易混定語從句
定語從句是一個重要的語法點,下面是小編為你帶來的易混定語從句 ,歡迎閱讀。
易混點一:關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的混用。
例1. I’ll never forget the days when I spent in New York with you.
例2. I’ll never forget the days which I visited New York with you.
析:
例1中的when應(yīng)改為which或that;
例2中的which應(yīng)改為when。
區(qū)分關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的關(guān)鍵是看它們在定語從句中所充當?shù)某煞。如果定語從句中缺少主語、賓語,就應(yīng)考慮使用關(guān)系代詞,如例1;若定語從句中缺少狀語,就應(yīng)考慮使用關(guān)系副詞,如例2。
易混點二:固定句式出差錯。
例3. Mary is so lovely a girl as everybody loves her.
例4. Mary is so lovely a girl that everybody loves.
析:
例3中的as應(yīng)改為that;
例4中的that應(yīng)改為as。
so…as或so…that為固定句式,前者為as引導(dǎo)的定語從句,as在定語從句中作賓語或主語,如例4;后者為that引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語從句,該從句的成分是完整的,不缺少主語或賓語,如例3。類似的固定句式還有the same…as (that),such…as,as…as等。
易混點三:主謂不一致。
例5. Tom is one of the students who likes swimming.
例6. Tom is the only one of the students who like swimming.
析:
例5中的likes應(yīng)改為like;
例6中的like應(yīng)改為likes。
在“one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中,定語從句的先行詞是復(fù)數(shù)名詞,故謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,如例5;在“the (only) one of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+定語從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中,先行詞是one,而不是復(fù)數(shù)名詞,故謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式,如例6。
易混點四:與強調(diào)句型及其他句型的混合。
例7. Was it in the shop that you bought the recorder that you lost your pen?
例8. You’d better make a mark at where you have any questions.
析:
例7中第一個that應(yīng)改為where;
例8中應(yīng)去掉at。
例7為帶有定語從句的強調(diào)句,you bought the recorder為定語從句,其引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)用where,后面第二個that才是強調(diào)句中的that,此句可還原為:You lost your pen in the shop where you bought the recorder.例8為where 引導(dǎo)的地點狀語從句。
易混點五:對先行詞概念不明確。
例9. It this library that you visited yesterday?
例10. Is this the library where you visited yesterday?
析:
例9中應(yīng)在library后加the one;
例10中的where應(yīng)去掉或改為that或which。
在例9中,this library是主語,is是謂語,that引導(dǎo)的是定語從句,但沒有先行詞,故應(yīng)補加先行詞;在例10中,the library是先行詞,定語從句缺少賓語,故應(yīng)用that或which來引導(dǎo),當然也可以省略。
易混點六:特殊名詞作先行詞時關(guān)系詞的選取錯誤。
例11. I don’t like the way which you speak to her.
例12. I don’t care for pay. I just want to get a job that I can be greatly valued.
析:
例11中應(yīng)在which前加in或?qū)hich改為that或去掉;
例12中的that應(yīng)改為where或in which。
在定語從句中,有些特殊名詞作先行詞時其關(guān)系詞的選取有一定的特殊性,如way作先行詞時,其引導(dǎo)詞可用that或in which或省略,如例11;與way相似的還有job,situation,point,case等作先行詞時,關(guān)系詞常用where或in which,如例12。
易混點七:忽略as和which引導(dǎo)非限定性
定語從句的區(qū)別。
例13. He failed in the exam again, which was expected.
例14. He failed in the exam again, as was not what he had expected.
析:
例13中的which應(yīng)改為as;
例14中的as應(yīng)改為which。
as和which雖然都可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,但仍有以下三點區(qū)別:(1) as有“正如;就像”之意,而which沒有;(2) as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句可置于句首、句中或句末,而which只能置于句末;(3)如果非限制性定語從句是否定句時,只能用which引導(dǎo)。
易混點八:忽略that和which引導(dǎo)限制性
定語從句的'區(qū)別。
例15. This is the most exciting football game which I have ever seen.
例16. Here are the samples that — had I thought of it — you could have taken with you yesterday.
析:
例15中的which應(yīng)改為that;
例16中的that應(yīng)改為which。
當先行詞被最高級、序數(shù)詞修飾或先行詞本身是不定代詞時,只能用what來引導(dǎo)定語從句,如例15;當關(guān)系詞后面有插入成分時,只能用which來引導(dǎo)定語從句,如例16。
易混點九:介詞前置出差錯。
例17. The two things with which Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms.
例18. Tell him all the things to which he should pay attention.
析:
例17中的with應(yīng)改為about或of;
例18中應(yīng)把to移到attention的后面。
在定語從句中前置的介詞必須和后面的動詞或形容詞構(gòu)成固定搭配,如例17;但并不是所有的固定搭配中的介詞都可前置,如例18。
易混點十:which和whose的意義不明確。
例19. The book which cover is broken is of great help to all of us.
例20. The book of whose cover is broken is of great help to all of us.
析:
例19中的which應(yīng)改為whose;
例20中的whose應(yīng)改為which。
在定語從句中,關(guān)系代詞which不能在定語從句中作定語,但whose可作定語,“whose+n”相當于“the+n+of which”或“of which+the+n”。
【易混定語從句】相關(guān)文章:
定語從句和易混句型07-14
初中定語從句易錯題07-19
定語從句易錯題及解析07-18
高考定語從句易錯題07-19
高中定語從句易錯題07-15
中考定語從句易錯題08-18
高中易錯定語從句07-19
定語從句易錯點匯總07-17
高考定語從句易錯點07-20