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全國公共英語一級考試閱讀精選試題及解析
在平平淡淡的日常中，我們最離不開的就是試題了，試題可以幫助學(xué)�；蚋髦鬓k方考察參試者某一方面的知識才能。一份好的試題都是什么樣子的呢？以下是小編為大家收集的全國公共英語一級考試閱讀精選試題及解析，僅供參考，歡迎大家閱讀。
全國公共英語一級考試閱讀試題及解析 1
The stone age， The Iron Age. Entire epochs have been named for materials. So what to call the decades ahead? The choice will be tough. Welcome to the age of superstuff. Material science —— once the least sexy technology - is bursting with new， practical discoveries led by superconducting ceramics that may revolutionize electronics. But superconductors are just part of the picture： from house and cars to cook pots and artificial teeth， the world will someday be made of different stuff. Exotic plastics， glass and ceramics will shape the future just as surely as have genetic engineering and computer science.
The key to the new materials is researchers‘ increasing ability to manipulate substances at the molecular level. Ceramics， for example， have long been limited by their brittleness. But by minimizing the microscopic imperfections that cause it， scientists are making far stronger ceramics that still retain such qualities as hardness and heat resistance. Ford Motor Co. now uses ceramic tools to cut steel. A firm called Kyocera has created a line of ceramic scissors and knives that stay sharp for years and never rust or corrode.
A similar transformation has overtaken plastics. High-strength polymers now form bridges， ice-skating rinks and helicopter rotors. And one new plastic that generates electricity when vibrated or pushed is used in electric guitars， touch sensors for robot hands and karate jackets that automatically record each punch and chop. Even plastic litter， which once threatened to permanently blot the landscape， has proved amenable to molecular tinkering. Several manufacturers now make biodegradable forms; some plastic six-pack rings for example， gradually decompose when exposed to sunlight. Researchers are developing ways to make plastics as recyclable as metal or glass. Besides， composites - plastic reinforced with fibers of graphite or other compounds - made the round-the-world flight of the voyager possible and have even been proved in combat： a helmet saved an infantryman‘s life by deflecting two bullets in the Grenada invasion.
Some advanced materials are old standard with a new twist. The newest fiberoptic cable that carry telephone calls cross-country are made of glass so transparent that a piece of 100 miles thick is clearer than a standard window pane.
But new materials have no impact until they are made into products. And that transition could prove difficult， for switching requires lengthy research and investment. It can be said a firmer handle on how to move to commercialization will determine the success or failure of a country in the near future.
1. How many new materials are mentioned in this passage?
[A]Two
[B]Three
[C]Four
[D]Five
2. Why does the author mention genetic engineering and computer science?
[A]To compare them with the new materials.
[B]To show the significance of the new materials on the future world.
[C]To compare the new materials to them.
[D]To explain his view point.
3. Why is transition difficult?
[A]Because transition requires money and time.
[B]Because many manufacturers are unwilling to change their equipment.
[C]Because research on new materials is very difficult.
[D]Because it takes 10 years.
4. Where lies success of a country in the New Age of superstuff?
[A]It lies in research.
[B]It lies in investment.
[C]It lies in innovation.
[D]It lies in application.
