not, sarcasm
is actually irony. When you say something sarcastically, your tone and your words mean two opposite things. That is ironic. Irony can be funny but not everything funny is irony。當(dāng)然還有其他分類，比如“喜劇式反諷”和“蘇格拉底式反諷”。不管你信不信，irony其實(shí)和sarcasm(諷刺)是一個(gè)意思。當(dāng)說(shuō)到某件事很諷刺時(shí)，你的語(yǔ)調(diào)和用詞意在表達(dá)完全相反的兩種情況。這就是ironic(反諷)。反諷可以是滑稽的，但并不是所有滑稽的事都可以稱得上“反諷”。
2. Travesty
What you think it means: A tragedy or something unfortunate。你認(rèn)為單詞的含義是：悲劇或不幸的事。
What it really means: A mockery or parody。單詞的真正含義是：拙劣的模仿或惡搞。
This is another one that people have wrong fairly frequently. You’ve heard people call 9/11 a travesty. Truth be told 9/11 was a tragedy. A travesty is actually a mockery or a parody. One might say that a Weird Al Yankovic album is a travesty. With how often this word is associated with tragedy, we wouldn’t be shocked if that definition were eventually added as an acceptable meaning. Until then, it doesn’t mean anything bad happened。
這也是人們經(jīng)常用錯(cuò)的一個(gè)單詞。有人把9.11事件說(shuō)成travesty，其實(shí)他是想說(shuō)是個(gè)tragedy(悲劇)。Travesty其實(shí)是指拙劣的模仿或惡搞。你可以說(shuō)艾爾?揚(yáng)科維奇的專輯是travesty(惡搞的)。鑒于travesty這個(gè)單詞總是被人們和tragedy(悲劇)搞混淆，或許以后travesty里面也能加入“悲劇”的含義吧。不過(guò)到目前為止，這個(gè)單詞跟“不好的事情”完全扯不上關(guān)系。
3. Ultimate
What you think it means: The one, the only. The best。你認(rèn)為單詞的含義是：某個(gè)，唯一的，最好的。
What it really means: The last item of a list。單詞的真正含義是：列表中的最后一項(xiàng)。
Some people do actually use this one properly. You may see someone list off a bunch of things and hear them say, “Okay, at the store we need eggs, milk, juice, and ultimately, butter。” That is actually the proper use of ultimate. There is no other context or added context. It simply means the last one。確實(shí)也有人能夠正確使用這個(gè)單詞。你或許看到過(guò)別人寫出一串列單，然后聽(tīng)到他們說(shuō)：“嗯……我們要去商店買點(diǎn)雞蛋、牛奶、果汁，最后(ultimately)還有黃油�！边@才是ultimate的正確使用方法。這里不存在其他內(nèi)容或補(bǔ)充內(nèi)容，ultimate就表示“最后一個(gè)”。
4. Conversate
What you think it means: To have a conversation。你認(rèn)為單詞的含義是：進(jìn)行交談。
What it really means: Nothing。單詞的真正含義是：壓根沒(méi)有這個(gè)詞。
Conversate actually doesn’t exist and I’ll prove it to you. Go into a program that underlines words with red if they’re spelled wrong. Now type out conversate. Did you see the red line? Conversate was meant to be a mixture of conversation and converse and be used as a verb. However, converse is a verb and there really isn’t a need for a second verb to describe the same action.Conversate這個(gè)單詞其實(shí)是不存在的，這我可以證明。找個(gè)能標(biāo)紅錯(cuò)誤拼寫的程序，然后輸入conversate這個(gè)單詞，你應(yīng)該能看到這個(gè)單詞被標(biāo)了紅色下劃線吧?conversate應(yīng)該是conversation(交談)和converse(交談)的混合詞，詞性是動(dòng)詞。可是，converse(交談)本身就是動(dòng)詞，根本就沒(méi)必要再造一個(gè)動(dòng)詞來(lái)描述同一個(gè)行為了。
What you think it means: To skim or browse。你認(rèn)為單詞的含義是：略讀或?yàn)g覽。
What it really means: To observe in depth。單詞的真正含義是：深入觀察。
When you peruse something, you are actually taking a very close look at it. When you’re at a record store and you’re just running through a stack
