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2017成人高考英語不定代詞語法歸納
要想在成考高起點的考試中順利升學,首先還得復習好英語的不定代詞。那么關于成人高考英語不定代詞語法歸納有哪些呢?下面百分網(wǎng)小編為大家整理的成人高考英語不定代詞語法歸納,希望大家喜歡。
成人高考英語不定代詞語法歸納
內(nèi) 容 提 要
代詞分人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、不定代詞、指示代詞、關系代詞和連接代詞,它們在句子中承擔不同的功用。
不 定 代 詞
一、“every”(每一個)只作為定語使用,即必須在其后加上單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞構(gòu)成名詞短語,它不可與everyone(每一個)混淆。 everyone相當于名詞,它不可修飾其他名詞,只作主語或賓語
1) Every [A] knows that hospitals are institutions where the sick are treated, but how many [B] realize that they were once [C] homes for the indigent and the friendless [D] ?
2) Everyone [A] child in the United States must [B] receive [C] some form of educational instruction [D] .
例題解析
1) A錯。every不可單獨充當句子成分,應在其后加上person或改為everyone.
2) A錯。改為Every,修飾child.
二、“much”和“many”分別修飾不可數(shù)名詞和可數(shù)名詞,可作為代詞(如much of)和形容詞使用
3) Food seasoning plays an important [A] role in the cooking [B] customs of much [C] cultures in [D] the world.
4) The general sales tax has been [A] a major source of income for state governments, much [B] of which derive more than half [C] of their budgets from [D] it.
5) Data received from [A] two spacecraft indicate that there is many evidence [B] that huge thunderstorms are now occurring [C] around the equator [D] of the planet Saturn.
例題解析
3) C錯。應改為of many,因為被修飾詞cultures為可數(shù)名詞,故其修飾語應用many,而much要修飾不可數(shù)名詞。
4) B錯。應改用many,因此處所指代的是可數(shù)名詞governments(復數(shù)),many在本句中為代詞,作非限定性定語從句的主語。
5) B錯。應改為much evidence,因為evidence(證據(jù),跡象)為不可數(shù)名詞,故應用much來修飾。
三、 “some”和“any”是表示不定數(shù)量的代詞,相當于漢語的“一些”,作定語可修飾可數(shù)名詞復數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞,其中some(包括它的合成詞 something,someone, somebody)多用于肯定句,而any(包括它的合成詞anything, anyone, anybody)則用于疑問句和否定句中,其中any在否定句中相當于漢語中的“任何”;形容詞修飾something, someone, somebody, anything, anyone, anybody, nothing, nobody時,形容詞要放在這些詞的后邊
6) Historians [A] have never reached some general [B] agreement about [C] the precise causes of the [D] Civil War in the United States.
例題解析
6) B錯。應為any general,因為本句為否定句(否定副詞never),應該用any,此處表示“(沒有達成過) 任何共識”。
四、“another”和“other”分別表示“另外的一個”(an+other)和“另外的”“其余的”意思,可以用作定語修飾名詞或單獨作主語與賓語,其中前者只用來修飾或指代單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞,后者修飾單復數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞,二者不能相互混淆
7) Lizards lack [A] the built?in body temperature control [B] many another [C] creatures possess [D] .
8) Some bacterium are extremely [A] harmful, but anothers [B] are regularly [C] used in producing cheeses, crackers, and many other foods [D] .
9) Like [A] most another [B] art forms, the Greek tragedy had [C] its origins in religious [D] observances.
