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初中英語常見錯誤之S系列

　　錯題本是中考英語的高分秘籍。他能讓我們總結(jié)錯誤思路，得到正確答案，大大提高我們的分?jǐn)?shù)。以下是YJBYS的小編為大家整理的初中英語常見錯誤之S系列。希望對大家的學(xué)習(xí)能有所幫助!

初中英語常見錯誤之S系列

　　safe

　　[誤] The brave man safed the boy from drowning.

　　[正] The brave man saved the boy from drowning.

　　[析] safe是形容詞，如： They wished him a safe journey. safely是副詞，如： The young man drives his car safely. 而safety是名詞，如： safety island(安全島)，Safety first!(安全第一!)但save是動詞。

　　same

　　[誤] Yesterday I got a postcard. It is the same that you got the day before yesterday.

　　[正] Yesterday I got a postcard. It is the same as you got the day before yesterday.

　　[析] the same that意為"即是"，而the same as才能譯為"像……一樣的。"

　　[誤] Your book is not same as mine.

　　[正] Your book is not the same as mine.

　　[析] the same as中的定冠詞不能少。

　　say

　　[誤] His report wrote she is nineteen.

　　[正] His report says she is nineteen.

　　[析] 中文中常講"報告上寫到"、"信上寫到"，這樣的"寫"在英文中要用say.

　　say speak talk tell

　　英文中"說"一般有四個詞，其中say和tell為及物動詞。tell可以加雙賓語，如Please tell me a story. 而speak與talk為不及物動詞。speak只有后面直接加"語言"時才是及物的，如： Please speak English. 請看下句： He went on talking for a long time, but he spoke so fast that few of us could catch what he said.

　　sea

　　[誤] As a boy his great ambition(抱負(fù)) was to go to the sea.

　　[正] As a boy his great ambition was to go to sea.

　　[析] go to sea為"去當(dāng)水手、海員";而go to the sea=go to the seaside, 如： He want to go to the sea for his vacation.

　　在"海中"游泳為in the sea; at sea為在"海上航行"，如： I have a brother at sea. by sea為"坐船"、"由海路運輸"，如： We travelled to New York by sea.

　　second

　　[誤] I want to learn the second foreign language.

　　[正] I want to learn a second foreign language.

　　[析] 當(dāng)作為"第二"外語，"再增加一個"時，不要用the second而要用a second. the second強(qiáng)調(diào)排隊的次序，a second強(qiáng)調(diào)再增加一個。

　　see

　　[誤] He was seen leave the room.

　　[正] He was seen to leave the room.

　　[析] see作主動態(tài)時用作to see somebody do something, 而用作被動態(tài)時則是somebody to be seen to do something. 要注意慣用法let me see(讓我想想)。

　　sheep

　　[誤] There are five sheeps on the grass.

　　[正] There are five sheep on the grass.

　　[析] sheep是單、復(fù)數(shù)同形名詞，其他的還有： deer(鹿)，fish(魚)等。

　　ship

　　[誤] I travelled on a yacht.

　　[正] I travelled on a ship (in a yacht).

　　[析] 雖然都是船，但游艇(yacht)要用in, 而ship要用on.

　　sick

　　[誤] The little boy was a ill boy.

　　[正] The little boy was a sick boy.

　　[析] sick與ill作表語時都表示"有病"之意，如： He feels ill. 或He feels sick. 都對，但作定語時則只能用sick.

　　since

　　[誤] He is living in Greece since 1978.

　　[正] He has lived in Greece since 1978.

　　[正] He has been living in Greece since 1978.

　　[析]

　　由since引出的狀語從句意為"自從"某時一直如何，主句要用完成時或完成進(jìn)行時。

　　[誤] She has been quite different since came back from America.

　　[正] She has been quite different since coming back from America.

　　[析] 分詞短語可以用在after, before, since等介詞后面。

　　sleep

　　[誤] The boy was very asleep.

　　[正] The boy was fast asleep.

　　[析] 熟睡在英文中為fast asleep. 非正式英語中一般不常用Hes sleeping. 而常講Hes asleep. 其形容詞sleepy是"困倦的"，如： I shall go to bed now. Im so sleepy. "臥鋪"英國人講sleeping car，而美國人講sleeper.

　　slow

　　[誤] Slow the door opened.

　　[正] Slowly the door opened.

