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考研英語(yǔ)的難點(diǎn)如何復(fù)習(xí)

時(shí)間:2021-06-08 10:41:33 報(bào)考指導(dǎo) 我要投稿

考研英語(yǔ)的難點(diǎn)如何復(fù)習(xí)

  我們?cè)趶?fù)習(xí)考研英語(yǔ)的重難點(diǎn)時(shí),需要規(guī)劃好自己的復(fù)習(xí)計(jì)劃。小編為大家精心準(zhǔn)備了考研英語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)的復(fù)習(xí)技巧,歡迎大家前來閱讀。

考研英語(yǔ)的難點(diǎn)如何復(fù)習(xí)

  考研英語(yǔ)難點(diǎn)的復(fù)習(xí)方法

  第一,詞匯方面

  考生要掌握5500左右的大綱規(guī)定詞匯以及常用的前綴和后綴、部分國(guó)家(或地區(qū))、語(yǔ)言、國(guó)民及國(guó)籍表,洲名及常見縮寫詞。雖然詞匯量的考察呈上升趨勢(shì),但高頻詞匯、重點(diǎn)詞匯才是需要大家第一位掌握的,不論利用詞根詞綴法、基本義聯(lián)想法還是趣味造句法記憶單詞,都要講究不斷積累,不斷反復(fù),只有經(jīng)過這樣的過程,詞匯才會(huì)真正的記住,同時(shí),在真題中掌握高頻詞匯,更能達(dá)到事半功倍的效果。

  第二,語(yǔ)法與長(zhǎng)難句

  這兩部分是密不可分的,用層層語(yǔ)法串聯(lián)起大量的詞匯構(gòu)成長(zhǎng)難句,這才是拿下考研閱讀的致命點(diǎn)。針對(duì)閱讀這一大難,小編想從三方面與大家共同分析:

  首先,真題整體難度

  全國(guó)研究生入學(xué)考試研究中心對(duì)近15年考研英語(yǔ)真題難度系數(shù)作出研究,發(fā)現(xiàn)每一篇文章的難度系數(shù)基本上是穩(wěn)定的,基本控制在45%在55%之間,故而大家不要認(rèn)為20xx考研英語(yǔ)的難度會(huì)發(fā)生較大變化;

  其次,真題來源

  如果大家對(duì)歷年考研英語(yǔ)真題做一個(gè)整體分析的話,便會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)考研閱讀真題在“難度穩(wěn)定、出題思路穩(wěn)定”的基礎(chǔ)上時(shí)效性越來越強(qiáng),建議20xx年考生廣泛閱讀《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》、《新聞周刊》、《科學(xué)美國(guó)人》等考研命題專家普遍喜歡的文章;最后,真題題型,真題閱讀通常包括細(xì)節(jié)題、例證題、詞匯題、句子理解題、指代題、作者態(tài)度題、推理題等題型,其中70%的題目都是涉及到文中某一具體細(xì)節(jié),可以說細(xì)節(jié)題在考研閱讀當(dāng)中占據(jù)了舉足輕重的地位,建議同學(xué)們?cè)谧鲱}過程中學(xué)會(huì)按題型歸納、總結(jié),體會(huì)并運(yùn)用考研老師在課堂中講到的做題規(guī)律。

  第三,寫作

  考研英語(yǔ)分為英語(yǔ)一與英語(yǔ)二,二者的大小作文寫作都依賴于英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)與技巧的完美結(jié)合。在進(jìn)入強(qiáng)化復(fù)習(xí)階段后,考生除了跟隨輔導(dǎo)機(jī)構(gòu)老師的進(jìn)度復(fù)習(xí)作文以外,自己還要有意識(shí)地從真題閱讀中抽絲剝繭,提煉好句子,一點(diǎn)一滴形成屬于自己的模板,然后按照此模板寫文章,及時(shí)發(fā)給專業(yè)老師或者研友批改,逐步提高。

  考研英語(yǔ)閱讀的出題點(diǎn)

  一、舉例處

  (1)舉例子:句子的作用是為了支持論證作者的觀點(diǎn),這些例子往往與作者的觀點(diǎn)和結(jié)論有很大的關(guān)聯(lián),具有重大的意義,因此也成為了考試出題點(diǎn)。這種題目在文章中的線索非常明顯,一般都帶有如下的標(biāo)志性詞匯:for example、for instance、take … as anexample、as、such as、like 等。舉例子作用通常有三個(gè):第一、證明論點(diǎn),論點(diǎn)在前;第二、引出話題或得出結(jié)論,話題和結(jié)論在后;第三、通過對(duì)比突出強(qiáng)調(diào)事物的某一方面。

  【真題回放2011-Text3】

  ① If that happens,passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products, puttingthe reputation of the target company at risk. ② In such acase, the company's response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, andthe learning curve has been steep. ③ Toyota Motor, forexample, alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this yearwith a relatively quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign,which included efforts to engage with consumers directly on sites such asTwitter and the social-news site Digg.

