定語(yǔ)從句who和whom
定語(yǔ)從句(也稱關(guān)系從句、形容詞性從句),是指一類由關(guān)系詞(英語(yǔ):relative word)引導(dǎo)的從句,因?yàn)檫@類從句的句法功能多是做定語(yǔ),所以曾被稱為定語(yǔ)從句(英語(yǔ):attributive clause),這類從句除了可以做定語(yǔ)之外,還可以充當(dāng)狀語(yǔ)等其他成分,所以現(xiàn)代語(yǔ)言學(xué)多使用“關(guān)系從句”這一術(shù)語(yǔ)。who和whom如何在定語(yǔ)從句中使用呢?下面是小編幫大家整理的定語(yǔ)從句who和whom,供大家參考借鑒,希望可以幫助到有需要的朋友。
定語(yǔ)從句who和whom 篇1
在定語(yǔ)從句中,關(guān)系代詞who (whom) 和that都可指人和物,在一般情況下,可以互換使用,但在下列情況下值得注意:
一、用who (whom) 而不用that的情形
(1) 在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中的先行詞指人時(shí),只能用who (whom)。
如:My sister, who is studying abroad, sent me a beautiful present just before this Christmas. 我姐姐,她在國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí),就在圣誕節(jié)前給我寄來(lái)了漂亮的禮物。
(2) 當(dāng)定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)指人的先行詞進(jìn)行隔位修飾時(shí),只能用who (whom)。
如:Do you know the girl in front of the blackboard who is speaking to the students? 你認(rèn)識(shí)黑板前面正在給學(xué)生們講話的那位女孩子嗎?
(3) 當(dāng)先行詞為people和those時(shí),只能用who (whom)。
如:Those who want to go there come here please. 那些想去那兒的人請(qǐng)來(lái)這邊。
(4) 當(dāng)先行詞為one, ones, anyone, everyone, none, all(指人) 時(shí),只能用who (whom)。
如:Anyone who is against us is our enemy. 任何反對(duì)我們的人就是我們的敵人。
(5) 先行詞指人,而關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),一般多用who。
如:The man who came here yesterday said he would come again in a few days. 昨天來(lái)這兒的那個(gè)人說(shuō)過(guò)幾天他會(huì)再來(lái)。
(6) 在there be句型中名詞的定語(yǔ)從句多用who (whom)。
如:There are students in our class who / whom you have met. 我們班有些學(xué)生你見(jiàn)過(guò)。
(7) 當(dāng)句子中有兩個(gè)指人的現(xiàn)行詞分別帶有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),若一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞為that, 那么,另一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞必定為who。
如:The boy that you met just now is Li Ming’s brother who just graduated from a university. 剛才你會(huì)到的那個(gè)男孩是李明的剛從大學(xué)畢業(yè)的弟弟。
二、用that 而不用who (whom)的情形
(1) 當(dāng)先行詞前面有形容詞的最高級(jí)或序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí),引導(dǎo)詞只能用that。
如:The tallest player that plays football for our team is from Shandong. 在為我們隊(duì)踢足球的最高哪個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員來(lái)自山東。
(2) 當(dāng)先行詞前面有only, some, any, no, every, little, few, much, all, very形容詞修飾時(shí),引導(dǎo)詞只能用that。如:
He is the only student that said “no” to the teacher. 他是唯一的一個(gè)對(duì)老師說(shuō)“不”的學(xué)生
(3) 當(dāng)主句是以who開(kāi)頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí),引導(dǎo)詞只能用that。
如:Who is woman that you talked with just now? 剛才跟你談話的那位婦女是誰(shuí)?
(4) the same as 與 the same that
the same as所引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的內(nèi)容與先行詞同類而不同物;the same that表示所引導(dǎo)的從句內(nèi)容與先行詞同類同物,即:同一事物。
如:She is wearing the same coat that I lost a few days ago. 她正穿著我?guī)滋烨八鶃G失的上衣。(暗含:她偷了我的上衣)
She is wearing the same coat as I lost a few days ago. 她正穿著跟我?guī)滋烨八鶃G失的上衣同樣的'上衣。(暗含:她所穿的上衣不是我所丟失的那一件)
定語(yǔ)從句who和whom 篇2
1、定義不同
who和whom都是人稱代詞,who為主格人稱代詞(Subject Pronoun), whom為賓格人稱代詞(Object Pronoun)
who, whom 用于指人,who 用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ),whom用作賓語(yǔ)。在口語(yǔ)中,有時(shí)可用who代替whom,who和whom做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略。
例句:
The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.
經(jīng)常在英語(yǔ)方面幫助我的那個(gè)女孩是英國(guó)人。(who 作主語(yǔ))
Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?
正在與李明談話的老師是誰(shuí)?(whom 作賓語(yǔ))
2、用法不同
whom是who的賓語(yǔ)格式,只能做賓語(yǔ)。who 可以做主語(yǔ),又可以做賓語(yǔ)。
例句:
Who has the biggest ears in your family?
(who 作主語(yǔ))你們家誰(shuí)的耳朵最大?
Whom did you invite?
(whom 是動(dòng)詞 invite “邀請(qǐng)”的承受者,作賓語(yǔ))你邀請(qǐng)了誰(shuí)?
3、介詞提前,介詞后必須用且只能用whom不用who
there is nobody to whom he can turn for help.這里引導(dǎo)詞同樣當(dāng)賓語(yǔ),但是位于介詞to后,只能用whom,而不能用who(that同樣不行)。
定語(yǔ)從句who和whom 篇3
who, whom在定語(yǔ)從句中的區(qū)別是:who指代人,在從句中作主語(yǔ)。whom也指代人,在從句中作賓語(yǔ),此外當(dāng)緊跟介詞時(shí)只能用whom,不能用who。
1,who在定語(yǔ)從句中指代人,在從句中作主語(yǔ)。
例:They chose some men who knew how to make tools.
例:They also chose men who could speak English.
2, whom在定語(yǔ)從句中指代人,whom在從句中作賓語(yǔ),此外當(dāng)緊跟介詞時(shí)只能用whom,不能用who。
例:The boy whom the teacher praised is good at math.
例:They chose young men, many of whom loved adventures.
例:These workers, 30% of whom have no experience, work together as a team.
需要注意的是:在口語(yǔ)中,定語(yǔ)從句中的whom可以用who代替,也可以省略掉。但是緊跟介詞時(shí)只能用whom。
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