六不注重詞的位置形容詞副詞語(yǔ)序,他們是在年脫離國(guó)家聯(lián)盟建立自己的地方組織的,地震后在曾是一家工廠的地方建起了一所新學(xué)校,其實(shí)這個(gè)詞的主語(yǔ)一定是事物而不是人,分析學(xué)生容易受漢語(yǔ)思維的干擾錯(cuò)寫成考生應(yīng)掌握
完成句子易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)
完成句子中的翻譯陷阱
一、語(yǔ)義聯(lián)想不一致
1.TheChangjiangRiveris______________________________(最長(zhǎng)的河流)inchina.(other)
2.Theyhurrieduptothecinema,_________________________(結(jié)果被告知)thefilmstarhas
gone.
3._______________________________(因?yàn)闆](méi)有太多經(jīng)驗(yàn)),thenewpostgraduatesareso
easilytakeninbysomecheatsinsociety.(have)
4.Thebo_________________________(拍他的后背)andtoldhimsomethingsecret.(pat)
5.Whenasked____________________________(如何起火),Tomsaidhewasnotpresent
whenthefirestarted.(break)
6.Howlongdoyouthink_____________________________(多久之后)theChinesepeople
landonthemoon?(it)
7._________________________(盡管他還是個(gè)孩子),heknowsalot.
8.I___________________________(會(huì)感激你)ifyouhelpmeout.(appreciate)
http://m.emrowgh.com eandseemewhen_______________________(你方便的時(shí)候).(convenient)
10.I’mafraidyouwon’t________________________________(有時(shí)間換衣服)beforethe
party.(get)
11.Hefindsithard____________________________(讓別人明白自己).(make)
12.Ihaveneverheardasweetervoice.
13.Hardlyhadhereachedthehouse______________________________(天開(kāi)始下雨).
(begin)
14.Thegovernmenthastakensomemeasurestosolvetheshortageofelectricity,butitmaybe
sometime______________________________(然后情況才會(huì)好轉(zhuǎn)).(improve)
15.Ithinkyoushouldfindout___________________________(你失敗在哪)andthencorrect
it.(lie)
16.Iwouldrather____________________________(你能幫助我).(hand)
17.Itis_________________(我無(wú)法理解)whyshemarriedsuchaheavysmoker.(beyond)
二、詞性誤用
1.Theyhavecometorealizethat____________________________(很有價(jià)值)tokeeptheir
originallanguage.(value)
2.Iconsider_______________________________(很重要)tokeepourculturealive.
(importance)
3.Thecoffeeiswonderful!Itdoesn’ttastelikeanything___________________________(我
以前曾經(jīng)喝過(guò)的).(have)
4.It_______________________________(突然開(kāi)始下雨).(sudden)
5.Youmustshowthegentlemanin_____________________________(他一來(lái)).
(immediately)
6.____________________(多么有趣)toswiminthepoolinhotweatherafteraday’shard
work!(fun)
7._______________________(盡管)thatitwillrain,westilldecidedtogoshopping.
(despite)
8._____________________________________(是苦干和決心)aswellashergentlenature
thathadgotherintomedicalschool.(determination)
9.Thisbigstoreis__________________________(三倍重)thatone.(as)
10.________________________(由于)theorganiclightemittingdevicesareverythinand
flexible,electronicdisplayscreenscouldbeeasilycreatedonnearlyeverymaterial.(due)
三、語(yǔ)義沖突
1.Itisfiveyears_______________________(我不住那兒)(since).
2.Thisis_______________________(最沒(méi)用的)ofthefourbooks.(useful)
3.He_________________________(一定沒(méi)讀過(guò))thisbook,foritcameoutyesterday.(read)
4.I__________________________________________(認(rèn)為你沒(méi)有必要)toinvitesomany
visitors.(necessary)
5.Heissuchaboy______________________(總是不辜負(fù)父母的期望).(live)
6.Undernocircumstances______________________________________(我們決不輕易向困
難屈服).(give)
7.Allthenewcompaniescannotsucceed.
