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指物的非限定性關(guān)系從句實(shí)用英語語法簡介
A 主格
用which,這里不用that:
That block,Which cost£5 million to build,has been empty fof years.
那個街區(qū),就是花費(fèi)了500萬英鎊建起來的那個,已經(jīng)空置了多年了。
The 8∶15 train,which is usually very punctual,was late today.
8點(diǎn)15分的列車通常是正點(diǎn)的,今天晚點(diǎn)了。
口語中往往可能這么說:
That block cost£5 million to build and has been empty for years.
那個街區(qū)花費(fèi)了500萬英鎊建成,已經(jīng)空置了多年了。
This 8∶15 train is usually punctual,but It was late today.
8點(diǎn)15分的列車通?偸钦c(diǎn)的,但是今天晚點(diǎn)了。
B 賓格
用which,這里不用that,而且which決不能省略:
She gave me this jumper,which she had knitted herself.
她送給我這件羊毛衫,這是她親手織的;颍
She gave me this jumper;she had knitted it herself.These books,which you can get at any bookshop,will give you all the in- formation you need.
這幾本書,你可以在任何書店買到的,會向你提供你所需要的一切資料。或:
These books will give you all the information you need.You can get them at any bookshop.
C 介詞的賓語
介詞位于which之前或者位于從句之后,但不那么正式:
Ashdown Forest,through which we’ll be driving,isn’t a forest any longer.
阿斯頓森林,我們即將驅(qū)車通過,已經(jīng)不再是森林了;颍
Ashdown Forest,which we’ll be driving through,isn’t a forest any longer.
His house,for which he paid£10,000,is now worth£50,000.
他花了一萬英鎊買的房子,現(xiàn)在值五萬英鎊。或:
His house,which he paid£10,000 for,is now…
D 與短語動詞連用的which
像下面的短語動詞look after,look forward to,put up with(參見第三十八章)都應(yīng)被看做一個整體,即介詞/副詞不應(yīng)與動詞分開:
This machine,which I have looked after for twenty years,is still working perfectly.
這臺機(jī)器我已經(jīng)照管了20年,現(xiàn)在仍然沒一點(diǎn)兒毛病。
Your inefficiency,which we have put up with far too long,is beginning to annoy our customers.
我們對你的不稱職容忍得太久,而顧客也開始對此感到不滿意了。
E 所有格
用whose或of which。
whose一般用來指動物和事物,of which可以用來指物,但是
除在很正式的英語中之外,比較罕見。
His house,whose windows were all broken,was a depressing sight.
他的房子窗戶無一完好,一派令人心酸的景象。
The car,whose handbrake wasn’t very reliable,began to slide backwards.
那輛車的手閘不太可靠,車開始向后滑動。
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