定語從句的句式及練習(xí)

　　引導(dǎo)語：定語從句的句式及練習(xí)有哪些？下面由小編告訴你們吧，歡迎閱讀！

　　定語從句的句式及練習(xí)

　　1.that既可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物；它們?cè)趶木渲凶髦髡Z或賓語,that在從句中作賓語時(shí)常可省略關(guān)系詞,which在從句中作賓語則不能省略.而且,如果which在從句中作“不及物動(dòng)詞＋介詞”的介詞的賓語,注意介詞不要丟掉,而且介詞總是放在關(guān)系代詞which的前邊,但有的則放在它原來的位置

　　2.which作賓語時(shí),根據(jù)先行詞與定語從句之間的語義關(guān)系,先行詞與which之間的.介詞不能丟

　　3.代表物時(shí)多用which,但在帶有下列詞的句子中用that而不用which,這些詞包括當(dāng)先行詞是anything,everything,nothing ,few,all,none,little,some等代詞時(shí),或者是由every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等修飾時(shí)等,這時(shí)的that常被省略

　　4.who和whom引導(dǎo)的從句用來修飾人,分別作從句中的主語和賓語,whom作賓語時(shí),要注意它可以作動(dòng)詞的賓語也可以作介詞的賓語

　　5.where是關(guān)系副詞,用來表示地點(diǎn)的定語從句

　　6.when引導(dǎo)定語從句表示時(shí)間〔注〕值得一提的是,表示時(shí)間“time"一詞的定語從句只用when引導(dǎo),有時(shí)不用任何關(guān)系代詞,當(dāng)然也不用that引導(dǎo)

　　By the time you arrive in London,we will have stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.Each time he goes to business trip,he brings a lot of living necessities,such as towers,soap,toothbrush etc.

　　7.whose是關(guān)系代詞,修飾名詞作定語,相當(dāng)于所修飾成分的前置所有格.它引導(dǎo)的從句可以修飾人和物,當(dāng)它引導(dǎo)的從句修飾物體時(shí),可以與 of which 調(diào)換,表達(dá)的意思一樣.

　　8.當(dāng)從句的邏輯主語是some,any,no,somebody,anybody,nobody,something,anything,everything或nothing時(shí),常用there is來引導(dǎo)

　　There is somebody here who wants to speak to you.這里有人要和你說話.

　　編輯本段（二）非限定性定語從句

　　非限定性定語從句的作用是對(duì)所修飾的成分作進(jìn)一步說明,通常是引導(dǎo)詞和先行詞之間用逗號(hào)隔開,將從句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立

　　1.which引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句來說明前面整個(gè)句子的情況或主句的某一部分

　　2.當(dāng)先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時(shí),其后的定語從句通常是非限制性的,例如：

　　Charles Smith,who was my former teacher,retired last year.查理·史密斯去年退休了,他曾經(jīng)是我的老師.

　　My house,which I bought last year,has got a lovely garden.我去年買的的那幢房子帶著個(gè)漂亮的花園.

　　This novel,which I have read three times,is very touching.這本小說很動(dòng)人,我已經(jīng)讀了三遍.

　　補(bǔ)充：

　　3.非限制性定語從句還能將整個(gè)主句作為先行詞,對(duì)其進(jìn)行修飾,這時(shí)從句謂語動(dòng)詞要用第三人稱單數(shù),例如：

　　He seems not to have grasped what I meant,which greatly upsets me.他似乎沒抓住我的意思,這使我心煩.

　　Liquid water changes to vapor,which is called evaporation.液態(tài)水變?yōu)檎羝?這就叫做蒸發(fā).

　　4.有時(shí)as也可用作關(guān)系代詞

　　5.在非限定性定語從句中,不能用關(guān)系副詞why和關(guān)系代詞that,而用who,whom代表人,用which代表事物.；

　　編輯本段（三）關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句

　　1.who指人,在從句中做主語

　　(1) The boys who are playing football are from Class One.

　　(2) Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.

　　2.whom指人,在定語從句中充當(dāng)賓語,常可省略.

　　補(bǔ)充：

　　(1) Mr.Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus.

　　(2) Mr.Ling is just the boy whom I want to see.

　　注意：關(guān)系代詞whom在口語和非正式語體中常用who代替,可省略.

　　(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend

　　3.which指物,在定語從句中做主語或者賓語,做賓語時(shí)可省略

　　(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys.

　　(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday.

　　如果在從句中做賓語,就用whom或who.比如:He is the man whom/who I talk to.

　　如果是在從句中作主語就只能用who.比如:He is the man who has an English book.

　　4.that指人時(shí),相當(dāng)于who或者whom；指物時(shí),相當(dāng)于which.

　　在定語從句中做主語或者賓語,做賓語時(shí)可省略.

　　補(bǔ)充：

　　(5) The number of the people that/who come to visit the city each year rises one million.

　　(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning?

　　5.whose通常指人,也可指物,在定語從句中做定語

　　(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.

　　(2) I once lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.whose指物時(shí),常用以下結(jié)構(gòu)來代替

　　(3) The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.

　　(4) The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.

　　(5) Do you like the book whose color is yellow?

　　(6) Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?

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