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公共英語一級(jí)閱讀文章《海水鹽度》
公共英語一級(jí)的難度不大，但是閱讀理解還是不少考生容易出錯(cuò)的。下面，小編為大家送上一篇公共英語一級(jí)閱讀文章，歡迎閱讀。
The Salinity of Ocean Waters
If the salinity of ocean waters is analyzed, it is found to vary only slightly from place to place. Nevertheless, some of these small changes are important. There are three basic processes that cause a change in oceanic salinity.
One of these is the subtraction of water from the ocean by means of evaporation - conversion of liquid water to water vapor. In this manner the salinity is increased, since the salts stay behind. If this is carried to the extreme, of course, white crystals of salt would be left behind.
The opposite of evaporation is precipitation, such as rain, by which water is added to the ocean. Here the ocean is being diluted so that the salinity is decreased. This may occur in areas of high rainfall or in coastal regions where rivers flow into the ocean. Thus salinity may be increased by the subtraction of water by evaporation, or decreased by the addition of fresh water by precipitation or runoff.
Normally, in tropical regions where the sun is very strong, the ocean salinity is somewhat higher than it is in other parts of the world where there is not as much evaporation. Similarly, in coastal regions where rivers dilute the sea, salinity is somewhat lower than in other oceanic areas.
A third process by which salinity may be altered is associated with the formation and melting of sea ice. When sea water is frozen, the dissolved materials are left behind. In this manner, sea water directly beneath freshly formed sea ice has a higher salinity than it did before the ice appeared. Of course, when this ice melts, it will tend to decrease the salinity of the surrounding water. In the Weddell Sea Antarctica, the densest water in the oceans is formed as a result of this freezing process, which increases the salinity of cold water. This heavy water sinks and is found in the deeper portions of the oceans of the world.
海水鹽度
如果我們分析海水的鹽度，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)地區(qū)間只有輕微的變化，然而有些小的變化是重要的。導(dǎo)致海洋的鹽度變化的基本過程有三個(gè)，其中之一是通過蒸發(fā)的方式即把液態(tài)水轉(zhuǎn)化為水蒸氣來減少海洋中的水分。這樣由于鹽留了下來，所以鹽度增大。當(dāng)然，如果這種方式走向極端，將會(huì)余下白色的鹽晶體。與蒸發(fā)相反的是降水，如降雨，由此水被加入海中，海水被稀釋，從而鹽度降低。這種情形會(huì)發(fā)生在大量降雨的地區(qū)，或江河入海岸處。因此，鹽度通過蒸發(fā)減少水分而上升或通過降水或徑流增加淡水成分而下降。一般來說，在陽光很強(qiáng)烈的熱帶地區(qū)，海水的鹽度略高于世界上其它沒有熱帶那樣多的蒸發(fā)的地區(qū)。同理，在江河稀釋海水的海岸地帶，海水鹽度略低于其它海區(qū)。第三個(gè)可以變更鹽度的過程與海洋中冰的形成和融化有關(guān)。海水凍結(jié)時(shí)，溶于其中的物質(zhì)被留了下來。這樣，在新形成的海 水冰面的正下方的海水比在冰形成之前有更高的鹽度。當(dāng)然，當(dāng)冰融化的時(shí)候，會(huì)降低周圍水中的鹽度。 在南極洲邊緣的威德爾海中，結(jié)冰過程增加低溫海水的鹽度，從而形成了濃度最大的海水。這些大密度的海水下沉，可以在世界海洋的深水域發(fā)現(xiàn)。
附：公共英語一級(jí)解題技巧
1.細(xì)節(jié)題
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2.是非題
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4.釋義題
此類題目并非單純考查考生的詞匯，而是考查考生根據(jù)上下文猜測單詞詞義及某個(gè)單詞在具體語境中的具體含義。對(duì)于此類題目只要考生理解其所在句子所要表達(dá)的意思，就能很容易地推出該單詞的含義。
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