of records, you are just browsing. If you pick up a record and look at the artist, track list, and additional information on the back, then your are perusing。當(dāng)你peruse(深入觀察)某事物時(shí)，說(shuō)明你看得非常仔細(xì)。假設(shè)你在唱片店穿過(guò)一排排的唱片架，那就是“瀏覽”。如果你拿起一張唱片查看背后的藝術(shù)家、目錄和其他信息，那就叫peruse(深入觀察)了。
6. Bemused
What you think it means: Amused。你認(rèn)為單詞的含義是：愉快的。
What it really means: Confused。單詞的真正含義是：困惑的。
This is one of the many words on this list that will make you strongly dislike the English language. Despite looking all but identical to the word amused, bemused doesn’t even come close to meaning the same thing. If you are bemused then you are actually confused。這個(gè)單詞可能本清單中“榮膺”讓你討厭英語(yǔ)的原因之一。盡管bemused(困惑的)在拼寫上跟amused(愉快的)很相似，但這兩個(gè)單詞的含義卻并不一樣。如果你bemused，說(shuō)明你其實(shí)很困惑。
7. Compelled
What you think it means: To do something voluntarily by choice。你認(rèn)為單詞的含義是：志愿選擇做某事。
What it really means: To be forced or obligated to doing something。單詞的真正含義是：被迫或有義務(wù)做某事。
This is one that people get wrong and it’s rather understandable. The real definition is very close to the definition people generally use. The difference is the motivation. When people say compelled, they think the person wants to perform the action. In fact, they are forced to do it regardless of their personal feelings. Here’s an example. When you’re in court, you are compelled to give honest testimony. You may not want to, but it doesn’t matter because you have to。這個(gè)單詞被人們搞錯(cuò)其實(shí)倒也情有可原。它的真實(shí)定義和人們通常誤用的含義很接近，但區(qū)別就在于動(dòng)機(jī)如何。當(dāng)說(shuō)到compelled(被迫)時(shí)，人們以為說(shuō)話者想做某事，但實(shí)際上，說(shuō)話者是有違自身情緒而被迫去做某事的。舉個(gè)例子，在出庭時(shí)，你就是compelled(被迫)如實(shí)作證的，你可能心里不情愿，但不管怎樣你只能這么做。
8. Nauseous
What you think it means: To feel ill。你認(rèn)為單詞的含義是：感覺(jué)不舒服。
What it really means: To cause feelings of illness。單詞的真正含義是：令人不舒服的。
This is another understandable mishap
that a lot of people make. If you actually feel sick then you are nauseated. The object that made you feel ill is nauseous. Here’s how this works. If you’re at an amusement park and you’re sitting next to a full trash can, the fumes from the trash may make you feel ill. That means the fumes from the trash can are nauseous because they are making you feel nauseated。許多人用錯(cuò)這個(gè)單詞也是情有可原的。如果你果真感到不舒服，那么你會(huì)nauseated(作嘔)，讓你感到不舒服的東西是nauseous(作嘔的)。請(qǐng)看下面的例子。假設(shè)你坐在游樂(lè)園一個(gè)滿滿的垃圾桶旁邊，垃圾桶里冒出的煙霧讓你感到不舒服。這就是說(shuō)，垃圾桶里冒出的煙霧是nauseous(令人作嘔的)，因?yàn)樗屇愀械絥auseated(作嘔)。
9. Redundant
What you think it means: Repetitive。你認(rèn)為單詞的含義是：重復(fù)的。
What it really means: Unnecessarily excessive。單詞的真正含義是：過(guò)剩的。
This one is tough because you can use it wrong but unintentionally use it right. When you repeat something a bunch of times, it can become redundant, but redundant expands far beyond just repeating things over and over. A popular thing companies are doing now is firing people but instead of calling it “getting fired,” they call it “eliminating redundancies�！� The premise being that the employee they’re firing is unnecessary and excessive and they are thus eliminating them. In pretty much any scenario where there is simply too much of something, it is redundant。這個(gè)單詞有點(diǎn)復(fù)雜，因?yàn)槟憧赡芸倳?huì)用錯(cuò)，卻也不一定什么時(shí)候就用對(duì)了。當(dāng)你不斷重復(fù)某事很多次后，事情可能就會(huì)變得redundant(多余的)，但是redundant這個(gè)詞所包含的意思遠(yuǎn)不止“不斷重復(fù)”。當(dāng)下公司都很流行解聘雇員，但他們不會(huì)說(shuō)“炒你魷魚”，而是稱之為“裁員”;但前提是，被裁的員工是可有可無(wú)的、多余的，這樣就可以裁掉了。在很多情況下，如果某事太多太剩，那就是redundant(多余的)了。