8.It’ssimple.Themorepreparationyoudonow,____________________________(你越不緊
張)beforetheexam.(nervous)
四、長(zhǎng)難句結(jié)構(gòu)不清
1.Theprofessornoticed,tohisdelight,thelab____________________________________(配
有一副大型銀幕)assoonasheenteredit.(furnish)
2.Theyhaddelayedhavingchildren,fortheusualreason,______________(創(chuàng)建)theircareers.
(set)
3.HerfathergaveheradviceonlearningEnglish______________________(她使用英語(yǔ))
asmuchaspossible.(use)
4.________________________________(跟這個(gè)學(xué)生談一次),Ibelieve,andyouwillfind
Tomisveryoutgoing.(talk)
5.Aftercirclingaroundtheearthforthreedays,ShenzhouSpaceshipreceivedthecommand
fromthegroundthat____________(它著陸)asscheduledthenextday.(land)
6.Itisyou,ratherthanhe,that______________________________(對(duì)這次事故負(fù)責(zé)).
(blame)
7.Dannyleftwordwithmysecretary________________________(他將打電話)againinthe
afternoon.(call)
8._____________________(暴露在)toomuchsunlight,asisgenerallyconsidered,willaddto
thepotentialofcatchingskincancer.(expose)
9.Workhardwhileyouareyoung,Ithink,____________________whenyouareold.(regret)
(你不會(huì)后悔)
10.Thefactthatthedissolvedharmfulgasesandacidsinoceansandseasproducedthechain
reaction_____________________________(使生命可能)todevelop.(make)
11.Itwasnineyearsago,whenIcametochinaforthefirsttime,_____________________(我
開(kāi)始)learnChinese.(begin)
12.Wearedeeplyimpressedbythewayhe’sthoughtof_______________________(解決問(wèn)題).
(solve)
13.Thereisbutonewayofsolvingtheproblem----namely,______________________(建更多
的)Hopeschools.(set)
14.Ifawomanwithaveryuglyhatasksyouwhetheryoulikeit,________________________
(最好說(shuō)),‘Well,itcertainlylooksniceonyou’thantosay,‘No,thatistheugliesthatIhaveeverseen.’(nice)
15.Medicalresearchershavepainfullyrealizedthattherearemanyproblems
_________________________________(他們沒(méi)有找到)anysolutionsofar.(find)
16.Walterofferedusaliftwhenhewasleavingtheoffice,butourwork____________________
(未結(jié)束),wedeclinedtheoffer.(finish)
17.Moretrees,flowersandgra_____________________(種植),ournewly-builtschoolwill
beevenmorebeautiful.(plant)
18.Thelecture____________________(已經(jīng)開(kāi)始),helefthisseatsoquietlythatnoone
complainedthathisleavingdisturbedthespeaker.(begin)
五、交際語(yǔ)的使用不熟
1.----IsthereaflighttoNewYorkateighttomorrowmorning?
----There________________(有可能).Youcanphonetheairportandmakesure.
2.----What’sthematterwithDella?
----Well,herparentswouldn’tallowhertogototheparty,butshestill__________________(希望如此).(hope)
六、不注重詞的位置(形容詞/副詞/語(yǔ)序)
1.Heneverwrote__________________________(一樣好的書(shū))ashisfirstoneagain.(good)
2.Thetwostars___________________(嚴(yán)重?zé)齻?whileshootinginthestudio.(burn)
3.Ireallyhopethattheyareallabletolive______________________(幸福的生活)asthey
canwithnoregret.(life)
4._________________________________(一本多么有指導(dǎo)意義的書(shū))hegaveme!(how)
5.It’s______________________________(相當(dāng)難的問(wèn)題)(rather)/
___________________________(quite),soit’squiteimpossibleformetoanswerit.
6.Itis_____________________(太重的箱子)formetocarry.(heavy)
7.Manybuildingsinthecityneedrepairing,buttheone_________________(首先要修理的)
isthelibrary.(repair)
8.Canyoutellme_____________________________(究竟是什么時(shí)候)theymeteachother.
9.Doyouknow______________________________(他們認(rèn)識(shí)多久了)beforetheygot
married.(know)
10.We___________________________________(認(rèn)為那是不明智的)giveuphisjob
securityandsalaryinaninternationalinformationbusinetoriskstartinghisownbusiness.(wise)
11.______________________________(沒(méi)讀完小說(shuō)),shedidn’tknowthetragicending.