  34. Toyota Motor's experience is cited as an example of

  [A] responding effectively to hijacked media.

  [B] persuading customers into boycotting products.

  [C] cooperating with supportive consumers.

  [D] taking advantage of hijacked media.

  (2)列舉:所謂列舉是指通過一些表示順承關(guān)系的詞語(yǔ)逐項(xiàng)列出一些事實(shí)或者觀點(diǎn),標(biāo)志性的詞匯包括First、Second、Third…; Firstly、Secondly、Thirdly…Finally; First of all,、Then、In addition、Further、Furthermore、Besides、Moreover… 針對(duì)這一考點(diǎn)的題目通?疾槲恼录(xì)節(jié),有時(shí)候也涉及對(duì)文章內(nèi)容的推理判斷。出題形式最多的往往是“是非判斷題”。

  【真題回放2009-Text3】

  The early settlers of Massachusetts Bay included men ofimpressive education and influence in England. `Besides the ninety or solearned ministers who came to Massachusetts church in the decade after1629,There were political leaders like John Winthrop, an educated gentleman,lawyer, and official of the Crown before he journeyed to Boston. There menwrote and published extensively, reaching both New World and Old Worldaudiences, and giving New England an atmosphere of intellectual earnestness.

  38. The early ministers and political leaders in MassachusettsBay__________.

  [A] were famous in the New World for their writings

  [B] gained increasing importance in religious affairs

  [C] abandoned high positions before coming to the New World

  [D] created a new intellectual atmosphere in New England

  三、類比比喻處

  類比在文中主要有兩種體現(xiàn)方式,一是明喻,即A像B一樣;二是暗喻,說A是B,由于暗喻更加隱蔽,出題人往往趨向于在暗喻內(nèi)容上出題?忌要熟記,“借喻或借代”也是出題人?嫉牡胤,例如用“多米諾骨牌”進(jìn)行借代等。

  【真題回放1997-Text1】

  The full import may take a while to sink in. The NT Rights ofthe Terminally Ill law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to dealwith its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief,others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian MedicalAssociation, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But thetide is unlikely to turn back. In Australia — where an aging population,life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all playedtheir part — other states are going to consider making a similar law to dealwith euthanasia. In the US and Canada, where the right-to-die movement isgathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes to start falling.

  52. When the author says that observers are waiting for thedominoes to start falling, he means ________.

  [A] observers are taking a wait-and-see attitude towards thefuture of euthanasia

  [B] similar bills are likely to be passed in the US, Canada andother countries

  [C] observers are waiting to see the result of the game ofdominoes

  [D] the effect-taking process of the passed bill may finallycome to a stop

  四、引用處

  說明文或者議論文中經(jīng)常引用他人的觀點(diǎn)來支持論證作者自己的觀點(diǎn)。引文既可以是從正面來支持自己的觀點(diǎn),也可以是通過駁斥反面觀點(diǎn)從而論證自己的觀點(diǎn)。因此,引文間接地表達(dá)了作者自己的觀點(diǎn),有一定的隱蔽性和迷惑性,所以也是出題考查的熱點(diǎn)地區(qū),通常會(huì)考查考生的`推理能力和對(duì)作者態(tài)度觀點(diǎn)的判斷能力。具體出現(xiàn)位置往往是第一段的第一句話。

  【真題回放2003-Text2】

 、 To paraphrase18th-century statesman Edmund Burke, “all that is needed for the triumph of amisguided cause is that good people do nothing.” ② One such causenow seeks to end biomedical research because of the theory that animals haverights ruling out their use in research. ③ Scientists need torespond forcefully to animal rights advocates, whose arguments are confusingthe public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care. ④ Leaders of theanimal rights movement target biomedical research because it depends on publicfunding, and few people understand the process of health care research. ⑤ Hearingallegations of cruelty to animals in research settings, many are perplexed thatanyone would deliberately harm an animal.

