關(guān)于四級(jí)詞匯與語(yǔ)法練習(xí)
1.She likes the _______ flower instead of the natural one.
A. article B.adventure C.ancient D.artificial
2.This highway runs _______ to the railway.
A. identical B.suitable C.parallel D.distribution
3.The rent for this house is $ 250. But you need also pay $50 first as the _______.
A.deposit B.council C.desired D.submitted
4.The rebuilding plan was _______ to the committee.
A.taped B.admitted C.desired D.submitted
5.Jack London worked very hard and finally he _______ success.
A.made B.found C.sought D.achieved
答案：
1.D 2.C 3.A 4.D 5.D
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四級(jí)翻譯（10.21）
中國(guó)公司想創(chuàng)造世界品牌，外國(guó)公司想增加在中國(guó)的銷量，這些都正改變著中國(guó)的設(shè)計(jì)產(chǎn)業(yè)。中國(guó)制造商意識(shí)到，若他們想在本國(guó)市場(chǎng)脫穎而出，在外國(guó)市場(chǎng)嶄露頭角，就必須設(shè)計(jì)更好的產(chǎn)品。索尼這樣的外國(guó)公司也開始明白，從前海外公司常把隨便什么地方設(shè)計(jì)的產(chǎn)品拿到中國(guó)來(lái)賣，而現(xiàn)在，中國(guó)消費(fèi)者變得更加挑剔，他們不再那樣容易滿足了。
答案與解析:
Chinese companies want to create world brands and the foreign companies want to increase the selling in China which all change the Chinese design industry.The Chinese manufacturers realize that they have to design better products if they want to stand out in the domestic markets as well as distinguish themselves in the foreign markets.Previously,the overseas caompanies always took the products which were designed in somewhere to Chinese market,but now the foreign companies such as Sony begins to realize that the Chinese consumers become more and more fastidious and no longer easy to be satisfied.
這里的“脫穎而出”和“嶄露頭角意思相近”，我們盡量選擇不同的譯法，兩個(gè)詞語(yǔ)可以分別譯為“stand out”和“distinguish themselves”。
英語(yǔ)
四級(jí)翻譯（10.20）
1936年竺可楨授命出任浙江大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)。在此之前，他已經(jīng)是一位聲名卓著的自然科學(xué)家了。從1936年到1949年，竺可楨當(dāng)了十三年大學(xué)校長(zhǎng)。在連綿不斷的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、學(xué)運(yùn)的夾縫中，在極為惡劣的環(huán)境下，他跋涉五千里、五易校址、歷經(jīng)五省、顛沛流離，居然將這所他接手時(shí)只有三個(gè)學(xué)院、十六個(gè)系的大學(xué)辦成了擁有七個(gè)學(xué)院、二十七個(gè)學(xué)系全國(guó)最完整的兩所大學(xué)之一。
答案與解析:
In 1936,Zhu Kezhen was appointed as the principal of Zhejiang University.Even before then,he had been a famous natural scientist.From 1936 to 1949,Zhu Kezhen worked as the university principal for 13 years.In the extremely hostile environment filled with converging attacks by continuous wars and various university affairs,being homeless and miserable,he trudged 5,000 li and drifted from place to place through 5 provinces,with the university location being changed 5 times.He actually developed the university into one of the nation's two most integrated universities composed of 7 schools and 27 departments,compared with only 3 schools and 16 departments when he took it over.
顛沛流離:drifted from place to place,這個(gè)詞還有另外一層意思就是“無(wú)家可歸，生活痛苦”，為了意思表達(dá)的全面，將“homeless and miserable”以分詞形式作伴隨狀語(yǔ)譯出，可以表達(dá)這是一種持續(xù)的狀態(tài)。
英語(yǔ)
四級(jí)翻譯（10.19）
無(wú)論如何，創(chuàng)造財(cái)富的物質(zhì)資源，不論其初始分配如何，最終是要通過(guò)各種各樣的渠道，流入到具有企業(yè)家精神的人手里，這是自由市場(chǎng)的一個(gè)基本趨勢(shì)。這些人獲得對(duì)他人的'財(cái)富的支配權(quán)、使用權(quán)，以之為自己創(chuàng)造財(cái)富，并積累財(cái)富。這正是自由市場(chǎng)具有效率的根源。它可以動(dòng)態(tài)地、自發(fā)地把資源從資源利用效率較低的人手里轉(zhuǎn)移到資源利用效率較高的人手里。中國(guó)人講“富不過(guò)三代”，其中有一些無(wú)奈，但也揭示了自由市場(chǎng)的精髓所在：財(cái)富本身并不能充當(dāng)財(cái)富的保障。因?yàn)�，�?cái)富本來(lái)就不是財(cái)富創(chuàng)造出來(lái)的。
答案與解析:
However,no matter how they are allocated in the firset place,the material resources which can create fortune will flow into entrepreneurs'hands eventually through various channels.It is the basic tendency of free market.Those people acquire the right of disposal and the right of use of other people's wealth to create and accumulate wealth for them.This is the very source of efficiency of free market.It can dynamically and spontaneously transfers the resources from the people who are inefficient in resourses use to the people who are efficient in resources use.There is a Chinese saying that “the rich can not last three generations”.It has no alternative but also reveals some pith and marrow of the free market:the fortune itself can not be be guraantee of the fortune,because the fortune is not created by fortune.
