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有whose的定語從句
在復合句中,修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。下面是小編為大家收集整理的有whose的定語從句,僅供參考。
whose定語從句
一、whose為who的所有格,作“某(些)人的……”解,它所指代的先行詞必須是人,其引導的定語從句修飾它的先行詞,同時它本身在從句中作定語。
This is the little girl whoseparents were killed in the great earthquake。這就是在那次大地震中失去雙親的那個小姑娘。
Mr Liu wants to talk to thestudents whose homework hasn‘t been handed in。劉老師要跟那些沒交家庭作業(yè)的學生談話。
二、whose也可作which的所有格,作“某(些)物的……”解,它所指代的先行詞必須是物,其語法的功能同上。
The company whose name was Notcowas in Australia。那個名叫諾特可的公司設在澳大利亞。
We live in a house whose windowsopen to the south。我們居住在一所窗戶朝南開的房子里。
三、whose可修飾定語從句中的主語、賓語、介詞賓語等不同成分。
Mr King,whoselegs were badly hurt,was quickly taken to hospital。金先生的腿受了重傷,很快就被送往醫(yī)院。(whose修飾定語從句中的主語legs)
We shall have to make a decisionabout Ms King,whose story I‘ve just told you。關于金女士的情況,我剛才已經(jīng)告訴你們了,我們得對她的事情作出決定。(whose修飾定語從句中的賓語 story)
四、whose既可引導限制性定語從句,亦可引導非限制性定語從句。
The boss in whose department MrKing worked called at the hospital。金先生工作單位的老板到醫(yī)院來探視。(限制性定語從句)
The boss of the company,whose name was Mr Little,told the story。公司的老板叫利特爾,他講述了這個故事。(非限制性定語從句)
五、由于whose具有兼作who和 which的所有格的雙重功能,故在指人時可用of whom代替whose,指物時可用ofwhich代替whose。
This kind of book is for childrenwhose native language(=the native language of whom)is Chinese。這種書是給母語是漢語的兒童看的。
Mr Brown has written a novelwhose name(=the name of which)I‘vecompletely forgotten。布朗先生寫了部小說,其書名我完全忘了。
I live in a room whose window(=the window of which)opens to the south。我住在一間窗戶朝南開的屋子里。
六、按英語習慣用法,下列情況中的whose和of whom或ofwhich切不可混用:
1、凡是ofwhom或of which同數(shù)詞或代詞(如some,many,little等)連用表示部分與整體關系時,通常不可用 whose。
There are 45 students in ourclass,35of whom are League members。我們班有45名學生,其中35名是團員。
Mr White wrote many articles,some of which were translated into Chinese。懷特先生寫了不少文章,其中一些譯成了中文。
2、凡是of whom或of which修飾定語從句中的主語,是表示同位關系的代詞both,all等時,切不可用whose。
I have two sons,both of whom serve in the army。我有兩個兒子,都在部隊服役。
He has some novels,all of which are written in Russian。他有一些小說,都是用俄文寫的。
whose定語從句用法
1、whose用作關系代詞時,它并不表示“誰的”,而是表示“……的……”,在具體語境需要靈活處理。如:
He is the man whose car was stolen. 他就是汽車被竊的人。
The boys whose names were called stood up. 叫到名字的男孩們站了起來。
You are the only one whose advice he might listen to. 你是惟一可能使他聽從勸告的人。
2、不要以為whose引導定語從句時,其先行詞一定是指人的。名詞,其實也可以是指事物(包括動物)的名詞。如:
It was an island whose name I have forgotten. 這是一座島,名字我忘了。
Wolves are highly social animals whose success depends upon cooperation. 狼是高度群體化的動物,它們的成功依賴于合作。
3、whose 不僅可以引導限制性定語從句,也可引導非限制性定語從句。如:
My bitch, whose temper is very uncertain, often bites the judges at dog shows. 我的母狗脾氣不穩(wěn)定,常常在狗展上咬裁判。
One of the Britons, whose identity has not been revealed, was taken to hospital. 其中一位英國人被送往醫(yī)院。他的身份還沒有透露。
Now was not the time to start thinking of mother, whose death had so distressed me. 現(xiàn)在還不是開始想念母親的時候。她的逝世曾令我極度痛苦。
4、引導定語從句的“whose+名詞”,有時可換成其他結構,注意詞序的變化。比較:
破了窗戶的那座房子是空的。
正:The house whose windows are broken is empty.
正:The house the windows of which are broken is empty.
正:The house of which the windows are broken is empty.
正:The house with broken windows is empty.
5、根據(jù)語境的需要,whose 前可以使用語義需要的介詞。如:
I wish to thank Professor Smith, without whose help I would never have got this far. 我要感謝史密斯教授,沒有他的幫助,我不會走到今天這一步。
Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from whose effects the people are still suffering. 上個月東南亞的部分地區(qū)受到洪水侵襲,現(xiàn)在人們仍在遭受洪水帶來的影響。
1、備考主語從句應注意以下三點
一是從句作主語,主句謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù);
二是主語從句通常用it作形式主語,尤其是在It is +名詞 / 形容詞 / 過去分詞+that…中,或在It seems / happens that…中,或疑問句中;
三要注意由what, whatever, whoever引導的主語從句一般不用形式主語。
2、備考賓語從句應注意以下四點
一是介詞后(except等除外)一般不跟that引導的賓語從句,但可接疑問詞引導的賓語從句;
二是在that引導的賓語從句后若還有補語時,要用it作形式賓語,而將that從句置于補語之后;
三是當主句謂語動詞是think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine等時,若賓語從句要表示否定意義,往往要通過否主句來實現(xiàn),即所謂否定轉移;
四是雖然引導賓語從句的that有時可以省略,但若賓語從句前有插入語或有間接賓語時,that不能省略;that在與之并列的另一個賓語從句之后或者在“形式賓語it+賓補”之后時也不能省略;that從句單獨回答問題時,that也不能省略。
3、備考表語從句應注意以下三點
一是除that, whether和疑問詞外,as, as if, as though, because也可引導表語從句;
二要注意“that’s why+結果”以及“that’s because+原因”的區(qū)別;
三是注意the reason (why / for…) is that…句式。
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