考研英語作文通關(guān)的指導(dǎo)
我們在進行考研英語備考的時候，需要作文通關(guān)，就必須要掌握好技巧。小編為大家精心準備了考研英語作文通關(guān)的指南，歡迎大家前來閱讀。
考研英語作文拿分的技巧
一、詞匯拼寫錯誤較為嚴重，詞匯選用不當。
應(yīng)對策略：平時閱讀過程中注意單詞拼寫，關(guān)注單詞使用語境，多積累高級詞匯和句型。
It can make our life decrese fault.
在這句話中，有兩處錯誤。一是decrese的拼寫錯誤，二是decrease fault使用不貼切，讓生活中犯錯更少，應(yīng)該是full of less faults。Life并不能夠decrease faults，人才可以decrease faults。所以在選詞上一定要符合英文的行文習慣。
二、語法掌握不好，句子的基本句型主謂結(jié)構(gòu)掌握不清。
應(yīng)對策略：句子完成后需要檢查，看看是否符合語法規(guī)定。
Due to the fact that the mental state, we have to keep a balance between the physical and the mental.
這句話中，due to the fact that后面需要接一個句子，而上句中只是一個名詞性短語，所以錯誤。另外，between...and...需要連接兩個名詞短語，上句中形容詞physical和mental后缺少名詞性成分。改正為Due to the fact that the mental state plays a significant role, we have to keep a balance between the physical well-being and the mental health.
三、格式不正確，結(jié)構(gòu)不清晰，漢語式英文思維太過明顯，翻譯的過程中常常不合英文寫作要求。
應(yīng)對策略：多閱讀范文，寫作前列好提綱，注意使用銜接詞。
格式不正確常常出現(xiàn)在應(yīng)用文中，考生會忘記寫落款。這是我們在寫作過程中特別需要注意的，否則格式錯誤就要相應(yīng)的扣分。另外，有些文章結(jié)構(gòu)不清晰，或者沒有分段，或者段落之間的內(nèi)容混亂。開頭段就開始論述問題，第二段提出建議，結(jié)尾段又給出原因，邏輯混亂不清，抓不住重點。所以我們在寫文章時一定要先打腹稿，明確行文結(jié)構(gòu)和大概內(nèi)容，這樣在寫作過程中才不至于不知道說什么，甚至瞎寫一通。
As is pictured by the cartoon that it has a top slowly running water in the bowl, the another is so fastly running water that overflow the bowl.
這句話中，作者將漢語翻譯成英語，沒有考慮英文的行文習慣，結(jié)果導(dǎo)致語法錯誤點頻發(fā)，英文表意不明。改為As is pictured by the cartoon, one tap is running water slowly into the bowl while the other is running water so fast that there is little water left in the bowl.這樣一改，邏輯很清晰，表意明朗多了。
考研英語閱讀標點符號意義
1. 逗號 comma
用于分割并列成分。考研重點：兩個逗號之間，或者一個逗號之后，如果是補充說明成分時，跳過不看。Eg. Some huge American industries, such as consumer electronics, had shrunk or vanished in the face of foreign competition.
2.句號 period/full stop
①用于陳述句，表示一個句子的結(jié)束， 起分割切分句子作用。
�、谟糜谀承┛s略詞之后。比如Mr.、 Ms.、 etc.等等。如果句號作為簡寫符號使用，那么這個詞語簡寫前后面的符號應(yīng)該照常寫上，因為簡寫號并非句號，也不遵循句號的語法。比如Entreprise Co., Ltd或者I invited Tom, Jerry, etc..(注意兩個點)。
�、塾米餍�(shù)點
3. 問號
考研英語閱讀文章中的問號一般都是設(shè)問的功能，只問不答，答案不言自明。Eg1. 考研難道沒有價值嗎?另外，如果開篇就是問句，那么則屬于問題答案型文章，對問題的`回答就是全文主旨。
4. 冒號(colon)：冒號前后是從抽象到具體的過程，后面進一步補充說明前面的內(nèi)容。
Eg.1997 passage 3 Q2
60. The word "pervasive" (Line 1, Paragraph 2) might mean ________.
[A] widespread [B] overwhelming
[C] piercing [D] fashionable
We live in a society in which the medicinal and social use of substances (drugs) is pervasive: an aspirin to quiet a headache, some wine to be sociable, coffee to get going in the morning, a cigarette for the nerves.
5.分號(semi-colon)前后是并列關(guān)系，包括結(jié)構(gòu)上并列和語義上的并列。
For us, this means that evolution is over; the biological Utopia has arrived. (2000 Passage2)
6. 引號(quotation marks)：①引用 ②強調(diào) ③諷刺
Eg1 “Scientific” creationism, which is being pushed by some for “equal time” in the classrooms whenever the scientific accounts of evolution are given, is based on religion, not science.
7. 括號(parentheses ) ①解釋說明生詞。②補充說明
Drugs (substances) that affect the central nervous system and alter perception, mood, and behavior are known as psychoactive substances. (1997，Text 3)
8. 破折號(dash)
�、僖粋�破折號后面起補充說明或評價判斷。
I am an idiot - the stupidest kind of all.
“This book stands for reason itself.” And so it does — and all would be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.
�、趦善普厶栔g其補充說明，可先跳過不看。
In Australia—where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part—other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia.
9.省略號(ellipsis) ...
英文中的省略號的作用和漢語是一樣的。當省略號在句圍并且有下文時，應(yīng)該打四個點，最后一個為句號。如:And it flew further, and further, and further.... Jorge smiled and turned back.當省略號在句尾并作為語氣延長的作用時，應(yīng)使用修辭前的標點，如：Do you love me...?其余情況下使用三個點。如：The Martians...they just...just bombed our...our town, please send...more...
考研英語翻譯分句漢譯技巧的類型
1、主語分句漢譯技巧。
A man spending twelve days on the moon would find, on returning to the earth, that a year had passed by already.
一個人如果在月亮上度過了十二天，回到地球以后就會發(fā)現(xiàn)一年已經(jīng)過去了。
2、謂語分句漢譯技巧。
It goes without saying that oxygen is the most active element in the atmosphere.
不言而喻，氧氣是大氣中最活潑的元素。
3、定語分句漢譯技巧
He managed to raise a crop of 200 miracle tomatoes that weighed up to two pounds each.
他居然種出了二百個奇跡般的西紅柿，每個重達兩磅。
4、狀語分句漢譯技巧
Sunrays filtered in wherever they could, driving out darkness and choking the shadows.
陽光射入了它所能透過的地方，趕走了黑暗，驅(qū)散了幽影。
5、同位語分句漢譯技巧。
Mary normally a timid girl, argued heated with them about it.
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