Vocabulary
1. superstuff 超級材料
2.superconducting ceramic 超導(dǎo)陶瓷
3. exotic 神奇的
4. shape 塑造，成型
5. brittleness 脆性
6. polymer 聚合體
7. karate jacket 空手道外衣
8. touch sensor 觸及傳感器
9. each punch and chop 每一個擊、打
10. blot 玷污，損害風(fēng)景的東西
11. tinker 修補，調(diào)整
12. amendable 服從于，遵循的
13. biodegradable 能生物遞減分解的
14. six-pack rings 放六個罐子的環(huán)狀物
15. decompose 分解
16. recyclable 可循環(huán)(使用的)
17. infantryman 步兵
18. deflect 使偏斜，使轉(zhuǎn)向
19. a new twist 一個新的觀點，方法
答案詳解
1.B 三種超導(dǎo)材料。答案再第一段最后一句“神奇的塑料、玻璃和陶瓷”。下面各段具體講這三種材料。第二段講陶瓷：“新材料之關(guān)鍵在于研究工作者不斷提高在分子水平上處理物質(zhì)的能力。舉陶瓷為例，由于它的 脆性，長期來應(yīng)用范圍有限。但是通過改善導(dǎo)致脆性的微小缺陷，科學(xué)家制造出一種保持原有硬度和抗熱性，但堅實得多的陶瓷”。第三段講塑料。“類似的.轉(zhuǎn)折發(fā)生在塑料上，高強度的塑料建成了橋梁、溜冰場、直升機的葉輪。一種震動或推動就能發(fā)電的新型塑料用于電子吉他上，觸及傳感塑料用于機械手和空手道外衣上，它能自動記錄每次擊打。”后面談及塑料垃圾可以處理，或者制造可分解還原的塑料制品。塑料內(nèi)加入其他化合物加強性能。第四段講有些高級材料由新的改變，最新的光纖電纜由玻璃制成，透明度極高，100英里厚的一塊其清晰度比一塊普通窗玻璃還高。
2.B 說明這種新材料對未來世界的意義。答案在第一段：“神奇的塑料、玻璃和陶瓷一定會象生物工程和計算機一樣將改變世界�！�
A.把它們和新材料相比較，這里不僅僅是比較，而是說明三者都具同樣的作用——改變世界。
C.把新材料比作它們。也不僅僅是比喻比擬。與A一樣沒有說到核心電。
D.說明他的觀點。太籠統(tǒng)。
3.A 轉(zhuǎn)折需要錢和時間。見最后一段“可是新材料只有制成產(chǎn)品才有影響，而這個轉(zhuǎn)折可能很困難，因為轉(zhuǎn)折需要長期的研究和投資�？梢赃@么說，在不久的將來，更牢牢地掌握如何把材料轉(zhuǎn)變成商品將決定一個國家之成敗�！�
B.因為許多制造商不愿改變他們的設(shè)備。
C.因為新材料的研究非常困難。
D.轉(zhuǎn)折要華上十年時間。這三項文內(nèi)沒有涉及。
4.D 在超級材料時代已過之成功在于應(yīng)用。
A.在于研究
B.在于投資。
C.在于革新。這三項都是應(yīng)用的部分前提。其中A和B文內(nèi)提到，C項文內(nèi)未涉及。
全國公共英語一級考試閱讀試題及解析 2
I will always remember my mother's last few days in this world.
On February 14th，2000，my class went on a field trip to the beach. I had so much fun. When we returned to school，my teacher told me to go to the headmaster's office. When I got into the office，I saw a police officer. Suddenly I realized something was wrong. The police officer told me what had happened and we went to pick my sister up. After that，we went to the hospital and waited. Time went slowly. Finally，we got to see our mother. It was terrible.
On the next day，the headmaster came and told my two teachers what had happened. I was taking a rest that day. I knew it had something to do with my mother. I kept thinking that she either died or had gotten better. How I wished that she had gotten better. When my teacher took me outside，my sister ran up to me. She started crying，"She's gone. Teresa，mommy's gone. She's dead." I couldn't believe it. We jumped into the car and drove straight to the hospital. Most of my family were there. The silence was terrible. I knew I had to say goodbye.
Today when I look back，I still miss my mother very much，but I know that I will live. My mother was a strong mother，who had the biggest heart. My mother was an angel walking on the earth. I will always remember her as living. When someone is asked who their hero is，they usually say someone famous，like Michael Jordan or Britney Spears. When someone asks me who my hero is，I tell them，my mother. My mother lives every day. That is what makes her a true hero.
根據(jù)以上短文內(nèi)容，然后從每題所給的四個選項中選擇最佳選項。
1. Where was the writer when she learned her mother was very ill？
A. On the beach. B. At the hospital.
C. At school. D. At home.
2. Who brought the writer the bad news that her mother was ill？
A. Her sister. B. The headmaster.
C. Her teacher. D. The police officer.
3. What did the headmaster tell the two teachers on the next day？
A. Her mother had been very ill.
B. Her mother had been dead.
C. Her mother had gotten better.
D. Her sister came to see her.
4. From the last paragraph of the passage we know that _______.
A. the writer is afraid of her mother
B. the writer is proud of her mother
C. the writer feels sad about her mother
D. the writer feels sorry for her mother
5. The writer must think her mother is a _______ woman.
A. famous B. free
C. rich D. great
答案與解析
1. 選C.根據(jù)短文的第2段句子When we returned to school，my teacher told me to…可知，當(dāng)我回到學(xué)校以后，才得知母親生病的消息，即當(dāng)作者得知母親病重時，當(dāng)時她is at school（在學(xué)校）。
2. 選D.根據(jù)第2段的句子The police officer told me what had happened and…可知，老師叫我去校長辦公室，但真正告訴我發(fā)生了什么事的是the police officer.故答案選D.
