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2018專八閱讀練習(xí)題《氣候研究》
對于不少的人來說，專八的閱讀理解難度很大，那么接下來，小編就為大家送上一篇2018專八閱讀練習(xí)題，供大家練習(xí)。
The direct raya of the sun touch the equator and strike northward toward the Tropic of Cancer. In the Southern hemisphere winter has begun, and it is summer north of the equator. The sea and air grow warmer; the polar air of winter begins its gradual retreat.
The northward shift of the sun also brings the season of tropical cyclones to the northern hemisphere, a season that is ending for the Pacific and India Oceans south of the equator. Along our coasts and those of Asia. it is time to look seaward. to guard against the season's storms. Over the Pacific, the tropical cyclone season is never quite over. but varies in intensity. Every year. conditions east of the Philippines send a score of violent storms howling toward Asia, but it is worst from June through October. Southwest of Mexico. a few Pacific hurricanes will grow during spring and summer. but most will die at sea or perish over the desert or the lower California coast as squalls.
Along our Atlantic and Gulf coasts. the hurricane season is from June to November. In an average year, there are fewer than ten tropical cyclones and six of them will develop into hurricanes. These will kill 50 to 100 persons between Texas and Maine and cause property damage of more than $100 million. If the year is worse than average, we will suffer several hundred deaths,and property damage will run to billions of dollars.
Tornadoes, floods, and severe storms are in season elsewhere on the continent. Now, to these destructive forces must be added the hazard of the hurricane. From the National Hurricane Center in Miami. a radar fence reaches westward to Texas and northward to New England. It provides a 200-mile look into offshore disturbances. In Maryland. che giant computers of the National Meteorological Center digest the myriad bits of data-atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity, surface winds. and winds aloft-received from weather stations and ships monitoring the atmospheric setting each hour, every day. Cloud photographs from spacecraft orbiting the earth are received in Maryland and are studied for che telltale spiral on the warming sea. The crew of United States aircraft over the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean, and Atlantic watch the sky and wait for the storm that will bear a person's name. The machinery of early warning vibrates with new urgency as the season of great storms begins.
1.The cyclone season of the Southern hemisphere__________________.
A) is brought by the polar air of winter
B) ends when winter comes to the Southern hemisphere
C) virtually lasts throughout the year
D) begins when the sun rays strike the Tropic of Cancer
2.What is true about the storms howling towards Asia?
A) They originate over the Pacific.
B) They influence Southeast Asia most violently.
C) They mainly grow during spring and summer.
D) They usually perish off coast.
3.When the Pacific hurricanes reach the lower California. most of them will_____________.
A) reduce their intensity
B) increase their intensity
C) cause much property damage
D) result in great rain and floods
4.What can we leam about the National Hurricane Center in Miami?
A) It mainly provides protection against hurricanes to Texas and New England.
B) It warns the whole country against tornadoes, severe storms and hurricanes.
C) It consists of radars along the coast of the west and the north of U.S.
D) It supervises the coastal areas stretching from Texas to New England.
5.The passage discusses most clearly about_______________.
A) the factors that cause hurricanes
B) the most risky areas that suffer hurricanes
C) the early warning system against hurricanes
D) the remedies for property damage by hurricanes
答案：
1.南半球的熱帶氣旋季節(jié)_________________。
A)是由冬季的極地空氣所帶來的
B)在南半球冬季到來的時候就結(jié)束了
C)實際上全年都存在
D)在太陽光照射到北回歸線的時候就開始了
[B]從首段和第2段首句的描述可以知道，南北半球的氣候相反，當(dāng)南半球進(jìn)入冬季、熱帶氣旋季節(jié)結(jié)束的時候，北半球卻是夏季、熱帶氣旋季節(jié)開始的時候，辨清了這些事實，就不難判斷選項B為本題答案。
2.下列關(guān)于刮向亞洲的風(fēng)暴的說法那一點是正確的?
A)風(fēng)暴產(chǎn)生干太平洋。
B)風(fēng)暴對于東南亞的影響最巨大。
C)風(fēng)暴主要在春夏兩季產(chǎn)生。
D)風(fēng)暴通常在海岸邊上消亡。
[A]第2段第3-5句說的是太平洋沿岸熱帶氣旋的形成和影響，而且，如果稍有地理知識的話，就知道菲律賓東部也在太平洋上，結(jié)合第3、4句的內(nèi)容就可以推斷選項A為正確的說法。選項B沒有原文依據(jù);選項C和D都是第2段第5句提到的內(nèi)容，是關(guān)于墨西哥西南部的颼風(fēng)的，與亞洲的暴風(fēng)無關(guān)。
4.對于邁阿密的國家颼風(fēng)中心，我們了解到什么情況?