　　[析] slow與slowly的用法與意思相同，在口語中和路標(biāo)中多用slow，如： Tell him to drive slower. Slow, dangerous bend. 但是如果用在動詞前還是要用slowly.

　　smile

　　[誤] She smiled to me.

　　[正] She smiled at me.

　　[析] "沖著某人笑"應(yīng)為to smile at somebody.

　　[誤] It is such beautiful a book that every child likes it.

　　[正] It is such a beautiful book that every child likes it.

　　[正] It is so beautiful a book that every child likes it.

　　[析] 關(guān)于so與such用法的區(qū)別有四種情況：

　　① 用于單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞之前，其格式為"such+不定冠詞+形容詞+名詞"，而"so+形容詞+不定冠詞"。

　�、� 用于可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞前，只能用 such，如： It is such good weather that we want to go for a walk. They are such good students that they can pass the exam easily.

　　③ 在只有形容詞時只能用so，如： It is so good that I like it very much.

　�、� 在many, much, few, little這四個詞前只能用so而不能用such。如： I have so little money that I cant buy the dictionary.

　　[誤] He got up early so as he could catch the first bus.

　　[正] He got up early so as to catch the first bus.

　　[正] He got up early so that he could catch the first bus.

　　[正] He got up so early that he could catch the first bus.

　　some

　　[誤] Do you have some lessone to prepare

　　[正] Do you have any lessons to prepare

　　[析] 在疑問句或否定句中要用any; some多用在肯定句中，如： I have some money to buy it.

　　在請求，或真心希望得到肯定答復(fù)時，在疑問句中也要用some，如： Would you like something to drink即真心實意希望為對方提供飲料。又如： Could you lend me some money即真心想要借到錢。

　　sometime

　　[誤] I have sometime thought that I should like to live in the country.

　　[正] I have sometimes thought that I should like to live in the country.

　　sometime sometimes some times sometime

　　sometime為"某個時候"、"總有一天"，如： Well meet again sometime next year. 或過去的"某一時刻"，如： I saw her sometime in July. sometimes為"有時候"、"時常"、"常常"，如： Every man is a fool sometimes, and none at all times. Some times為"若干次"，如： I visited America some times. May be five or seven times. I am not sure. Some time則是"一段時間"、"一些時候"，如： I want to leave some time.

　　soon

　　[誤] The room as soon as became crowded.

　　[正] The room soon became crowded.

　　[析] soon為"不久"、"很快"，如： Ill be there very soon. 而as soon as意為"一……就……"，如： As soon as I finished my homework I went out to play football.

　　sound

　　[誤] The report sounds well.

　　[正] The report sounds good.

　　[析] sound作動詞時其后接形容詞而不接副詞，如： How sweet the music sounds!

　　sport

　　[誤] Are you going to run in the school sprot

　　[正] Are you going to run in the school sprots

　　[析] sport用作可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時指具體的某項運動，如： Basketball is an indoor sport. 而在泛指"運動"或"運動會"時要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式sports.

　　spring

　　[誤] Ill visit America in this spring.

　　[正] Ill visit America in spring.

　　[正] Ill visit America this spring.

　　[析] 英語一年四季前如果有that, this, last, next等詞，則其前面不要再加介詞。這樣的用法還有周、月、年等。請看下面句子中的用法有何不同： He told me that she did it on the next day. 這時是指過去某一天的第二天，所以才有這種用法。如果以現(xiàn)在為時間基點的第二天應(yīng)為Ill do it next day.

　　start

　　[誤] What time will you start to San Francisco

　　[正] What time will you start for San Francisco

　　[析] start與leave一樣，其后接"for+目的地"。

　　begin start

　　begin與start在很多場合下是一樣的意思，如： We started/began to study English two years ago. 但在如下場合則不能用begin:

　�、� 作為"啟程"講，如： I think we ought to start at six.

　　② 表示"開始工作"，如： The car wont start. (車子發(fā)動不起來。)

　�、� 作為"開動"、"啟動"講，如： Do you know how to start this machine.

　　still

　　[誤] Oh, it is still raining now.

　　[正] Oh, it is still raining.

