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2018年職稱英語考試綜合A難度提升訓(xùn)練題
I can make it through the rain. I can stand up once again on my own.以下是小編為大家搜索整理的2018年職稱英語考試綜合A難度提升訓(xùn)練題，希望能給大家?guī)韼椭?更多精彩內(nèi)容請(qǐng)及時(shí)關(guān)注我們應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)生考試網(wǎng)!
Can Buildings Be Designed to Resist Terrorist Attack?
建筑設(shè)計(jì)能使建筑抵御恐怖襲擊嗎?
In the aftermath of1 the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center, structural engineers are trying hard to solve a question that a month ago would have been completely unthinkable ： Can building be designed to withstand catastrophic blasts inflicted by terrorists?
在世貿(mào)中心遭受恐怖襲擊后一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，建筑工程師們?cè)噲D解決一個(gè)在一個(gè)月前人們從未想過的問題：建筑設(shè)計(jì)能使建筑具有抵御恐怖襲擊的性能嗎?
Ten days after the terrorist attacks on the twin towers， structural engineers from the University at Buffalo and the Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (MCEER) headquartered at UB traveled to ground zero2 as part of a project funded by the National Science Foundation. Visiting the site as part of an MCEER reconnaissance visit, they spent two days beginning the task of formulating ideas about how to design such structures and searching for clues on how to do so in buildings that were damaged, but still are standing3.
恐怖的分子襲擊雙子塔10天后，布法羅大學(xué)的建筑工程師和總部設(shè)在布法羅大學(xué)多學(xué)科中心的地震工程 研究所作為國家科學(xué)基金出資的一個(gè)項(xiàng)目的一部分來到了世貿(mào)中心被毀現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。參觀了地震研究所部分人員考察的地點(diǎn)，他們用了 2天時(shí)間開始將如何設(shè)計(jì)抵抗襲擊的建筑的想法系統(tǒng)化并且在那些已損壞但未倒塌 的建筑中尋找如何設(shè)計(jì)的線索。
“Our objective in visiting ground zero was to go and look at the buildings surrounding the World Trade Center, those buildings that are still standing, but that sustained damage4,”said M. Bruneau, Ph. D. “Our immediate hope is that we can develop a better understanding as to why those buildings remain standing, while our long-term goal is to see whether earthquake engineering technologies can be married to existing technologies5 to achieve enhanced performance of buildings6 in the event of terrorist attacks. ” he added.
我們考察被毀現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的目的是去看看世貿(mào)中心周圍的建筑，那些被損壞但沒倒塌的建筑。 M. Brunean 博士說。我們當(dāng)前的愿望是能對(duì)那些建筑沒倒塌的原因有更好的認(rèn)識(shí)，而我們的長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)目標(biāo)是看能否將抗 震技術(shù)與現(xiàn)有建筑技術(shù)結(jié)合以提高在恐怖襲擊事件中建筑的性能。他補(bǔ)充說。
Photographs taken by the investigators demonstrate in startling detail7 the monumental damage inflicted on the World Trade Center towers and buildings in the vicinity. One building a block away from the towers remains standing, but was badly damaged.“This building is many meters away from the World Trade Center and yet we see a column there that used to be part of that building，” explained A. Whittaker, Ph. D. “The column became a missile that shot across the road, through the window and through the floor. ”
研究者拍攝的照片以驚人的細(xì)節(jié)展示了恐怖襲擊對(duì)世貿(mào)中心及其附近建筑造成的嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞。一幢離世貿(mào)中心一街區(qū)遠(yuǎn)的建筑雖被嚴(yán)重?fù)p壞但未倒塌。 這幢建筑離世貿(mào)中心數(shù)英米遠(yuǎn)，然而我們?cè)诒粴КF(xiàn)場(chǎng)還 看到過去曾是其一部分的一個(gè)圓柱，A. Whittaker 博士說，這個(gè)圓柱充當(dāng)了一枚發(fā)射物，跨過了道路， 穿過了窗戶和樓層。
The visit to the area also revealed some surprises, according to the engineers . For example, the floor framing8 systems in one of the adjacent buildings was quite rugged, allowing floors that were pierced by tons of falling debris to remain intact 9. “Highly redundant ductile framing systems may provide a simple, but robust strategy for blast resistance. ”He added. Other strategies may include providing alternate paths for gravity loads in the event that a load-bearing column fails. “ We also need a better understanding of the mechanism of collapse”，said A. Whittaker. “We need to find out what causes a building to collapse and how you can predict it. “
據(jù)工程師們說，在被毀現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的考察也發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些令人驚奇的事。例如，附近一幢建筑的樓板骨架系統(tǒng)非常堅(jiān)固，這使那些被成噸的殘片擊穿的樓板得以完整無缺。高度充分的伸展的骨架系統(tǒng)可以為具有 抗爆炸性能提供簡(jiǎn)單而有效的方法。他補(bǔ)充說。其他方法可以包括在承重部分 失去作用時(shí)為重力的下落 提供多種途徑。我們也需要更好地認(rèn)識(shí)倒塌的過程，A. Whittaker 說， 我們需要找到是什么引起建筑 倒塌和如何對(duì)其進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)。
