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2016年托福語法詞匯專項(xiàng)習(xí)題及答案
1. A microscope can reveal vastly _____ detail than is visible to the naked eye.
(A) than
(B) than more
(C) more than
(D) more.
答案：D
分析：由信號詞分析：由信號詞than可知空各處應(yīng)填more.
參考譯文：一臺顯微鏡能展示遠(yuǎn)超過肉眼看見的非常多的細(xì)節(jié)。
2. Narcissus bulbs _____ at least three inches apart and covered with about four inches of well drained soil.
(A) should be planted
(B) to plant
(C) must planting
(D) should plant
答案：A
分析：空格前為主語，空格出缺謂語動詞，故首先排除(B)。(C)中must后應(yīng)該接動詞塬形，故也排除。Plant是及物動詞，在沒有賓語的情況下應(yīng)該用被動語態(tài)形式，故選(A).
參考譯文：種植水仙花球時應(yīng)該至少保持3IN的間距，并且要用大約4IN的有良好透水性的土壤覆蓋。
3. Industrialization has been responsible for _____ most radical of the environmental changes caused by humans.
(A) a
(B) the
(C) some of which
(D) which are the
答案：B
分析：空格后為形容詞最高級，空格處應(yīng)填定冠詞。
參考譯文：由人類所造成的環(huán)境變化中，工業(yè)化導(dǎo)致了環(huán)境最根本的變化。
4. In many areas the slope and topography of the land _____ excess rainfall to run off into a natural outlet.
(A) neither permit
(B) without permitting
(C) nor permitting
(D) do not permit.
答案：D
分析：句子缺少謂語動詞。(A)項(xiàng)沒有與neither對應(yīng)的nor.(B)(C)不能做謂語，故選(D).
參考譯文：在許多地區(qū)，陸地的坡度和地形決定了過量的雨水是不能排到自然的出口的。
5. Color and light, taken together, _____ the aesthetic impact of the interior of a building.
(A) very powerfully influence
(B) very influence powerfully
(C) powerfully very influence
(D) influence powerfully very.
答案：A
分析：句子缺謂語動詞。四個選項(xiàng)用詞相同，語序不同。程度副詞very修飾副詞powerfully，必須放在powerfully之前。故選(A).
參考譯文：顏色和光混合一起，將對一座建筑物內(nèi)部的審美效果產(chǎn)生非常強(qiáng)烈的影響。
6. _____ that Rachel Carson’s 1962 book Silent Spring was one of the chief sources of inspiration for the development of nontoxic pesticides.
(A) There is likely
(B) Likely to be
(C) It is likely
(D) Likely
答案：C
分析：that后是從句，空格應(yīng)填主句。(B)(D)沒有謂語動詞，
參考譯文：Rachel Carson于1962年出版的《沉靜的春天》一書可能是發(fā)展無毒殺蟲這一靈感的主要源泉之一。
7. Total color blindness, _____, is the result of a defect in the retina.
(A) a rare condition that
(B) a rare condition
(C) that a rare condition
(D) is a rare condition.
答案：B
分析：逗號之外是完整的句子，空格在主語之后一般是同位語，定語，狀語或非限定性定語從句。(A)(C)含從句引導(dǎo)詞，但沒有謂語動詞，(D)有謂語動詞，但沒有從句引導(dǎo)詞，均排除。(B)為名詞短語做同位語，故選(B)。
參考譯文：完全色盲，一種稀有的癥狀，是由視網(wǎng)膜缺陷所致。
8. _____ no conclusive evidence exists, many experts believe that the wheel was invented only once and then diffused to the rest of the world.
(A) Even
(B) But
(C) Although
(D) So.
答案：C
分析：逗號前應(yīng)是從句，(A)(B)(D)都不能引導(dǎo)從句，故選(C).
參考譯文：儘管沒有令人信服的證據(jù)，許多專家們依然堅(jiān)信，車輪一旦被發(fā)明接著就傳遍全世界。
9. Wherever there is plenty of rain during the growing season, life is _____ in various forms.
(A) abundant
(B) the abundance
(C) an abundant
(D) it abundant
答案：A
分析：逗號后面是主句，is是系動詞，空格處應(yīng)是表語。(C)缺名詞做中心詞，(D)多it,排除。根據(jù)題意應(yīng)選(A)
參考譯文：無論何處，在生長季節(jié)期間，只要由大量雨水，就會有各種各樣的生命存在。
10. In her time, Isadora Duncan was _____ today a liberated woman.
(A) calling what we would
(B) who would be calling
(C) what we would call
(D) she would call it.
