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帶介詞的定語從句
定語從句是指一類由關(guān)系詞引導的從句，下面是小編整理的關(guān)于帶介詞的定語從句的內(nèi)容，歡迎大家閱讀學習。
帶介詞的定語從句 篇1
1.語法作用：“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”在從句中主要起關(guān)系副詞的作用，即在定語從句中充當狀語：
(1)表示地點，時間和原因的“介詞+which”分別相當于 where，when，why。
I have found the book in which the names of all the early satellites are mentioned.(SEFC 2A L.55)(=I have found the book.The names of all the early satellites are mentioned in it.)
The earth on which /where we live is a planet.
I”ll never forget the day on which /when I joined the League.
I know a wood in which /where you can find roses.
Is there any reason for which /why you should have a holiday?
(2)way后常用that代替in which，也可省略that。
I really don”t like the way that he talks.
That was the way in which the old lady looked after us.
Do it the way I showed you.
2.“of +which”起形容詞的作用，相當于whose(用來指物)，其詞序通常是“n.+of which”。
They live in a house whose door /the door of which opens to the south.
He”s written a book whose name /the name of which I”ve com- pletely forgotten.
3.可引導限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句
There is a rocket by which the direction of the satellite can be changed.
We carefully studied the photos，in which we could see signs of plant disease.
4.介詞的選擇(選擇介詞時須考慮下列情況)
1)介詞與先行詞的習慣搭配
There is no way in which it could be brought back to the earth.(in與way是習慣搭配)
2)介詞與定語從句中的動詞，形容詞的習慣搭配
These are the wires with which different machines are connected.(be connected with是習慣搭配)
The author with whom all of us are familiar will visit our compa-ny.(be familiar with是習慣搭配)
3)同形的先行詞，或定語從句中的動詞，形容詞表示不同的含義時，要根據(jù)其含義選用不同的介詞。
I can”t remember the age at which he won the prize.
That is the age in which people live in peace and happiness.
age在前句中意為“年歲”，與at搭配;在后句中意為“時期”，與 in搭配。
4)復雜介詞須保持其完整形式，常見的復雜介詞有on the top of，in the middle of，in front of，in spite of，at the back of，because of等。
We took a photo of rocket，the length of which was about 30me- tres.
Sound is a tool by means of which people communicate with each other.
They marched through the square，in the middle of which stood a monument.
5)短語動詞中的介詞不可與動詞分開提至關(guān)系代詞前。常見的.短語動詞有l(wèi)isten to，look at，depend on，pay attention to，take care of，look into，break into，get rid of，take part in，make use of，take hold of，catch hold of，catch up with，get along with，look forward to等。此時可用which，who，whom或that，也可將他們省略。
(誤)This is the girl of whom he will take care.
(正)This is the girl whom he will take careof.
6)當介詞與定語從句中的動詞或形容詞聯(lián)系緊密(但不是短語動詞)時，介詞也可放在動詞或形容詞的后面。但當介詞與從句中的動詞或形容詞聯(lián)系不緊密時，則需將介詞置于關(guān)系代詞前。比較：
The space station which we drove to was in the desert.
I”ll never forget the day in which I joined the Party.
后句中的in若置于句尾則有“孤零零”之感，這時宜將介詞置于關(guān)系代詞前;而前句中的to則可后置。
5.關(guān)系代詞的選擇
用于介詞后的關(guān)系代詞只有which，whom，前者指物，后者指人。
There are many research stations on the earth in which outer space is studied.(which指代research stations)
We questioned the pilot，from whom we learnt that no other planes had been seen.(whom指代the pilot)
帶介詞的定語從句 篇2
一、“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”的用法
當關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞賓語時，我們通常用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導定語從句。如果指“人”，用“介詞+whom”;如果指“物”，用“介詞+which”。
例如：
Do you know the lady with whom our manager is talking in the office?
Where is the supermarket in which you bought the laptop last week?
使用“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”要注意以下幾點：
(一)選用介詞的依據(jù)：
(1)根據(jù)定語從句中謂語動詞的搭配習慣(即固定短語)。
例如：
Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.
(2)根據(jù)先行詞的搭配習慣(約定俗成，不一定是短語)。
例如：
The old woman with whom you talked just now is a famous artist.
(3)根據(jù)句子的意思來選擇。
例如：
The naughty boy made a hole in the wall through which he could see what is happening outside.
(4)表示“所有”關(guān)系或“整體中的一部分”時，通常用介詞of。
例如：
I have about 20 books,half of which were written by Bing Xin,the famous writer.
(二)在定語從句中，含介詞的短語動詞不可拆開使用(短語拆開后含義發(fā)生變化)，如look after,look for等。
例如：
The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.(正)
The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy.(誤)
(三)“of which / whom”有時可以用“whose+名詞”結(jié)構(gòu)來改寫。
例如：
The building whose roof was damaged in the earthquake has been repaired.
=The building of which the roof was damaged in the earthquake has been repaired.
(四)當先行詞為way并且定語從句中缺少狀語時，通常用in which或that引導定語從句(in which或that可省略);如果定語從句中不缺少狀語，則用關(guān)系代詞引導(that 或which 可省略)。
例如：
All of us disliked the way(in which / that)Tom settled the maths problem.
I don’t understand the way(that/which)the teacher explained to me.
(五)in that不可以引導定語從句，但可以引導原因狀語從句。
例如：
She didn’t attend the meeting in that / because she was seriously ill.
二、“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”與關(guān)系副詞的轉(zhuǎn)化
(1)當先行詞表示地點，定語從句中缺少地點狀語時，通常用關(guān)系副詞where引導，此時也可選用表示地點的介詞+which來代替關(guān)系副詞where。例如：
I visited the village where many children couldn’t go to school because of poverty.
=I visited the village in which many children couldn’t go to school because of poverty.
(2)當先行詞表示時間，定語從句中缺少時間狀語時，通常用關(guān)系副詞when引導，此時也可選用表示時間的介詞+which來代替關(guān)系副詞when。例如：
We’d better fix a date when we will practice speaking English next week.
=We’d better fix a date on which we will practice speaking English next week.
(3)當先行詞為reason，定語從句中缺少表示原因狀語時，通常用關(guān)系副詞why引導，此時也可以用for which來代替關(guān)系副詞why。例如：
Can you tell me the reason why you were late for school?
=Can you tell me the reason for which you were late for school?
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