A. Reinhorn, Ph. D. noted that “earthquake shaking has led to the collapse of many buildings in the past. It induces dynamic response and extremely high stresses and deformations in structural components. Solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may be directly applicable to blast engineering and terrorist-resistant design. Part of our mission now at UB is to transfer these solutions and to develop new ones where none exist at present. “
A. Reinhorn 博士特別提到在過去，地震造成的震動(dòng)使許多建筑物倒塌。它引起動(dòng)力 的反應(yīng)、極強(qiáng)的壓力和建筑結(jié)構(gòu)部分變形�？拐鹦阅茉O(shè)計(jì)的發(fā)展也許可直接適用于爆炸工程和抗襲擊性能的設(shè)計(jì)，我 們?cè)诓挤_大學(xué)任務(wù)的一部分是吸收這些解決方法并找到未知的新方法。
詞匯：
aftermath n后果，結(jié)果
withstand v經(jīng)受住
inflict v使遭受，施加
reconnaissance n勘察;偵察
in the vicinity 附近
debris n碎片
intact a未受損傷的，完整無缺的
ductile a可伸展的，易變形的
注釋：
1. in the aftermath of…：在……(災(zāi)難性的事件發(fā)生)后的一段時(shí)間內(nèi)。例如： in the aftermath of the Second World War：第二次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后的時(shí)期
2. ground zero：世界貿(mào)易中心(雙子塔)被毀現(xiàn)場(chǎng)
3. buildings that were damaged, but still are standing：那些已被損壞但未倒塌的建筑
4. but that sustained damage：但遭到了損壞。sustain：蒙受，遭受(傷害或損失) 。
5. whether earthquake engineering technologies can be married to existing technologies：抗震技術(shù)能否與現(xiàn)有的建筑技術(shù)相結(jié)合。be married to：與……相結(jié)合。
6. to achieve enhanced performance of buildings：以提高建筑的性能
7. in startling detail：以令人吃驚的細(xì)節(jié)
8. the floor framing：樓板骨架
9. allowing floors that were pierced by tons of falling debris to remain intact：那些被成噸的殘片擊穿的樓板得以完整無缺
練習(xí)：
1. The question raised in the first paragraph is one .
A that was asked by structural engineers a month ago
B that is too difficult for structural engineers to answer even now
C that was never thought of before the terrorist attack
D that terrorists are eager to find a solution to
1. C 建筑設(shè)計(jì)是否能使建筑具有抵御恐怖襲擊的性能，是在一個(gè)月前世界貿(mào)易中心受到襲擊之前人們從未想過的一個(gè)問題。這是第一段的主要內(nèi)容。所以，只有 C 是正確答案。
2. The project funded by the National Science Foundation .
A was first proposed by some engineers at UB
B took about two days to complete
C was to investigate the damage caused by the terrorist attack
D was to find out why some buildings could survive the blasts
2. D A 不是正確選項(xiàng)，因?yàn)槲恼聸]有提及誰首先提出這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。B 或 C 都不是文章所述的內(nèi)容。答案 可以在第三段中找到。
3. The column mentioned by Dr. Whittaker .
A was part of the building close to the World Trade Center
B was part of the World Trade Center
C was shot through the window and the floor of the World Trade Center
D damaged many buildings in the vicinity of the World Trade Center
3. A “we see a column there that used to be part of that building . . .” 這里的 that building 指的是 the building many meters away from the World Trade Center。
4. A surprising discovery made by the investigators during their visit to ground zero is that .
A floors in the adjacent buildings remain undamaged
B some floor framing systems demonstrate resistance to explosion
C simple floor framing systems are more blast resistant
D floors in one of the adjacent buildings were pierced by tons of debris
4. B 選項(xiàng) A 不是正確答案，因?yàn)槲恼抡f，the floor framing systems in one of the adjacent buildings . . . remain intact。C 不是文章表述的內(nèi)容。D 在文中提到，但不是 a surprising discovery。只有 B 是正確答案。
5. What Dr. Reinhorn said in the last paragraph may imply all the following EXCEPT that .
A blast engineers should develop new solutions for terror-resistant design
B blast engineering can borrow technologies developed for terror-resistant design
C solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may apply to terrorist-resistant design
D blast engineering emerges as a new branch of science
5. D 選項(xiàng) A 的內(nèi)容是正確的，根據(jù)是本段最后一句(“. . . develop new ones”) 。選項(xiàng) B 和 C 的內(nèi)容也是正確的，根據(jù)是本段最后兩句(關(guān)鍵詞是 applicable 和 transfer) 。只有 D 是答案， 因?yàn)?Reinhorn 沒有說 Blast engineering emerges as a new branch of science.
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