3. 選B.在短文的第3段開頭講到了第二天發(fā)生的事。校長告訴我的兩個老師發(fā)生了什么事，然后緊接著借妹妹之口：She's gone. Teresa，mommy's gone. She's dead.使讀者知道，校長告訴老師的事是My mother had been dead（我的母親死了）。
4. 選B.在短文的最后一段，作者反復(fù)提到這樣的`字眼：a strong mother，had the biggest heart，an angel，字里行間都充滿著自豪之情。故答案選B.
5. 選D.最后一段說母親有世界上最寬容的心，她是一位 strong母親，她是一位真正的英雄，這些都說明了在作者心中母親很great（偉大）。
全國公共英語一級考試閱讀試題及解析 3
In recent years many countries of the world have been faced with the problem of how to make their workers more productive. Some experts claim the answer is to make jobs more varied. But do more various jobs lead to greater productivity? There is evidence to suggest that while variety certainly makes the worker’s life more enjoyable, it does not actually make him work harder. As far as increasing productivity is concerned, then variety is not an important factor.
Other experts feel that giving the worker freedom to do his job in his own way is important, and there is no doubt that this is true. The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinery which must be used in a fixed way. Thus while freedom of choice may be important, there is usually very little that can be done to create it.
Another very important consideration is how each worker contributes to the product he is making. In most factories the worker sees only one part of the product. Some car factories are now experimenting with having many small production lines rather than one large one, so that each worker contributes more to the production of the cars on his line. It would seem that not only is degree of the worker contribution an important factor, therefore, but it is also one we can do something about.
To what extent does more money lead to greater productivity? The workers themselves certainly think this is important. But perhaps they want more money only because the work they do is boring. Money just lets them enjoy their spare time more. A similar argument may explain demands for shorter working hours. Perhaps if we succeed in making their jobs more interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them.
1. Which of the following is the best way to make workers work harder according to the author?
A. Increasing their pay.
B. Giving them more spare time.
C. Making the work itself meaningful.
D. Replacing large production lines with small ones.
2. The reason why a worker cannot have freedom in doing the job in his own way is that _______.
A. the machinery is so complex that it should be fixed
B. the production lines are too large in modern factories
C. the bosses can create very little freedom of choices for workers
D. the machines must be operated strictly according to instructions and rules
3. For a worker on an assembly line in a car factory, the job is not enjoyable because _______.
A. he can only make a part of a car
B. he does not know what he is doing
C. his life in spare time is more interesting
D. the importance of his job is not clear to him
4. In the article, the word “productivity” means _______.
A. the activity of producing something
B. the production volume in a time unit
C. the plan and the method of production
D. both the quantity and quality of a product
5. The best title for this passage may be _______.
A. Problems of Modern Workers
B. Making Jobs More Interesting
C. Pushing Workers to Produce More
D. How to Improve Labor Conditions
【答案與解析】 本文分析的是專家們就如何提高工人勞動生產(chǎn)率的問題所提出的不同觀點。
1. C。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句Perhaps if we succeed in making their jobs more interesting, they will neither want more money, nor will shorter working hours be so important to them 可推斷如果工作本身有意義，更多的錢和更短的工作時間對工人們來說就不那么重要了。因此可推出答案為C。
2. D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第2段The problem is that this kind of freedom cannot easily be given in the modern factory with its complicated machinery which must be used in a fixed way 中 must be used in a fixed way（必須按固定的方式），可推知答案為D。
3. D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第3段 In most factories the worker sees only one part of the product…工人看到的'只是產(chǎn)品的一部分，而沒有意識到做出的貢獻，即不清楚工作的重要性，因此認(rèn)為工作不令人愉快。由此可推出答案為D。
4. B。推理判斷題。推斷詞義。文章中多次出現(xiàn)這個詞。根據(jù)第1段第一句how to make their workers more productive（多產(chǎn)的），怎樣使工人的在一定時間內(nèi)生產(chǎn)出更多產(chǎn)品。But do more various jobs lead to greater productivity？和 To what extent does more money lead to greater productivity?由此可猜測該詞指產(chǎn)品數(shù)量，故答案為B。
5.C。主旨大意題。根據(jù)第1段第1句the problem of how to make their workers more productive(如何使工人的工作更有效)，即如何提高勞動生產(chǎn)率。故答案為C。
全國公共英語一級考試閱讀試題及解析 4
1 If someone says to you your music CDs don’t really hold any music on them, and they only have numbers recorded on them, you may not believe it. In fact, he is right in that sound is actually recorded onto the CDs as special numbers — a digital code.1 The code is pressed onto the CD as bumps on a long spiral track almost five kilometerslong. These bumps are an average of 0.5 microns wide.