(finish)
七、對(duì)BeV-ed結(jié)構(gòu)用作狀語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)或賓補(bǔ)不熟
1._________________________(得知發(fā)生的),themanfellindeepthought,staringvacantly
intospace.(inform)
2.Theplan,____________________________(為學(xué)生而準(zhǔn)備的),isnotpracticalnow.
(intend)
3.Enteringmyfather’sroom,Ifoundmyfatherseatedbyhisdesk,______________________
(全神貫注于手中的雜志)(absorb)
4.__________________________(在粉刷),thehouselooksinamess.(paint)
5.______________________(決意著手這項(xiàng)工程),hetogetherwithhisworkmatesiscolleting
therelatedinformationaboutit.(determine)
6.Theprofessorwassurprisedtoseesomecountrypeople__________________________(坐
在后邊)oftheclassroom.(seat)
八、時(shí)態(tài)誤用
1.Acomputeraswellasmanybooks__________________________________(已經(jīng)送到那所
學(xué)校)lastterm.(send)
2.Ithasbeenagreedthatwe’llhavetofinish
__________________________________(無(wú)論要花多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間).(take)
3.He_________________________(很可能明天來(lái))tomorrow.(likely)thework,
4.Iwouldrather_______________(他明天來(lái))tomorrow.(come)/
___________________________(會(huì)議下個(gè)月舉行)(hold)
5.Thecareledriver_____________________(負(fù)有責(zé)任)thetrafficaccidenthappening
yesterday.(blame)
6.Jerrygotapromotionbecausehefulfilled___________________________________(要求
他做的).(require)
7.Hardly______________________(他一坐下)whenthebellrang.(sit)
8.Seldom____________________(他發(fā)現(xiàn))theteachersinthisschoolaresokindandhelpful.
(find)
9.Idon’tknow_____________________(有多久)thatyoustayhere.
10.Itwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalf_______________________________(我看見(jiàn)黑夜)
facetoface.(see)
11.___________________________________(他們?nèi)找构ぷ魅?beforeeverythingreturned
tonormal.(work)
12.IwouldhaveattendedthepartybutI___________________________(忙于)something
veryimportant.(engage)
13.----Howdidyouenjoyyourvisit?
----Neverinmylife____________________________________(我得到這么好的服務(wù))fromanybusiness.(receive)
九、疏忽詞的添加與省略
1.Itwas_________________________(遲到了)madehisfriendsdisappointed.(come)
2.Mr.Black,____________________________________(總是遵守諾言),canbereallyrelied
on.(keep)
3.With______________________________(眼睛盯著電視)(fix)
4.They__________________________(沒(méi)失去信心)afterseveralfailures.(lose)
5.Thequestion____________________________________(誰(shuí)該做這項(xiàng)工作)requires
consideration.(work)
6.Ifeelitisyourhusband________________________________(應(yīng)該負(fù)責(zé)任)thespoiled
child.(blame)
7.___________________________________(你可以相信)hewillwinthefirstprize.
(depend)
8.Hehassolvedtheproblem___________________________________(為什么電腦出故障).
(order)
9.Thedoctoradvisedmetospendmyvacation_______________________________(空氣新
鮮的地方).(fresh)
10.認(rèn)出下降
11.AlargenumberofJulesVerne’sbooksarebelieved_____________________(已售出)inthe
world.(sell)
12.__________________________(真是太粗心了)ofhimtohavemadethesamemistakeover
andoveragain!(how)
13.Whenagain________________________________(遭同學(xué)們嘲笑),theboyturnedtohis
teacherforhelp.(laugh)
14.Beingeducatedinafamousuniversityis_____________________________(人人都希望
的).(wish)
十、主動(dòng)/被動(dòng)的切換
1.Theorderhasbeengiven____________________________________(必須開(kāi)始工作)at
once.(start)
2.If_____________________________________(不采取措施),wecouldhavelostallour
tropicalforest.(measure)
3.Thekitemadeofpaper____________________(容易撕破)intherain.(tear)
4.Withsomuchwork_____________________(塞滿我的頭腦),Ialmostbeakdown.