這里“富不過(guò)三代”的俗語(yǔ)可以翻出它的意思即可，后面的“無(wú)奈…但…”可以用“have no alternative but also”這種結(jié)構(gòu)。
英語(yǔ)
四級(jí)閱讀理解練習(xí)(385)
A scientific panel convened by the World Health Organization recommended guidelines on Friday for doctors conducting clinical studies of SARS patients. The panel urged doctors to apply the guidelines in analyzing the masses of potentially useful information about various therapies that were collected in this year’s epidemic. Much of that information has not been published or analyzed.
“It is a matter of urgency to get better analysis and review,” said Dr. Simon Mardel, a WHO official who led the two-day meeting that ended on Friday. He said thousands of potential therapies and compounds had been tested so far as researchers try to determine treatments for SARS, or severe acute respiratory syndrome. “We recognize that having no treatment for SARS is hindering our ability to control an epidemic in so many ways.” He said.
In the epidemic earlier this year, various treatments, like drugs to fight the virus or strengthen the immune system, as well as traditional Chinese medicine, were delivered under emergency conditions, in widely different settings and countries to patients suffering from varying stages of the illness. Those conditions—generally without standardized measurements or controlled situations—have made it hard to interpret results.
Standard supportive therapy like nursing, and in severe cases the use of mechanical respirators（呼吸器）to help patients breathe, is the mainstay（主要支持）of SARS care, and helped many patients survive. But doctors still do not know how best to treat SARS patients who have breathing difficulties. Dr. Mardel said. One method is invasive ventilation. A second method involves blowing oxygen into the lungs through a mask. Both carry the risk of transmitting the virus to hospital employees. Without proper analysis, the panel was unable to say definitively which treatment worked best, or which caused the most harm. “There is a lack of shared information,” Dr. Mardel said, noting that a lot of data have not been published.
The panel also agreed on guidelines that would allow doctors to conduct quick and safe clinical trials, a process that generally takes years to complete. The world Health Organization, a United Nations agency did not release the guidelines. Dr. Mardel said they were flexible because no one knew where, when and in what setting SARS would return. Experts in many countries have already listed the treatments they want to test, and the health agency is leaving these decisions to individual nations.
(402 words)
1. Guidelines recommended by the scientific panel can be used for _____.
A. gathering potentially useful information about various therapies collected
B. conducting clinical studies of SARS patients
C. determining treatment for SARS
D. publishing all the information about SARS
2. According to the passage, it is difficult to interpret the results of certain treatments for SARS because _____.
A. patients were in different countries
B. patients were given medicines in widely different settings
C. patients were at different stages of the illness
D. these conditions had no standardized measurements or controlled situations
3. According to doctors, the two methods to treat SARS patients who have breathing difficulties both _______.
A. carry the risk of infecting hospital employees
B. are effective in curing patients who have breathing difficulties
C. don’t run the risk of transmitting the virus to hospital employees
D. prove to work effectively and cause no harm
4. According to a WHO official, Dr. Mardel, the guidelines were flexible because _____.
A. SARS would reemerge in poor countries
B. no one knew where, when and in what setting SARS would return
C. SARS would not appear in developed countries
D. no one knew whether SARS would return or not
5. Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?
A. SARS, a Dreadful Disease
B. No Good Methods to Treat SARS
C. SARS Will Return One Day
D. Health Panel Recommends New Guidelines on SARS
答案與解析：
1. B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“…guidelines…for doctors
conducting clinical studies…”得出此結(jié)論。
2. D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句。
3. A
細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段介紹的兩種方法的評(píng)論“Both carry the risk of transmitting the virus to hospital
employees.”可得出結(jié)論。
4. B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段Because引導(dǎo)的從句“because no one knew where,
when and in what setting SARS would return.”可知。
5. D
主旨題。可根據(jù)排他法選出最佳答案。
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四級(jí)翻譯練習(xí)(463)
1.Our efforts will pay off if the results of research_____(能應(yīng)用于新技術(shù)的開發(fā))。
2. I can’t boot my computer now .Something_____(一定出了毛病) with its operation system.
3. Leaving one’s job, _____(不管是什么工作), is a difficult change even for those who look forward to retiring.
4. When I walked past his house，________________（我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)他在彈鋼琴）.
5. ________________（學(xué)生們應(yīng)該從這里得出一條經(jīng)驗(yàn)）：Don’t be misled by false appearances.
答案與解析：
1.can be applied to the research and development of new technology。“被應(yīng)用于”翻譯為“be applied to”，“……的開發(fā)”譯為“the development of…”。
2.must be wrong�！啊欢ā弊g為“must be”，表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)。
3.no matter what job it is�！盁o(wú)論……”可用no matter what 或whatever.
4. I heard him playing the piano
本題是對(duì)基本知識(shí)點(diǎn)的考查。我們知道，感官的動(dòng)詞hear，see，watch等有兩種接續(xù)形式：一個(gè)是后接現(xiàn)在分詞，一個(gè)是后接不帶to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。接現(xiàn)在分詞表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行中；接不帶to的不定式表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成。根據(jù)題意，應(yīng)該選擇第一種翻譯。
5. Students should draw a lesson here
本題意為：學(xué)生們應(yīng)該從這里得出一條經(jīng)驗(yàn)：不要被假象所迷惑�？吹�"經(jīng)驗(yàn)"一詞，大多考生會(huì)反應(yīng)出experience，但根據(jù)全句意思可知，"經(jīng)驗(yàn)"兩字在這里并不是指取得成功之后所積累的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，而是指從錯(cuò)誤和失敗中得出的教訓(xùn)。Lesson表示教訓(xùn)、懲戒、訓(xùn)誡等，在譯文中能準(zhǔn)確傳遞原文的內(nèi)涵。
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