2 A small laser beam shines onto the bumps as the CD turns. The light is reflected back to a receiver that records how the laser light bounces back. This lets the CD player2 turn the reflected light back into the original code. This means you can hear the original code as music.
3 Digital codes are used with many technologies. E-mail needs these kinds of code numbers. Space probes communicate with their ground station on earth using digital codes. Bar codes are read as digital codes in computer systems. Digital communications with cell phones need digital codes. Weather radios also tune in to specific signals using these codes.
4 There are many types of compact disk. One format is called CD-RWs. They can be recorded on and re-recorded on (rewritten on) as you would do with a floppy disk3. Another format is the CD-ROM. The technology for recording on these disks is different from other CDs. These CDs have a dye layer that the CD writer can darken or leave clear. The clear and dark spots are the digital code. CD-ROM stands for Compact Disc — Read Only
Memory.4 This disk is like a “super” floppy disk that can hold lots of information. One CD-ROM can hold the same amount of data as 500 floppy disks. Information is permanently recorded onto it. Computer games and other programs are considered to be CD-ROMs.
5 CDs were first sold to the public in 1982. These CDs still play well and sound fine. Current CDs are expectedto last between 70 to 200 years. Of course, you can make sure your CDs last a long time by taking care of them.
6 Science keeps on developing. It may not be many more years before a completely new technology is invented5 and introduced to the public for music recording. In the meantime, there is no doubt you will continue to enjoy listening to your favorite music on CDs6 and playing your favorite computer games on CD-ROMs.
練習(xí):
1.Paragraphs 1 & 2__________
2. Paragraph 3__________
3.Paragraph 4__________
4.Paragraph 5__________
A Digital Code Has Wide Applications
B Floppy Disks Are Outdated
C CDs Are Durable
D CD’s Working Principle Is Explained
E CD-RWs Play Better Than CD-ROWs
F CDs Are of Many Formats
5. One advantage of CD-RWs is that they can like floppy disks.
6. The author predicts it will not before a new technology is invented for music recording.
7. The laser beam-emitting device and the receiver are considered to of a CD player.
8. Space probes could not without using digital codes.
A shine on bumps
B take many more years
C be the key parts
D restore the original code
E be written on and rewritten on
F keep contact with their ground station efficiently
答案與題解 :
1. D第一、二段介紹了 CD的工作原理。聲音以數(shù)碼的形式刻錄到 CD磁片上。要想聽聲音，就得用 CD放機，CD機用激光照射 CD，接收機接收和分析從 CD反射回來的激光波，還原為原來的數(shù)碼，再轉(zhuǎn)換為原來的聲音。所以， D是答案。
2. A 第三段第一句“ Digital codes are used with many technologies.”是主題句。本段其他句子提供例證，即應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域。作者列舉了 5個領(lǐng)域：電郵、航天通訊、條碼、手機和天氣預(yù)報。選項 A的“Digital code has wide applications”與主題句的意思完全吻合，所以是答案。
3. F 第四段第一句：“ There are many types of compact disks.”是主題句。本段其他句子列舉了兩種常用的 CD格式(format)：一種是 CD-RW，另一種是 CD-ROM。選項 F的“CDs are of many formats”概括了本段的大意，是答案。
4.C 第五段說的是 CD碟片經(jīng)久耐用， 1982年上市的` CD碟片至今還能使用，其音質(zhì)依舊。現(xiàn)在上市的 CD，更加耐用，如果使用得當(dāng)，其壽命可達 70～200年。選項 C用了 durable予以概括是很恰當(dāng)?shù)�，所以�?C是答案。 5. E 第四段中出現(xiàn) CD-RW這個詞，介紹了“ They can be recorded on and re-recorded on (rewritten on)。這就是選 E的依據(jù)。
6. B第六段能找到與答案有關(guān)的句子，但 It may not be many more years before a completely new technology is invented and introduced to the public for music recording.