(mind)
5.With_______________________________(錢快用光了),hewentbackhome.(run)
6.Aleft-luggageofficeisaplace____________________________________(一個(gè)可以放包
的地方)forashorttime,especiallyatarailwaystation.(leave)
7.Tomhas_________________/___________________/___________________(筋疲力盡)
afteralongday’swork.(tired/wear/give)
8.Bythetimethepoliceconcludetheinvestigation,thetruthofthemurder
_______________________(會(huì)水落石出).(light)
9.With__________________________(一場(chǎng)致命的臺(tái)風(fēng)的爆發(fā))(break)/
_____________________________(他的許多作品被出版)(come)
10.譯:我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。
11.Thedangerwasreal,especiallyinthebeginning,_________________________(這時(shí)不知
道)aboutthenewdisease.(little)
12.Withthegraduationceremonyapproachingmostofmyclassmatesarebusyapplyingforajob.
Whenitcomestome,I’vemadeupmymindtogo_______________________________(最需要我的地方).(need)
十一、詞的數(shù)
1.______________________________________(完成這項(xiàng)工作還很困難)inthegiventime.
(difficulty)
2.Generallyspeaking,people_____________________(對(duì)廣告作出反應(yīng))indifferentways.
(react)
3.___________________________________________(你們已下定決心了嗎)wheretogo
foryourhoneymoon?(make)
4.________________________________(大量的錢)isspentontobaccoeveryyear.
(amount)
5.Atpresent__________________________________(他們?cè)跍?zhǔn)備)thegreatpartytobeheld
atthebeginningofnextmonth.(preparation)
十二、不注意句型結(jié)構(gòu)
1.________________________(如果你打開(kāi)電視機(jī))andyouwillseemanyads.(turn)
2._______________________(席地而坐)areagroupofyoungpeoplewhocomefromallover
theworld,exchangingideasabouttheirowncultures.(seat)
3._____________________________________(我們認(rèn)為最難的事)issoontobediscussedat
themeeting.(what)
4.ThereasonwhytheneighbourswillgivethechildrenmanysweetsonHalloweenis
_________________________________(因?yàn)樗麄兛赡鼙蛔脚?.(trick)
5.Therearethreekindsofpapertomakeacardwith,____________________(沒(méi)有一種)tears
easily.(none)
6.Theplanemaybeseveralhourslate,_____________________(那樣的話)there’snopointin
ourwaiting.(case)
7.ThepointIwanttomakeis_________________________(做一名志愿者)isrewarding,for
itnotonlyhelpsothers,butalsoopensupopportunitiesforyoungpeople.(be)
8.__________________________________(他拒絕承認(rèn))hismistakesmadetheheadteacher
veryangry.(refuse)
9.___________________________(他喝醉了),you’dbetterattendtohimwithgreatercare.
(drink)
10._________________________________(當(dāng)比較不同文化時(shí)),weoftenpayattentiononly
tothedifferenceswithoutnoticingthesimilarities.(compare)
11.______________________________________________(深埋在地下)aremanyinteresting
thingslikeoldclothesandstatues.(bury)
12.Helosthisjobthreemonthsago;______________________________(更糟的是),hewas