成考英語復習資料
report on 報告;匯報(某事)
report oneself去報到,到…去見某人
be representative of 代表…
by request應邀,應(聽眾)的請求
have respect for 尊重;考慮
inrespect that 因為,考慮到
pay respect to考慮,關心,重視
with respect to關于,至于
for the rest至于其余,至于其它
rest on依賴,依據(jù);信賴
as a result作為結(jié)果
as a result of由于;作為…的結(jié)果
result from//是(由)…造成的
result in引起,結(jié)果是;導致
in return 作為回報,作為報答
in return for作為…的交換
revolve around 旋轉(zhuǎn);繞轉(zhuǎn)
be rid of擺脫,去掉
成考英語代詞復習
代詞的定義和分類
代詞是代替名詞及起名詞作用的短語或句子的詞。代詞根據(jù)其意思和用法可分為人稱代詞、物主代詞、反身代詞、指示代詞、相互代詞、疑問代詞、連接代詞、關系代詞、不定代詞九類。
連接代詞的用法
1. 連接代詞主要包括who, whom, what, which, whose, whoever, whatever, whichever, whosever 等,它們在句中可用作主語、賓語、表語、定語等(但who, whom, whoever 等不用于名詞前作定語),主要用于引導主語從句、賓語從句和表語從句等。
如:
Ask him which he wants. 問他要哪一個。(which引導賓語從句)
The question is who can help us. 問題是誰能幫助我們。(who引導表語從句)
What he says sounds reasonable. 他說的話聽起來有道理。(what引導主語從句)
2. 關系代詞型 what 的`用法。
比較下列兩句:
I don't know what you like. 我不知道你喜歡什么。
You can get what you like. 你想要什么就可得到什么。
第一句中的 what 表示"什么";第二句中的 what 則具有關系代詞的性質(zhì),相當于"先行詞+關系代詞",表示"…所…的一切事或東西",如上面第二句的 what就相當于 everything that。順便說一句,如第二句這樣用的 what 有時還可后接一個名詞。
如:
We gave him what (little) help(此處help為名詞) we could. 我們給了他我們力所能及的幫助。
3. whatever, whoever與whichever的用法:它們可用于引導主語從句和賓語從句,也可用于引導讓步狀語從句。如:
Whoever comes will be welcome. 任何人來都歡迎。(whoever引導主語從句)
Whatever she did was right. 她做的一切都是對的。(whatever引導主語從句)
Whoever you are, you can't enter. 不管你是誰,都不能進去。(whoever引導讓步狀語從句)
Whichever side wins, I shall be happy. 不管哪邊贏,我都會高興。(whichever引導讓步狀語從句)
疑問代詞的用法
1. 疑問代詞即指who, whom, whose, which, what等用于引出特殊疑問句的代詞。它們在句中可用作主語、表語、賓語、定語等。
如:
What did she say? 她怎么說?(what作say的賓語)
Which are our seats? 哪些是我們的座位?(which作表語)
What are you worrying about? 你為什么事煩惱?(what作about的賓語)
注意:1. who和whom 只用作主語、賓語和表語,不用作定語;what, which, whose 則既可用作主語、賓語和表語,也可用作定語。
2. what與 which的用法區(qū)別:當選擇的范圍較明確時,用 which;當選擇的范圍不明確時,用 what。
如:
Which color do you like, red, black or white? 紅色、黑色和白色,你喜歡哪種?
What color is your car? 你的汽車是什么顏色的?
相互代詞的用法
英語的相互代詞只有each other和one another,它們在句中通常只用作賓語,不能用作主語或狀語等。如:
Students should help one another. 學生應該互相幫助。
We have known each other for many years. 我們認識許多年了。
注意:相互代詞可以有所有格形式(each other's, one another's)。如:
They often stay in one another's house. 他們常常在彼此的家里住。
另外,有人認為 each other用于兩者,one another用于三者,但在現(xiàn)代英語中它們?蓳Q用(即均可用于兩者或三者)。
物主代詞的定義
定義:
物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞。形容詞性物主代詞在句中只用作定語,相當于一個形容詞,不能單獨使用;名詞性物主代詞則不能用作定語,相當于一個名詞詞組,可以單獨使用,在句中用作主語、賓語、表語、和介詞of連用。如:
Here is my dog. Its name is Tom.(形容詞性物主代詞its作name的定語)
My sister lost her bicycle. (形容詞性物主代詞her作bicycle的定語)
Is that coffee yours or hers? (名詞性物主代詞)
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