7. C 第二段說到在 CD機上還原數(shù)碼時依靠的是激光發(fā)射裝置和按收器。由此我們可以推論出激光發(fā)射器和接收器是 CD機的主要部件。所以 C是答案。
8. F 第三段第三句“ Space probes communicate with their ground station on earth using digital codes.”是選 F的依據(jù)。
全國公共英語一級考試閱讀試題及解析 5
Gadgets for Work and Play
It's 7: 45 in the morning，and 26-year-old Steve Clarkson is going to work. He puts on his jacket，and picks up his mobile phone and laptop. As he leaves the house，he turns on his MP3 player and puts on his headphone. He is ready to go.
Today，for millions of people，gadgets like Clarkson's are a normal part of life. "I'm a reporter for a magazine，and I'm usually not in the office. My mobile phone and laptop help me to do my work both on the road and at home，"says Clarkson. Today many people can check e-mails, send messages，or surf the Web，using their mobile phones.
Tina Fang is studying photography in New York City. "Some of these gadgets are expensive，but they can save your money in the long run. I have a digital camera. I can use it to take eighty pictures and shoot video (record an image onto video) at the same time. I listen to music on my MP3 player，and I can download and read books on it，too. I use the camera and MP3 for both learning and fun."
It's now 9: 45. Steve Clarkson gets an e-mails from his 17-year-old sister. She has a gadget that lets her send e-mails，play games，and take notes. She is in class right now. "I e-mailed her back. I told her to stop playing，and pay attention," laughs Clarkson. "These gadgets are fun，but sometimes they can distract people，too."
1. What is Steve Clarkson?
A. A student.
B. A reporter.
C. A businessman.
D. A computer programmer.
2. Which of the following things is not a gadget?
A. A picture. B. A laptop.
C. An MP3 player. D. A mobile phone.
3. When his sister had lessons，Steve told her _____.
A. to pay no attention
B. to e-mail him back right away
C. to stop playing games
D. to listen to music on the MP3 player
答案及解析：
1．選B，根據(jù)第二段中I'm a reporter for a magazine，and I'm usually not in the office.可知Steve Clarkson是個reporter.
2．選A，選項A: a picture不屬于gadget，其他三項均在文中提到過，屬于gadget。
3．選C，根據(jù)文中"I e-mailed her back. I told her to stop playing，and pay attention，"可知選C。
全國公共英語一級考試閱讀試題及解析 6
Macao, also called Macau, is on the western side of the Pearl River entrance, at the head of which is the Chinese port of Guangdong and it stands opposite Hong Kong which is on the eastern side of the entrance. It is made of a small narrow peninsulasticking out from Guangdong province. The total area of Macao is about 21.45 square kilometers, and it is made up of three parts: Macao Peninsula, Dingbat Isle and Lehman Isle.
Between Macao Peninsula and Dingbat Isle there are two bridges which join the two parts together, and there is also a highway between the Dingbat and Lehman Isles. Therefore, two bridges and one highway make the three parts of Macao into an integrated region.
Macao faces to the vast sea and its back is the Pearl River Delta. The two big cities, Hong Kong and Guangzhou, and the two special economic zones Hula and Shenzhen are its neighbors. All of this offers much advantage for its economic development.
Macao has a population of about 450, 000. This is very large against the size of the area. The average population density(密度) reaches 20, 000 per square kilometer. It is one of the densest population regions in the world. The majority of its people are Chinese, who make up 96% of the whole population.
1. Which is the advantage for Macao’s economic development?
A. Macao is on the coast line.
B. Macao is near some big cities or special economic zones.
C. Macao’s back is a rich delta.
D. All of the above.
2. In Macao there are only about _______ people who are not Chinese.
A. 18,000 B. 20,000
C. 21,450 D. 428,000
【答案與解析】文章主要介紹澳門(Macao)的人口、地理位置和經(jīng)濟優(yōu)勢。
1. D。事實細節(jié)題。從倒數(shù)第2段可知A、B、C三項都正確，即答案選D。
2. A。推理判斷題。從文章的最后一段可知在Macao有96%是中國人，有4%不是，從Macao has a population of about 450, 000可知450000×4%=18000，故答案選A。
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