A)該中心主要為得克薩斯州和新英格蘭地區(qū)遭颶風(fēng)襲擊時提供保護(hù)。
B)該中心對于龍卷鳳，強(qiáng)烈暴風(fēng)和颶風(fēng)提出全國警報。
C)該中心在美國的西部和北部海岸都設(shè)有雷達(dá)。
D)該中心管理從得克薩斯到新英格蘭的海岸地區(qū)。
[D]從末段第3句可以知道國家颶風(fēng)中心的監(jiān)測范圍，第4句指出國家颶風(fēng)中心主要監(jiān)測的是海面的情況，結(jié)合這兩句，即可知道選項D正確。選項A所表示的范圍過小了，而選項B正好相反，范圍過大;選項C中的the west and the north of U.S.(美國的西部和北部)與原文的westward to Texas and northward to New England所指的地點是不同的。
5.文章最清晰的討論點是____。
A)導(dǎo)致颶風(fēng)的因素
B)受颼風(fēng)危害風(fēng)險最大的地區(qū)
C)對于颼風(fēng)的早期預(yù)警機(jī)制
D)解決由颶風(fēng)造成的財產(chǎn)損失的方法
[C]末段提到了國家颶風(fēng)中心和國家氣象中心，說明了美國為了預(yù)警颶風(fēng)所采取的措施，由此可見，選項C在文中是有清楚說明的。
附：專八閱讀理解技巧
1.認(rèn)真審題，找出文中根據(jù)
首先要認(rèn)真仔細(xì)地看清題干和四個選擇項，尤其要注意以下幾點：
(1) 有時候題干會出現(xiàn)這樣的問句：
Which of the following statements is NOT true?
The following statements are true EXCEPT .
在這里，要特別注意這個not，是問你“不正確的，錯誤的”選項，即哪一項是不符合原文內(nèi)容的。類似否定式提問往往造成考生的誤看，所以要特別留意這樣的題型。
(2) 從出題角度看，有的試題四個選項的文字用得極其相似，有時甚至只相差一個單詞，很容易造成視覺干擾，使考生一下子難以辨認(rèn)真?zhèn)�。因此考生要特別注意四個選項之間的細(xì)微區(qū)別。
(3) 一定要將四個選擇項全部看完，在考生認(rèn)為前一兩個選擇項正確的時候，往往不再注意后面選項，這樣很容易出錯，尤其在前面選項碰巧是干擾項的時候。
另外，在文中尋找試題答案時，可以把與試題有關(guān)的詞、句、語段劃出來，分別標(biāo)上試題的序號，然后對照研讀，做出判斷。這樣有利于縮小攝取有效信息的范圍，做到有根有據(jù)，便于判斷和復(fù)查驗證，提高答題正確率。這是個在平時操練時十分有用的方法，但在真實考試當(dāng)中，要根據(jù)時間來定是否采取此法。
2. 注意觀察問題的類型
了解試題的種類，有助于正確理解試題的要求，以便采用相應(yīng)的閱讀方法，更快速、準(zhǔn)確地將答案定位。
閱讀理解題的種類概括起來不外乎下面幾種：
(1) 細(xì)節(jié)題——根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容、信息進(jìn)行提問。
譬如以what, which, when, where, why等開頭的問題。其他常用的結(jié)構(gòu)還有： According to the passage, ... /The story tells us that ... 等。
(2) 主旨題——詢問有關(guān)文章主要內(nèi)容、中心大意、作品基調(diào)、作者態(tài)度、目的。
譬如： “What does the passage mainly discuss?”/“Which of the following is the more appropriate title for the passage?”等。
(3) 推理題——要求考生就已獲得的信息進(jìn)行推理，得出原文字面上未出現(xiàn)的答案。
常見的問題有 “Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about ...”/“ What does the passage imply?”/“ The main purpose of this passage is to ...”等。
(4) 指代題——用于測試考生對具體詞義或指代關(guān)系的識別能力。
其題類經(jīng)常為： “The word ‘attribute’ in line 6 means ...”/“What does the underlined phrase in line 38 refer to?”
(5) 評價題——用于測試考生對文章風(fēng)格、寫作手法等的分析能力。
譬如： “What kind of writing technique does the writer use in the passage to ... ?”/“What are the ways the writer uses to create the gloomy impression in the passage?”等。
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