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非謂語從句專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練
英語中的非謂語動(dòng)詞是整個(gè)英語語法當(dāng)中非常重要的部分，也是學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的一個(gè)難點(diǎn)。以下是小編整理的非謂語從句的幾個(gè)用法的習(xí)題，希望對(duì)大家有所幫助
習(xí)題
A.作時(shí)間狀語：
eg.)①_______ (hear) the bad news, they couldn’t help crying.
= _______________, they couldn’t help crying.
�、赪hen/ While( _____ _____ ) ____ (take) around the city, we were deeply impressed by the city’s new look.
While/When (I was) _____ (wander) through the square, I caught sight of a snake-charmer.
③_______ (finish) his work, he went home.
=_____________, he went home.
B.作原因狀語：
Eg.) ①_____ (be poor), he could not afford to travel abroad.
=____________, he could not afford to travel abroad.
________ (encourage) by his heroic deeds, they worked harder.
_______ (lose) in thought, he almost ran into a post.
________ (frighten) by the big forest fire, the animals all ran away.
_____ (not know) her address, we couldn't get in touch with her.
�、赺_____ (never be) to the city, he soon got lost.
_________ (not receive) his letter, I decided to call him up.
=_____________.
C.方式/伴隨狀語;
Eg.)①She watched the film, _____ (weep ) and ___ (sigh).
�、赥he teacher stood there, ______ (surround) by a lot of students.
D.作條件狀語：
Eg.)①______ (give) another chance, I would have done the job far better.
=______________ , I would have done the job far better.
�、�(If) _____ (play) all day, you will waste your valuable time.
E.作結(jié)果狀語：(意料中的結(jié)果)
Eg.)① The hunters fired, _____(shoot) one of the wolves.
�、赥he bus was held up by the snowstorm, thus _____ (cause) the delay.
區(qū)別: 不定式表示意外的結(jié)果
eg.) He hurried to the station, only ____ (find) the train had left.
F.作讓步狀語：
Eg.)①Though ____ (rain) heavily, it cleared up very soon.
= _____________, it cleared up very soon.
②Though _____ (tell) of the danger, he still risked his life to save the boy.
分詞作狀語時(shí), 需注意事項(xiàng):
A.分詞短語作狀語時(shí),它的邏輯主語通常應(yīng)是________ :
____ (see) from the hill, the city is beautiful.
___ (see) from the hill, you can see the whole city.
鞏固性練習(xí)
1. Though ____ of the danger， he still went skating on the thin ice.
A. warning B. to warn C. warn D. warned
2. ____ from this point of view， the question will be of great importance.
A. Considering B. Considered C. Being considered D. Consider
3. ____ and ____， they ran out of the room.
A. Being excited; happily B. Exciting; happy
C. Exciting; happily D. Excited; happy
4. ____ deep down in the earth， the dead forests rotted away and became coal.
A. Buried B. Burying
C. To bury D. Being buried
5. If ____ green， the door might look more beautiful.
A. paint B. painted C. painting D. to paint
6. Eva， ____ in Canada， lived and practiced law in America.
A. was born B. he was born C. although born D. being born
7. Anna was reading a piece of science fiction， ____ completely to the outside world.
A. being lost B. having lost C. losing D. lost
8. Everything ____， it wasn’t a bad holiday.
A. considering B. considered C. to consider D. consider
9. ____ with a difficult situation， Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.
A. To face B. Having faced C. Faced D. Facing
10. When first ____ to the market， these products enjoyed great success.
A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. beingintroduced
11. ____， the old man is living a happy life.
A. Taking good care B. Taken good care
C. Having taken good care D. Taken good care of
12. He was sitting there， ____ in deep thought.
A. lose B. lost C. loss D. losing
13. We are certain that everything will go well as ____.
A. to be planned B. planned C. being planned D. having been planned
14. ——What’s wrong?
——I want to know why you didn’t do as ____.
