職稱英語(yǔ)歷年真題理工A概括大意精選
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First Image-recognition Software
(1) Dartmouth researchers and their colleagues have created an artificial intelligence software that uses photos to locate documents on the Intemet with far greater accuracy than ever before.
(2) The new system, which was tested on photos and is now being applied to videos, shows for the first time that a machine learning algorithm (運(yùn)算法則)for image recognition and retrieval is accurate and efficient enough to improve large-scale document searches online.The system uses pixel (像素) data in images and potentially video- rather than just text- to locate documents.It learns to recognize the pixels associated with a search phrase by studying the results from text-based image search engines. The knowledge gleaned (收集) from those results can then be applied to other photos without tags or captions (圖片說(shuō)明), making for more accurate document search results.
(3) "Over the last 30 years," says Associate Professor Lorenzo Torresani, a co-author of the study, "the Web has evolved from a small collection of mostly text documents to a modem,massive, fast-growing multimedia data set, where nearly every page includes multiple pictures or videos. When a person looks at a Web page, he immediately gets the gist (主旨) of it by looking at the pictures in it. Yet, surprisingly, all existing popular search engines, such as Google or Bing, strip away the information contained in the photos and use exclusively the text of Web pages to perform the document retrieval. Our study is the first to show that modem machine vision systems are accurate and efficient enough to make effective use of the information contained in image pixels to improve document search."
(4) He researchers designed and tested a machine vision system-- a type of artificial intelligence that allows computers to learn without being explicitly programmed--that extracts semantic(語(yǔ)義的) information from the pixels of photos in Web pages. This information is used to enrich the description of the HTML page used by search engines for document retrieval. The researchers tested their approach using more than 600 search queries (查詢) on a database of 50 million Web pages. They selected the text-retrieval search engine with the best performance and modified it to make use of the additional semantic information extracted by their method from the pictures of the Web pages. They found that this produced a 30 percent improvement in precision over the original search engine purely based on text.
23～26概括大意
23. Paragraph 1__________
24. Paragraph 2 __________
25. Paragraph 3 __________
26. Paragraph 4 __________
A. Function of the new system
B. Improvement in document retrieval
C. Publication of the new discovery
D. Problems of the existing search engines
E. Popularity of the new system
F. Artificial intelligence software created
27～30完成句子
27. The new system does document retrieval by __________.
28. The new system is expected to improve precision in __________.
29. When performing document retrieval the existing search engines ignore __________.
30. The new system was found more effective in document search than the __________.
A. using photos
B. description of the HTML page
C. current popular search engines
D. document search
E. information in images
F. machine vision systems
答案與解析：
23.F。題干：第一段的主要內(nèi)容是__________。第一段就一句話，大意是說(shuō)Dartmouth的研究者及其同事發(fā)明了一種人工智能軟件，該軟件使用圖片來(lái)定位網(wǎng)絡(luò)文件，準(zhǔn)確性較以前更高，故F(已經(jīng)發(fā)明的人工智能軟件)是正確答案。
24.A。題干：第二段的主要內(nèi)容是__________。第二段首旬是主題句，新系統(tǒng)已在圖片上進(jìn)行過(guò)檢測(cè)，現(xiàn)在正應(yīng)用于視頻，第一次表明一種學(xué)習(xí)圖像辨識(shí)和檢索運(yùn)算法則的機(jī)器能精確和有效地改進(jìn)大規(guī)模的網(wǎng)絡(luò)文件搜索。該句討論的是新系統(tǒng)的功用，故A(新系統(tǒng)的功能)是正確答案。
25.D。題干：第三段的主要內(nèi)容是__________。第三段的主題句為中間的句子，“yet”之前討論的是網(wǎng)頁(yè)的發(fā)展，“yet”之后討論的則是現(xiàn)存的搜索引擎，諸如谷歌和必應(yīng)等，無(wú)法使用圖像中的信息而只能用文字進(jìn)行文件的檢索。因而，D(現(xiàn)存搜索引擎的問(wèn)題)是正確答案。
26.B。題干：第四段的主要內(nèi)容是__________。第四段沒(méi)有主題旬，第一句講新系統(tǒng)的機(jī)制，第二句講新系統(tǒng)在文件檢索中的功能，第三句講研究者對(duì)新系統(tǒng)的檢測(cè)以及檢測(cè)效果，檢測(cè)發(fā)現(xiàn)準(zhǔn)確性提升了30%。故B(文件檢索的改進(jìn))是正確答案。
27.A。題干：新系統(tǒng)通過(guò)__________進(jìn)行文件檢索。利用出題順序與段落順序一致的原則，根據(jù)第一段可知，Dartmouth的研究者及其同事發(fā)明了一種人工智能軟件，該軟件使用圖片(use photo)來(lái)定位網(wǎng)絡(luò)文件，所以答案為A(使用圖片)。
28.D。題干：新系統(tǒng)有望在__________方面提升精確性。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞new system和improve precision可以定位到第二段第一句，可知新系統(tǒng)己在圖片上進(jìn)行過(guò)檢測(cè)，現(xiàn)在正應(yīng)用于視頻，第一次表明一種學(xué)習(xí)圖像辨識(shí)和檢索運(yùn)算法則的機(jī)器能精確和有效地改進(jìn)大規(guī)模的網(wǎng)絡(luò)文件搜索(document searches)，故選D(文件搜索)。
29.E。題干：在進(jìn)行文件檢索時(shí)，現(xiàn)存的搜索引擎忽視了__________。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞the existing search engines可以定位到第三段的第三旬，也就是yet引導(dǎo)的句子，可知現(xiàn)在流行的搜索引擎都跳過(guò)了包含在圖片中的信息而只能用網(wǎng)頁(yè)的文字進(jìn)行文件檢索，由此可知這些搜索引擎忽視了利用圖片信息進(jìn)行文件檢索，所答案為E(圖片中的信息)。
30.C。題干：新系統(tǒng)比__________在文件檢索方面更有效。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞new system和more effective可以定位到第三段的最后一句，可知與那些目前流行的搜索引擎如谷歌和必應(yīng)相比，新系統(tǒng)有效使用包含在圖像像素中的信息來(lái)檢索文件，更加準(zhǔn)確和有效。因此，該題答案選C(當(dāng)前流行的搜索引擎)。
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