答案：C
分析：was是句子謂語，四個選項(xiàng)里都有動詞，所以空格處應(yīng)是從句的引導(dǎo)詞和從句主謂語，排除(A)(D)�？崭袂皼]有指人的先行詞，排除(B).
參考譯文： 按照今天的說法，在Isadora Duncan時代，她應(yīng)該視為是一位獲得解放的女性。
11. _____ around stones that are sun-warmed, even the smallest of stones creates tiny currents of warm air.
(A) The cool air
(B) If the air is cool
(C) That the air cools
(D) The cooler the air.
答案：B
分析：逗號后是主句，前面是狀語，或狀語從句。(A)是名詞短語，(C)是主語從句，(D)是the more…the more句型，后面沒有與之對應(yīng)的比較成分，故排除。(B)為狀語從句，符合題意。
參考譯文：如果被太陽照熱的石頭周圍空氣是涼的，那么即使是最小的石頭也會產(chǎn)生微小的暖氣流。
12. Despite its wide range of styles and instrumentation, country music has certain common features _____ its own special character.
(A) give it that
(B) that give it
(C) give that
(D) that gives it to
答案：B
分析：空格前為完整的句子，空格處應(yīng)為名詞features的修飾語。(A)(C)從句引導(dǎo)詞的位置不對，(D)多介詞to，應(yīng)為give有雙賓語，故選(B)
參考譯文：儘管鄉(xiāng)村音樂在風(fēng)格和樂器上各不相同，但是依然具有某種共同的特性，這就形成了其音樂上自身特有的特點(diǎn)。
13. Most of _____ archaeologists know about prehistoric cultures is based on studies of material remains.
(A) these
(B) what
(C) which
(D) their
答案：B
分析：句子有兩個非并列的謂語，則判定前一個是從句的謂語動詞�？崭裉帒�(yīng)該填入可以作of賓語，又可以作從句引導(dǎo)詞的詞，只有what可以。
參考譯文：考古學(xué)家所知道關(guān)于史前文化的絕大部分認(rèn)識，都是基于對文物遺跡的研究。
14. According to some critics, the novels of William Burroughs demonstrate the major hazard of absurd literature, _____ tendency toward over-embellishment and incoherence.
(A) notwithstanding
(B) besides
(C) is a
(D) its
答案：D
分析：逗號后的名詞成分與the major hazard of absurd literature是并列部分，所以只有its符合要求。
參考譯文： 根據(jù)一些評論家的觀點(diǎn)，William Burroughs的小說論證了荒謬文學(xué)的主要危害，即是會導(dǎo)致矯揉造作和不連貫性。
15. Coinciding with the development of jazz in New Orleans in the 1920’s _____ in blues music.
(A) was one of the greatest periods.
(B) one of the greatest periods
(C) was of the greatest periods
(D) the greatest periods.
答案：A
分析：空格處缺少謂語動詞，(B)(D)不含謂語動詞，可先排除。(C)結(jié)構(gòu)錯誤，故排除。
句子可以理解成為“One of the greatest periods in blues music was coinciding with the development of jazz in New Orleans in the 1920’s.”為了加強(qiáng)語氣，做表語的介詞短語，形容詞，副詞，分詞，可放在句首，引起倒裝，構(gòu)成“表語+be+主語”。
參考譯文：20世紀(jì)20年代在新奧爾良州，與爵士音樂協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的這一時期，達(dá)到了藍(lán)調(diào)音樂發(fā)展的高峰。
16.Gone With the Wind, the epic novel about life in South during the Civil War period, took ten years write.
答案：D
改正：years writeàyears to write
分析：塬句出現(xiàn)兩個謂語動詞，根據(jù)take+時間+to do，將write改為非謂語動詞。
參考譯文：《飄》這部劃時代反映內(nèi)戰(zhàn)時期南方生活的小說，耗時十年創(chuàng)作而成。
17. None two butterflies have exactly the same design on their wings.
答案：A
改正：noneàno
分析：none是代詞，修飾名詞用形容詞no.
參考譯文：沒有兩隻蝴蝶的翅膀上的斑紋恰好相同。
18. To save the California condor from extinction, a group of federal, local, and privately organizations initiated a rescue program.