seriouslyinjuredinanaccidentlastweek.(matter)
完成句子易錯(cuò)題小結(jié)
完成句子易錯(cuò)題小結(jié)
喬每次開(kāi)車時(shí)都會(huì)檢查一下車的油和水。
我正忙于準(zhǔn)備一些材料,因?yàn)槲冶谎?qǐng)去那個(gè)會(huì)議做演講。
theNationalUnionandsetuptheirownlocalorganization.(break)他們是在1993年脫離國(guó)家聯(lián)盟,建立自己的地方組織的。
4.Irecognizedher,althoughshehadchangedalotthroughtheseyears.(moment)
我一看到她就認(rèn)出了她,盡管這些年她變化挺大的。
5.Scientistsareplanningtoclonethemountaingoat,whichisbelieved____________________completelyin2000.(die)
科學(xué)家們正計(jì)劃克隆這種山羊,人們相信他們?cè)?000年已完全滅絕。
6.Aterriblestormhitthesoutheastcoastofthecountrylastweek,上周一場(chǎng)可怕的風(fēng)暴襲擊了這個(gè)國(guó)家的東南沿海地區(qū),造成了巨大的損失。
7._________________modernfacilities,thenewlybuiltlibraryisquitepopularwiththestudents.(equip)
這個(gè)新建的圖書(shū)館配備了先進(jìn)的設(shè)施,很受同學(xué)們的歡迎。
---Ihadmeantto,butbeforeIcould,thebellrangandwehadtohandinoutrestpapers.(suppose)
---你本來(lái)應(yīng)該把作文寫完的。
---我是這樣打算的,但是我還沒(méi)來(lái)得及寫完鈴聲就響了,我們就必須交卷了。
9.Eastofthelake,oneofwhichistwicethesizeoftheother.(lie)
湖的東邊有兩個(gè)村莊,其中一個(gè)的面積是另外一個(gè)的兩倍。
properly.(walk)
這種治療要一直持續(xù)到能使病人正常走路為止。
11.Theysaidthatthebuildingofthenewbridgewouldgoahead他們說(shuō)新橋的建設(shè)會(huì)按照計(jì)劃進(jìn)行。
12.Thesewildflowersaresospecialthatthesescientistswouldliketodoall.(save)
這些野花是如此特別以至于這些科學(xué)家想要盡一切所能來(lái)挽救他們。
13.ItwasmidnightsomyhusbandandIwereabitworriedthatsomethingmighthavegonewrong.(call)
他給我們打電話時(shí)正是午夜,所以我和我的丈夫都有點(diǎn)擔(dān)心是否出了什么事。
14.ItwasatmidnightsomyhusbandandIwereabitworriedthatsomethingmighthavegonewrong.(call)
他給我們打電話時(shí)正是午夜,所以我和我的丈夫都有點(diǎn)擔(dān)心是否出了什么事。
15.__________________,shehadmadealistofthesitesshewantedtoseeinWuhan.(available)
由于擔(dān)心時(shí)間不夠,她早就把她想要在武漢參觀的地點(diǎn)列了一張單子。
16.__________________washiswayofspeaking.(surprise)
最讓我吃驚的是他的說(shuō)話方式。
17.Thewashingmachinethathe_______________yesterdayisrunningsmoothlyagain.(repair)
他昨天請(qǐng)人修過(guò)的洗衣機(jī)又開(kāi)始正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)了。
118.Itwasthecomputerwhichbrokedownhalfway________________(該責(zé)怪)fortheloofallmyfiles.(blame)19.Nosooner______________________thanthephonerang.(sit)我剛一坐下來(lái),電話鈴就響了.20.Aftertheearthquake,anewschoolwasbuilton___________________。(used)地震后,在曾是一家工廠的地方建起了一所新學(xué)校。
高考“完成句子”易錯(cuò)題解析(湖北)
高考“完成句子”易錯(cuò)題解析
湖北省高考從2016年開(kāi)始使用了新題型“完成句子”,這一題型的變化,并沒(méi)有降低學(xué)生對(duì)基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法的學(xué)習(xí)要求,反而更注重了對(duì)學(xué)生實(shí)際運(yùn)用能力的培養(yǎng)?忌鷤?cè)谄綍r(shí)雖然對(duì)該題型進(jìn)行了大量的訓(xùn)練,但是對(duì)于新題型仍然常覺(jué)得“心有余悸”。從全省高考成績(jī)來(lái)看,該題的平均分較低,尤其是07年,均分還不到4分!筆者分析了平時(shí)教學(xué)過(guò)程中積累的大量學(xué)生錯(cuò)題,發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)生出錯(cuò)有很大一部分原因是沒(méi)有注意到英漢兩種語(yǔ)言表達(dá)的差異而連續(xù)犯的錯(cuò)誤。為了能更好地搞好學(xué)生考前復(fù)習(xí),下面筆者將結(jié)合學(xué)生的易錯(cuò)題來(lái)比較“完成句子”中英、漢兩種語(yǔ)言表達(dá)的差異。