  46. The author begins his article with Edmund Burke's words to________.

  [A] call on scientists to take some actions

  [B] criticize the misguided cause of animal rights

  [C] warn of the doom of biomedical research

  [D] show the triumph of the animal rights movement

  考研英語(yǔ)完型不過關(guān)的原因

  1.詞匯掌握不到位

  其實(shí)對(duì)于完形來說,詞匯量其實(shí)并不是一個(gè)大問題,因?yàn)橥晷蔚脑~匯量這么多年考過來都沒有超過5500大綱所要求的詞匯,不會(huì)出現(xiàn)在閱讀中出現(xiàn)的超綱詞,比如說metabolic syndrome(新陳代謝綜合癥)。但是它的難點(diǎn)就在于詞義之間的區(qū)別,一般外貌相似意思不同的詞匯還很好區(qū)別,比如adopt, adapt, adept。但是一旦遇到意思相近的詞匯,難點(diǎn)就來了,比如tightening, intensifying, fastening。遇到這些問題,同學(xué)們除了要弄清楚本

  身的含義之外,還要弄清楚它們的固定搭配,比如動(dòng)賓搭配、主謂搭配,還有這個(gè)動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)是否只能是人,或者只能是物,還是人、物皆可,這些都成為做題時(shí)很好的依據(jù)。

  2.句法知識(shí)不明確,未形成體系

  清楚了解整個(gè)語(yǔ)法框架體系也是完形考試中的一塊法寶。因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在考研語(yǔ)法不再像初高中一樣拘泥于一些微小特殊的語(yǔ)法規(guī)則,反而更加著重對(duì)語(yǔ)法體系框架的考察,因此做完形時(shí),心中要對(duì)語(yǔ)法體系有清晰的概念。比如當(dāng)選項(xiàng)是考察動(dòng)詞時(shí),同學(xué)們可以看其空后有無(wú)賓語(yǔ),那么就會(huì)知道應(yīng)該選擇及物還是不及物動(dòng)詞;或者也可看該空后的介詞是否能與該空的哪一項(xiàng)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成固定搭配等等,這些都可以成為做題時(shí)很好的線索依據(jù)。以此推來,當(dāng)選項(xiàng)為形容詞的時(shí)候,它所修飾的名詞就是其線索。但是怎么找到線索名詞,有時(shí)卻并不那么容易,比如說94年的完形49題,選項(xiàng)均為形容詞,它的線索名詞許多同學(xué)會(huì)誤認(rèn)為是vocabulary,但事實(shí)是名詞speaker,而這個(gè)speaker與選項(xiàng)還有很長(zhǎng)一段距離,中間還包括一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句,因此很容易誤導(dǎo)考生。這個(gè)時(shí)候只要弄清楚語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu),選項(xiàng)也就不難選擇了。

  3.知識(shí)面過于狹窄

  有些考生對(duì)西方社會(huì)人文知識(shí)和科技知識(shí)缺乏基本了解,甚至是一無(wú)所知,結(jié)果造成一定的閱讀理解障礙。這就需要考生在平時(shí)的訓(xùn)練中廣泛閱讀,盡可能地接觸與考研完形題材類似的文章,對(duì)那些平時(shí)不感興趣或覺得較難的文章更應(yīng)該加強(qiáng)訓(xùn)練。比如說2012年英語(yǔ)二完形中出現(xiàn)了G.I.Joe,如果平時(shí)稍微了解美國(guó)文化的人應(yīng)該知道是指美國(guó)大兵,Joe并沒有具體指某個(gè)人,而許多同學(xué)在此卻死死揪住Joe不放,一直不知道這個(gè)Joe指的是誰(shuí)。在2007年英語(yǔ)一閱讀第二篇中也曾出現(xiàn)過average Joe,其實(shí)意思很簡(jiǎn)單,就是指普通人。如果平時(shí)對(duì)這些信息有所了解的話,那么在做題中也不會(huì)覺得一頭霧水了。此外,由于真題的話題具有時(shí)新性的特點(diǎn),所以考生平時(shí)還要多關(guān)注各知識(shí)領(lǐng)域的新現(xiàn)象、新發(fā)現(xiàn)、新理論。建議可以多多看看微博,關(guān)注歐美等英語(yǔ)國(guó)家新鮮資訊是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的選擇。

  4.脫離原文,制造“思想強(qiáng)迫癥”

  很多考生在做完形時(shí)很喜歡讀著讀著就將作者原本的思想扭曲成為自己的思想,這一點(diǎn)不管是在做完形還是做閱讀中都是致命傷,因?yàn)橐坏┡で蛘`解了作者的原意,做錯(cuò)題目的幾率將大大增加。因此記住關(guān)鍵一點(diǎn):一切從原文出發(fā),追尋作者思想的腳步。那么到底作者的中心思想以及態(tài)度在哪里體現(xiàn)呢? 做完形時(shí)一定要注意第一段中出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折的句子,一般說來轉(zhuǎn)折后即重點(diǎn)。另外每一段的首句也是不能放過的要點(diǎn),因?yàn)槊恳欢蔚木涫谆旧隙际菍?duì)這一段的一個(gè)總結(jié),掌握了這些要素之后,就不會(huì)輕易曲解作者意圖了。


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