　　[析] 因still即包含有現(xiàn)在仍然如何，所以now是多余詞。

　　still yet already

　　still一般與動詞連用，可放于句子中間用以說明過去開始的動作現(xiàn)在仍然在繼續(xù)，特別用來表示我們希望它早點停止。如： Ive been thinking for hours, but I still cant decide. yet一般放于句末，用在疑問句與否定句中。如： Has the postman come yet already則與動詞連用，可放于句中表示某事的發(fā)生比預(yù)期的要早，如： Ive already finished my homework.

　　stop

　　[誤] When the teacher came into the classroom the students stopped to talk.

　　[正] When the teacher came into the classroom the students stopped talking.

　　[析] stop to do something是"停下來去做某事"，而stop doing something是"停止做某事"。

　　street

　　[誤] There is a narrow winding street from our village to the next one.

　　[正] There is a narrow winding road from our village to the next one.

　　[析] street一般指城市中兩旁有建筑物的"街道"，而road多指鄉(xiāng)間的"路"。

　　strict

　　[誤] You ought to be strict to him.

　　[正] You ought to be strict with him.

　　[析] be strict with是"對……嚴(yán)格的"。

　　such

　　[誤] Do you want to have such a dictionary

　　[正] Do you want to have such a good dictionary

　　[正] Do you want to have a dictionary like that

　　[析] such作加強(qiáng)語氣時一般是"such+(冠詞)形容詞+名詞"，如： Its such a good book. 但如果名詞前沒有形容詞則要看其名詞是否具有"能顯示程度的含意"，如： Ive got such a headache. You are such fools!否則在such與名詞之間一定要有形容詞。

　　sure

　　[誤] I am quite sure for that answer.

　　[正] I am quite sure of that answer.

　　[析] sure用于句中表示"對……事有確實把握"時應(yīng)跟of或about，而不跟for，如： Im sure about (of) his ability to control this machine.

　　sweet

　　[誤] Honey tastes sweetly.

　　[正] Honey tastes sweet.

　　[析] sweet可以作為名詞，意為"糖果"，是可數(shù)名詞，如： May I have a sweet作形容詞，如： The child looked very sweet. 而sweetly為副詞，意為"甜美地"、"悅耳地"。要注意taste為感觀動詞，其后面要接形容詞而不是副詞。

　　“Say”與“Tell”的混淆

　　錯誤：He say me the news.

　　正確：He tells me the news.

　　解釋：“Say”通常直接跟說的內(nèi)容，而“Tell”常接雙賓語，即“Tell sb. sth.”

　　“Such”與“So”的誤用

　　錯誤：Its such a good book that I read it twice.

　　正確：Its so good a book that I read it twice.

　　解釋：“Such + a/an + 形容詞 + 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”，“So + 形容詞 + a/an + 可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”

　　“Some”與“Any”的不分

　　錯誤：Would you like some coffee? No, I dont want any.

　　正確：Would you like some coffee? No, I dont want any.

　　解釋：“Some”常用于肯定句和表示請求、建議的疑問句中；“Any”常用于否定句和疑問句中。但在希望得到對方肯定回答的疑問句中用“Some”

　　“Spend”“Take”“Cost”“Pay”的錯用

　　錯誤：The book cost me five yuan to buy.

　　正確：The book cost me five yuan.

　　解釋：“Spend”的主語是人，常用結(jié)構(gòu)“Spend...on sth. / (in) doing sth.”；“Take”常用句型“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”；“Cost”的主語是物；“Pay”常與“for”搭配，“Pay...for sth.”

　　“Speak”“Talk”“Tell”“Say”的混淆

　　錯誤：They are talking about the film speak English.

　　正確：They are talking about the film and they can speak English.

　　解釋：“Speak”常接語言；“Talk”強(qiáng)調(diào)雙方交流；“Tell”意為“告訴”；“Say”著重說的內(nèi)容

　　“See sb. do sth.”與“See sb. doing sth.”的混淆

　　錯誤：I saw him danced just now.

　　正確：I saw him dance just now.

　　解釋：“See sb. do sth.”表示看到某人做了某事的全過程；“See sb. doing sth.”表示看到某人正在做某事

　　“Sometimes”“Some times”“Sometime”“Some time”的亂用

　　錯誤：I will go to Beijing sometime next week.

　　正確：I will go to Beijing sometime next week.

　　解釋：“Sometimes”表示“有時”；“Some times”表示“幾次”；“Sometime”表示“某個時候”；“Some time”表示“一段時間”