一、注意英語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)中主語(yǔ)的不同
例1:(2016湖北34題)____________(我花了)onethousanddollarstobuythepaintinglastweek.(cost)
答案:Itcostme
分析:受漢語(yǔ)提示的干擾,學(xué)生容易錯(cuò)寫成:Icost。其實(shí),cost這個(gè)詞的主語(yǔ)一定是事物而不是人。如果主語(yǔ)是“事”通常用不定式短語(yǔ)表達(dá),放在句后,主語(yǔ)位置用形式主語(yǔ)it去填補(bǔ),比如這道題真正的主語(yǔ)是tobuythepaintinglastweek。這樣用的cost意為“使付出、使花費(fèi)”,如果把“我花了”改為“使我花了”也許沒(méi)有那么多人出錯(cuò)。例2:Comeandseeme____________(如果你方便).(convenient)
答案:ifitisconvenientfor/toyou
分析:學(xué)生容易受漢語(yǔ)思維的干擾錯(cuò)寫成:ifyouareconvenient.考生應(yīng)掌握 http://m.emrowgh.com 及It’sconvenientfor/tosb.todosth.的習(xí)慣表達(dá)。例3:_______________(他突然想起)thathehadleftthekeyinthelibraryonthewayhome.(occur)
答案:It(suddenly)occurredtohim
分析:此句中的真實(shí)主語(yǔ)為that引導(dǎo)的從句,因此句子需用it做形式主語(yǔ)(而不是he作主語(yǔ))?忌鷳(yīng)牢記句型:Itoccurredtosbthat...,其意思是“某人突然想到”,同時(shí)注意occur的過(guò)去式的寫法。
例4:Hearingthenews,___________(她的臉蒼白).(turn)
答案:sheturnedpale
分析:此題給出的漢語(yǔ)提示是“她的臉”,學(xué)生容易錯(cuò)寫成:herfaceturnedpale。本題由“Hearingthenews”可知,分詞的邏輯主語(yǔ)一定是某人,-ing分詞表主動(dòng)意義,故句子的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是人,而不是“herface”。
二、注意英語(yǔ)與漢語(yǔ)句子結(jié)構(gòu)、成份的不同
例5:Therewere20people_______________(死于這起事故).(die)
答案:whodiedintheaccident
分析:此題句子中缺少一個(gè)定語(yǔ)成份,因此用who引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。但學(xué)生容易按照漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)的順序,錯(cuò)寫成:“diedintheaccident”。表面上看,它與正確答案只相差一詞“who”,但是在評(píng)分時(shí)卻因結(jié)構(gòu)不正確而不能得分。
例6:—Whatmadeherunhappy?
—_______________(她的錢包丟了).(lose)
答案:Losingherwallet
分析:此題是對(duì)what(句子的主語(yǔ))提問(wèn),完整的答語(yǔ)應(yīng)是:Losingherwalletmadeherunhappy.考慮到情景中答語(yǔ)是個(gè)省略句,只須寫出主語(yǔ)。而學(xué)生容易受漢語(yǔ)思維的影響,錯(cuò)寫成Becauseshelostherwallet或Herwalletwaslost等。
例7:Theoldcouplehavetwodaughters,_______________(兩個(gè)都是醫(yī)生).(both)答案:bothofwhomaredoctors
分析:此題逗號(hào)前面是一個(gè)完整的句子,后面并未出現(xiàn)and等并列連詞,因此不能用“both(ofthem)aredoctors”,只能運(yùn)用定語(yǔ)從句構(gòu)成主從復(fù)合句。
三、注意英語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)提示部分語(yǔ)序的不同
例8:(2016湖北31題)_______________(最長(zhǎng)的三條河流)intheworldaretheNiles,theAmazon,andtheChangjiangRiver.(long)答案:Thethreelongestrivers分析:由漢語(yǔ)提示學(xué)生們?nèi)菀族e(cuò)寫成:Thelongestthreerivers。本題考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是:冠詞、數(shù)詞等限定詞應(yīng)該放在形容詞的前面。另外,最高級(jí)可用序數(shù)詞(first,second...),byfar,almost等修飾且置于最高級(jí)前面。再如:
HainanisthesecondlargestislandinChina.