10. Enormity
What you think it means: Huge, enormous。你認(rèn)為單詞的含義是：巨大的，龐大的。
What it really means: Profoundly immoral or evil。單詞的真正含義是：極其不道德的或邪惡的。
Don’t beat yourself up over this one because no one knows this one off the top of their head. Enormity sounds like enormous and as with many of our other examples, here we expect words that sound alike to have similar meanings. Enormity simply means really evil. An example of how to use it is the following: “The enormity of the crimes committed by the Nazis in World War II�！� It doesn’t mean the enormous crimes, it means the heinous crimes。不要因?yàn)橛缅e(cuò)這個(gè)單詞而自責(zé)，因?yàn)闆](méi)多少人能不假思索地知道這個(gè)單詞。Enormity(窮兇惡極)的發(fā)音和enormous(龐大的)比較相近，正如先前提過(guò)的許多例子一樣，對(duì)于發(fā)音相似的單詞，人們也很容易認(rèn)為它們的意思也一樣。Enormity是指“極其邪惡”。舉個(gè)例子來(lái)說(shuō)明如何使用這個(gè)單詞吧�！凹{粹分子在二戰(zhàn)中犯下的罪行是enormity(窮兇惡極的)�！彼皇钦f(shuō)enormous(龐大的)罪行，而是指十惡不赦的罪行。
易混淆拼錯(cuò)的英語(yǔ)單詞
1) quite 相當(dāng) quiet 安靜地
2) affect v 影響, 假裝 effect n 結(jié)果, 影響
3) adapt 適應(yīng) adopt 采用 adept 內(nèi)行
4) angel 天使 angle 角度
5) dairy 牛奶廠 diary日記
6) contend奮斗, 斗爭(zhēng) content 內(nèi)容, 滿足的 context 上下文 contest 競(jìng)爭(zhēng), 比賽
7) principal 校長(zhǎng), 主要的 principle 原則
8) implicit 含蓄的 explicit 明白的
9) dessert 甜食 desert 沙漠 v 放棄 dissert 寫論文
10) pat 輕拍 tap 輕打 slap 掌擊 rap 敲，打
11) decent 正經(jīng)的 descent n 向下, 血統(tǒng) descendv 向下
12) sweet 甜的 sweat 汗水
13) later 后來(lái) latter 后者 latest 最近的 lately adv 最近
14) costume 服裝 custom 習(xí)慣
15) extensive 廣泛的 intensive 深刻的
16) aural 耳的 oral 口頭的
17) abroad 國(guó)外 aboard 上（船，飛機(jī)）
18) altar 祭壇 alter 改變
19) assent 同意 ascent 上升 accent 口音
20) champion 冠軍 champagne 香檳酒 campaign 戰(zhàn)役
21) baron 男爵 barren 不毛之地的 barn 古倉(cāng)
22) beam 梁， 光束 bean 豆 been have 過(guò)去式
23) precede 領(lǐng)先 proceed 進(jìn)行，繼續(xù)
24) pray 祈禱 prey 獵物
25) chicken 雞 kitchen 廚房
26) monkey 猴子 donkey 驢
27) chore 家務(wù)活 chord 和弦 cord 細(xì)繩
28) cite 引用 site 場(chǎng)所 sight 視覺(jué)
29) clash （金屬）幢擊聲 crash 碰幢，墜落 crush 壓壞
30) compliment 贊美 complement 附加物
31) confirm 確認(rèn) conform 使順從
32) contact 接觸 contract 合同 contrast 對(duì)照
33) council 議會(huì) counsel 忠告 consul 領(lǐng)事
34) crow 烏鴉 crown 王冠 clown 小丑 cow 牛
35) dose 一劑藥 doze 打盹
36) drawn draw 過(guò)去分詞 drown 溺水
37) emigrant 移民到國(guó)外 immigrant 從某國(guó)來(lái)的移民
38) excess n 超過(guò) exceed v超過(guò) excel 擅長(zhǎng)
39) hotel 青年旅社 hostel 旅店
40) latitude 緯度 altitude 高度 gratitude 感激
41) immoral 不道德 的 immortal 不朽的
42) lone 孤獨(dú)的 alone 單獨(dú)的 lonely 寂寞的
43) mortal 不死的 metal 金屬 mental 神經(jīng)的 medal 勛章 model 模特meddle 玩弄
44) scare 驚嚇 scarce 缺乏的
45) drought 天旱 draught 通風(fēng), 拖 拉 draughts (英)國(guó)際跳棋
47) assure 保證 ensure 使確定 insure 保險(xiǎn)
48) except 除外 expect 期望 accept 接受 excerpt 選錄 exempt 免除
49) floor 地板 flour 面粉
50) incident 事件 accident 意外
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