答案：C
改正：privatelyàprivate
分析：平行結(jié)構(gòu)考點(diǎn)。Privately不能與前面的federal, local平行，故改為形容詞。
參考譯文：為了挽救加利福尼亞禿鷹避免滅絕，一支由聯(lián)邦、地方和私人團(tuán)體組成的團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)起了一個營救計(jì)畫。
19. A coral reef, a intricate aquatic community of plants and animals, is found only in warm, shallow, sunlit seas.
答案：A
改正：aàan
分析：發(fā)音以母音開頭的詞用an修飾。
參考譯文：一種珊瑚礁，類屬于一種復(fù)雜水生動植物群體，發(fā)現(xiàn)僅存于溫暖、有光照和淺的海域。
20. Carnegie hall was the first building in New York designed special for orchestral music.
答案：C
改正：specialàspecially或especially
分析：special是形容詞，不能修飾動詞，故改為副詞。
參考譯文：卡內(nèi)基大廳是紐約市第一座專門設(shè)計(jì)用于管弦音樂演奏的建筑物。
21. Since it lives in the desert, the collared lizard depends from insects for water as well as for food.
答案：C
改正：depends fromàdepends on
分析：這種用法是固定搭配。
參考譯文：由于它生活在沙漠，蜥蜴的水源和食物靠的是昆蟲.
22. The Texas Panhandle region, in the northwestern part of the state, produces more wheat, cotton, and grain sorghum than any of other area of Texas.
答案：D
改正：any ofàany
分析：any在這里是副詞，可以直接修飾other.
參考譯文：德州西北部的狹長地區(qū)，比德州其他的地方生產(chǎn)更多的小麥，棉花和高梁
谷物。
23. Light rays what enter the eye must be focused onto a point on the retina in order for a clear visual image to form.
答案：A
改正：whatàthat
分析：what不能引導(dǎo)定語從句。
參考譯文：進(jìn)入眼睛的光線必須聚焦在視網(wǎng)膜的一個點(diǎn)上以便形成一個清晰的實(shí)像。
24. The orangutan’s hands and feet are designed for holding and grasping branches, and its powerful immensely arms enable it to climb and swing in trees without difficulty.
答案：C
改正：powerful immenselyàimmensely powerful
分析：副詞修飾形容詞時要放在形容詞前面。
參考譯文：猩猩的手腳被設(shè)計(jì)用來抓住樹枝，并且它大而有力的胳膊使它能夠輕鬆的
在樹上攀爬和搖擺。
25. The extraordinary beautiful of orchids makes them the basis of a multimillion dollar floral industry.
答案：B
改正：beautifulàbeauty
分析：of前后始終應(yīng)用名詞成分，而且beautiful不能被形容詞extraordinary修飾。
參考譯文：異常美麗的蘭花使他們成為有數(shù)百萬美金的花卉工業(yè)的基礎(chǔ)。
26. The Vermont Elememary Science Project, according to its founders, are designed to challenge some of the most widely held beliefs about teaching.
答案：B
改正：are designedàis designed
分析：主謂單復(fù)數(shù)應(yīng)一致。
參考譯文：根據(jù)它的創(chuàng)始人，Vermont基礎(chǔ)科學(xué)工程被設(shè)計(jì)用來挑戰(zhàn)一些教學(xué)方面的廣泛信仰
27. The number 8.5 is an example of a “mixed number” because it is composing of an integer and a fraction.
答案：B
改正：composingàcomposed
分析：be composed of 是習(xí)慣用法。牢記即可。
參考譯文：數(shù)字8.5是帶分?jǐn)?shù)的一個例子因?yàn)樗怯梢粋�整數(shù)和一個分?jǐn)?shù)組成的。
28. If it is kept dry, a seed can still sprout up to forty years after their formation.
答案：D
改正：theiràits
分析：代詞應(yīng)與前面主語a seed一致，故改為its.
參考譯文：如果它保持乾燥，一粒種子仍可以在其成型40年后發(fā)芽.
29. In The Sociology of Science, now considered a classic, Robert Merton discusses cultural, economy and social forces that contributed to the development of modern science.
答案：B
改正：economy and socialàeconomic and social
分析：平行結(jié)構(gòu)問題。Cultural, social是形容詞，故將economy改為形容詞形式。
參考譯文：社會學(xué)，現(xiàn)在看成一門經(jīng)典，Robert Merton論述了文化，經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會力量
對現(xiàn)代科學(xué)發(fā)展的貢獻(xiàn).
30.Bacteria lived in the soil play a vital role in recycling the carbon and nitrogen needed by plants.
答案：A
改正：livedàliving
分析：living in the soil是后置定語，play是句子的謂語動詞。因?yàn)閎acteria是動作的發(fā)出者，故使用現(xiàn)在分詞living。
參考譯文：生活在土壤中的細(xì)菌在職務(wù)所需的碳氮迴圈扮演了一個重要的角色.
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