例9:Sodifficult_______________(我感覺(jué))ittoliveinanEnglish-speakingcountrythatIdeterminedtolearnEnglish.(feel)
答案:didIfeel
分析:此題中給出的漢語(yǔ)提示是“我感覺(jué)”,學(xué)生容易錯(cuò)寫成:“Ifelt”。本題考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是在關(guān)聯(lián)詞So+形容詞/副詞...that...結(jié)構(gòu)中如果so及其修飾的形容詞或副詞提到句首,句子應(yīng)部分倒裝。再如:
Sofrightededwassheinthedarknethatshedidn’tdaretomoveaninch.例10:Onlybychangingthewaywelive_______________(我們才能拯救地球).(save)
答案:canwesavetheearth
分析:由漢語(yǔ)提示學(xué)生們?nèi)菀族e(cuò)寫成:wecansavetheearth。本題考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是:only放在句首并修飾狀語(yǔ)時(shí),句子使用部分倒裝語(yǔ)序。再如:
四、注意英語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)上語(yǔ)態(tài)的不同
例11:Thedriver______________(應(yīng)受到責(zé)備)fortheaccident.(blame)答案:istoblame
分析:此題漢語(yǔ)提示部分容易讓學(xué)生們想到被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)因而錯(cuò)寫成:shouldbeblamed。但此題考查betoblame(for)這一用法,意思是“應(yīng)(為)承擔(dān)責(zé)任,該(為)受責(zé)備”,常用其主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。
例12:Mycar_______________(正在修).(repair)
答案:isbeingrepaired
分析:此題學(xué)生們稍不細(xì)心就會(huì)錯(cuò)寫成:isrepairing。本題考查的是:現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示“正被”,但如果主語(yǔ)是事物在漢語(yǔ)表達(dá)中通常較少使用被動(dòng)句。
五、注意英語(yǔ)中某些特殊的表達(dá)方式
例13:Ihurriedtothestation_______________(結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn))thetrainhadleft.(find)答案:onlytofind
分析:本題考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)是:onlyto+動(dòng)詞原形,它表示“事與愿違,出人意料”的結(jié)果。
例14:(2016湖北35題)—You’dbettergoand_______________(把你的轎車洗洗).(wash)
—No,I’lldoitmyself.
答案:have/getyourcarwashed
分析:本題學(xué)生容易錯(cuò)寫成:washyourcar,但是由最后一句I’lldoitmyself.可知題意是“讓別人洗車”,因此應(yīng)該用havesth.done這一結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示該事情是由別人來(lái)做的。例15:___________(擺餐具)foradinnerinwesterncountriesandinChinaisnotthesame.(lay)
答案:Layingthetable
分析:英語(yǔ)中l(wèi)aythetable是一個(gè)固定表達(dá),意思是covereditwithacloth,knives,forks,etc,readyforameal,即“擺好餐桌,準(zhǔn)備開(kāi)飯”。
那么,考生怎樣才能避免這些常見(jiàn)的錯(cuò)誤并提高該題的得分呢?筆者認(rèn)為應(yīng)該注意以下幾點(diǎn):
1.審題須嚴(yán)
英語(yǔ)句子部分是主干,能提供重要的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)甚至結(jié)構(gòu)上的暗示,它是一個(gè)獨(dú)立的語(yǔ)境,因此應(yīng)認(rèn)真審題。
2.思考須密
第一步:讀全句,基本確定結(jié)構(gòu)。結(jié)構(gòu)(包括搭配和句子關(guān)系)的確定是答題成功的關(guān)鍵。
第二步:觀察漢語(yǔ)提示和英語(yǔ)單詞的提示,基本確定形式(包括時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài))。第三步:總攬全句,確定語(yǔ)義邏輯的通常性和在語(yǔ)境中的最佳形式。
3.下筆須慎
也許我們審題時(shí)很嚴(yán)謹(jǐn),思考也周密,但在應(yīng)試狀態(tài)下,我們也可能心筆不一,如錯(cuò)詞、別詞、誤寫、缺筆或多劃、多詞等等,因此下筆須慎。
總之,學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)中要做到以下四點(diǎn):理解概念;牢記結(jié)構(gòu);注意語(yǔ)言環(huán)境及與之經(jīng)常搭配的詞匯;輸出正確的書(shū)面形式。