A. to be told B. telling C. told D. told to
15. When ____， the museum will be open to the public next year.
A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed
16..______ more attention,the trees could have grown better.
A.To give B.Having given C.Given D.Giving
17.______ in thought,he almost ran into the car in front of him.
A.To lose B.Lost C.Having lost D.Losing
18.______ the railway station,we had a break,only ______ the train had left.
A.Arriving at;to find B.Coming to;discovering that
C.On arriving at;finding out D.Hurrying to;to have found out
19.______ these pictures,I couldn’t help thinking of those days when I was in Being and ______ from the top of a thirty-storeyed building,Beijing looks more beautiful.
A.Seeing;seen B.Seen;seeing C.Seeing;seeing D.Seen;seen
20.______ his head high,the manager walked into the room to attend the meeting ______ then.
A.Holding;being held B.Held;holding C.Having held;held D.Held;to be held
21.Her husband died in 1980 and had nothing ______ to her,only ______ her five children.
A.left;to leave B.leaving;leaving C.leaving;left D.left;leaving
22.______ maps properly,you need a special pen.
A.Drawn B.Drawing C.To draw D.Be drawing
23.Greatly movedd by her words, ______ .
A.tears came to his eyes B .he could hardly hold back his tears
C. tears could hardly be held back D. his eyes were filled with tears.
24.When ______ why he walked in without permission,he just stared at us and said nothing.
A.been asked B.asked C.asking D.to be asked
25.______ his telephone number,she had some difficulty getting in touch with Bill.
A.Not knowing B.Knowing not C.Not having known D.Having not know
26.Sometimes new ideas have to be tested many times before ______ .
A.accepting fully B.being fully accepted C.fully accepting D.fully being accepted
答案
1—5 DBDAB 6—10CDBCB 11—15DBBDA 16—20CBAAA 21—26ABBBAB
拓展：非謂語從句和定語從句
非謂語從句
英語中的非是整個(gè)當(dāng)中非常重要的部分，也是學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的一個(gè)難點(diǎn)。其實(shí)，我們可以從從句的角度來解釋非，弄清非謂語動(dòng)詞與從句的關(guān)系，這樣會(huì)使學(xué)生對(duì)非謂語動(dòng)詞有更好的了解，學(xué)習(xí)起來更容易。
I. v-ing 形式與從句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換
1. v-ing形式作主語可換成that引導(dǎo)的主語從句
Tom's knowing English helps him in learning French. That Tom knows English helps him in learning English.
Her being out of work was unexpected. That she was out of work was unexpected.
2. v-ing形式作賓語或賓補(bǔ)可換成that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句
I remember having paid him for his work. I remember that I have paid him for his work.
He suggests our making better use of the school library. He suggests that we (should) make better use of the school library.
3. v-ing形式作表語可換成that引導(dǎo)的表語從句
Our worry is your depending too much on him. Our worry is that you depend too much on him.
The question is many people's being trapped in the fire. The question is that many people are trapped in the fire.
4. v-ing形式作定語可換成that, who, which引導(dǎo)的定語從句
We will study in the house facing south. We will study in the house that / which faces south.
The man talking to my teacher is my father. The man who / that is talking to my teacher is my father.
5. v-ing形式作狀語可換成相應(yīng)狀語從句
On arriving there, I will telephone you. As soon as I arrive there, I will telephone you.
While waiting for the bus, I caught sight of her. While I was waiting for the bus, I caught sight of her.
另外，v-ing形式在句中表伴隨或作結(jié)果狀語，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)并列句，也可和with結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換。
He died, leaving his daughter much money. He died, and (he) left his daughter much money.
He died, with his daughter much money.
II. V-ed形式與從句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換
1. v-ed形式作定語可換成定語從句
The question discussed yesterday is very important. The question that / which was discussed yesterday is very important.
The boy lost in thought is my brother. The boy who is lost in thought is my brother.
2. v-ed形式作賓補(bǔ)可換成賓語從句
I found the room broken into and a lot of things stolen. I found (that) the room had been broken into and a lot of things had been stolen.
3. v-ed形式作狀語可換成狀語從句
(If) heated, water will turn into steam. If it is heated, water will turn into steam.
Don't speak until spoken to. Don't speak until you are spoken to.
III. to do形式與從句的轉(zhuǎn)換
1. to do形式作主語可轉(zhuǎn)換成主語從句
When and where (for us) to hold the meeting is unknown yet. When and where we will hold the meeting is unknown yet.
They seemed to be eating something cooked on the fire. It seemed that they were eating something cooked on the fire.
2. to do形式作賓語或賓補(bǔ)可換成賓語從句
I don't know what to do with the matter. I don't know that I should do with the matter.
I warned him not to drive the car after drinking. I warned that he should not drive the car after drinking.
3. to do形式作表語可換成表語從句
My wish is to become a pilot after graduation. My wish is that I can become a pilot after graduation.
My only worry was for her not to have enough experience in it. My only worry was that she have enough experience in it.
4. to do形式作定語可換成定語從句
The meeting to be held tomorrow is of great importance. The meeting that / which will be held is of great importance.
He was the first to arrive and the last to leave. He was the first that arrived and the last that left.
5. to do形式作目的、結(jié)果、原因狀語可轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的狀語從句
They started off early in order / so as to arrive in time. They started off early in order / so that they could arrive in time.
She was so excited as not to go to sleep. She was too excited to go to sleep.
She was so excited that she couldn't go to sleep.
定語從句
關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、定語等成分。關(guān)系代詞在定語 從句中作主語時(shí)，從句謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。
1）who, whom,that
這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you?
他就是想見你的人嗎？（who/that在從句中作主語） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.
他就是我昨天見的那個(gè)人。（whom/that在從句中作賓語）
2) Whose 用來指人或物，(只用作定語, 若指物，它還可以同of which互換）, 例如：
They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人車壞了，大家都跑過去幫忙。
Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 請(qǐng)遞給我那本綠皮的書。
3）which, that
它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語、賓語等，例如：
A prosperitywhich / thathad never been seen before appears in the countryside. 農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未 有的繁榮。（which / that在句中作主語）
The packagewhich / thatyou are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that 在句中作賓語）
關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句
關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或理由的名詞，在從句中作狀語。
1）when, where, why
關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的含義相當(dāng)于"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu)，因此常常和"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用，例 如：
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的時(shí)候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 這就是他拒絕我們幫助他的理由嗎？
2）that代替關(guān)系副詞
that可以用于表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式、理由的名詞后取代when, where, why和"介詞+ which"引導(dǎo)的定語從 句，在非正式文體中that常被省略（正式文體中不可省略），例如：
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父親在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十 年前居住過的地方。
判斷關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞
方法一： 用關(guān)系代詞，還是關(guān)系副詞完全取決于從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞。及物動(dòng)詞后面無賓語，就必須要 求用關(guān)系代詞。例如：
�。ㄥe(cuò)） This is the mountain village where I visited last year.
�。ㄥe(cuò)） I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.
�。▽�(duì)） This is the mountain village (which) I visited last year.
（對(duì)） I'll never forget the days (which) I spent in the countryside.
習(xí)慣上總把表地點(diǎn)或時(shí)間的名詞與關(guān)系副詞 where, when聯(lián)系在一起。此兩題錯(cuò)在關(guān)系詞的誤用上。
方法二： 準(zhǔn)確判斷先行詞在定語從句中的成分(主、謂、賓、定、狀)，也能正確選擇出關(guān)系代詞/關(guān)系 副詞.先行詞在從句中作主、定、賓語時(shí)，應(yīng)選擇關(guān)系代詞；先行詞在從句中作狀語時(shí)，應(yīng)選 擇關(guān)系副詞。
例如：（對(duì)）Is this the museum which you visited a few days ago?
（對(duì)）Is this the museum where the exhibition was held?
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