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職稱英語《理工B》閱讀判斷歷年真題
在日常學習和工作生活中，我們很多時候都不得不用到考試真題，考試真題有助于被考核者了解自己的真實水平。你所了解的考試真題是什么樣的呢？以下是小編收集整理的職稱英語《理工B》閱讀判斷歷年真題，僅供參考，大家一起來看看吧。
職稱英語《理工B》閱讀判斷歷年真題 1
So Many "Earths"
The Milky Way (銀行) contains billions of Earth-sized planets that could support life. Thats the finding of new study. It draws on data that came from NASAs top planet-hunting telescope.
A mechanical failure recently put that Kepter space telescope out of service. Kepler had played a big role in creating a census of planets orbiting some 170,000 stars. Its date have been helping astronomers predict how common planets are in our galaxy. The telescope focused on hunting planets that might have conditions similar to those on Earth.
The authors of a study published in The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences conclude that between 14 and 30 out of every 100 stars with a mass and temperature similar to the Sun may host a planet that could support life as we know it. Such a planet would have a diameter at least as large as Earths but no more than twice that big. The planet also would have to orbit in a stars habitable zone. Thats where the surface temperature would allow any water to exist as liquid.
The new estimate of how many planets might fit these conditions comes from studying more that 42,000 stars and identifying suitable worlds orbiting them. The scientists used those numbers to extrapolate (推算) to the rest of the stars that the telescope could not see.
The estimate is rough, the authors admit. If applied to the solar system, it would define as habitable a zone starting as close ot the Sun as Venus and running to as far away as Mars. Neither planet is Earthlike (although either might have been in the distant pase). Using tighter limits the researchers estimate the between 4 and 8 out of every 100 sunlike stars could host an Earth-sized world. These are ones that would take 200 to 400 days to complete a yearly orbit.
Four out of every 100 sunlike stars doesnt sound like a big number. It would mean however that the Milky Way could host more than a billion Earth-sized planets with a chance for life.
16. The Kepler space telescope has been in service for 15 years.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
17. The main task of the Kepler space telescope is to find out planets with similar conditions to Earths.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
18. The planet that could support life might be a little bit smaller than Earth.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
19. The Earth is a planet orbiting in the Suns habitable zone.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
20. The new finding is based on a thorough study of 170,000 stars on the Milky Way.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
21. The estimate of the number of planets that could support life is not very accurate.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
22. This is the first research finding about the planets with a chance for life.
A. Right
B. Wrong
C. Not mentioned
答案及解析：
16.c。題干：Kepler太空望遠鏡已經(jīng)使用15年了。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞Kepler和15進行定位，發(fā)現(xiàn)第二段談及“A mechanical failure recently put that Kepter space telescope out of service”，即“技術(shù)的故障使得Kepler太空望遠鏡不能再使用了”，但是沒有提及Kepler太空望遠鏡的使用時間，故答案為C。
17.A。題干：Kepler太空望遠鏡的主要任務(wù)就是找到與地球情況類似的行星。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞Kepler和Earth等可以定位到第二段“The telescope focused on hunting planets that might have conditions similar to those on Earth.”。由此可知，題干信息與原句信息一致，故答案為A。
18.B。題干：能支持生命的行星可能比地球要小一點。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞support life和smaller進行定位，可以定位到第三段“…14 and 300ut of every 100 stars with a mass and temperature similar to the Sun may host a planet that could support life as we know it.Such a planet would have a diameter at least as large as Earth’s but no more than twice that big”，即“據(jù)我們所知，每100個恒星之中約有14——30個恒星有著與太陽相似的體積和溫度，可能支持行星上的生命，這樣的行星直徑至少與地球直徑一樣大或者最大不超過地球直徑的.兩倍”。由此可知，題干信息與原句信息不一致，故答案為B。
19.A。題干：地球行星是圍繞太陽的可居住區(qū)域內(nèi)的軌道運行。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞orbit和habitable zone等可以定位到第三段“The planet also would have to orbit in a star’s habitable zone.”，即“這樣的行星也必須在恒星的可居住區(qū)域內(nèi)的軌道運行”，并結(jié)合上一句可知，能支持生命的行星需要在像太陽這樣的恒星的可居住區(qū)域內(nèi)運行。由此可知，題干信息與原句信息一致，故答案為A。
20.B。題干：新發(fā)現(xiàn)是基于對銀河系中17萬顆恒星的全部研究。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞new finding和170000并結(jié)合題目順序與段落順序一致的原則，可以定位到第四段“The new estimateof how many planets might fit these conditions comes from studying more than 42，000 stars…”，即“有關(guān)多少行星符合這種情況的預測是來自于對42000多顆恒星的研究……”。由此可知，題干信息與原句信息不一致，故答案為B。
21.A。題干：關(guān)于可以支持生命的行星數(shù)量的預測是不準確的。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞estimate和accurate等可以定位到第四段和第五段“The new estimate ofhow many planets might fit these conditions…The estimate is rough，the authors admit”，即“這項對于符合這些情況的行星的數(shù)量的預測……作者承認這種預測是比較簡單的”。由此可知，題干信息與原句信息一致，故答案為A。
22.C。題干：這是有關(guān)有生命存在可能性的行星的最早的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞first和chance for life等可以定位到最后一段“It would mean however that the Milky Way could host more than a billion Earth-sized planets with a chance for life”，即“但是這意味著銀河系中有超過十億顆地球大小的行星都有生命存在的可能性”，但是沒有提及是否是最早的發(fā)現(xiàn)，故答案為C。
職稱英語《理工B》閱讀判斷歷年真題 2
Friendly Relations with the People Around
1 You dependon all the people closely around to give you the warm feeling of belongingness （歸屬） that you must have to feel secure. But， in fact， the members of all the groups to which you belong also dependon you to give that feeling to them. A person
who shows that he wants everything for himself is bound （一定的） to be a lonely wolf.
2 The needfor companionship is closely related to the need for a sense of belongingness. How sad and lonely your life would be if you had no one to share your feelings and experiences. You may take it for granted that there always will be people
around to talk to and to do things with you and for you. The important point， however， is that keeping emotionally healthy does not dependso much upon having people around you as upon your ability to establish relationships that are satisfying both to you and to them.
3 Suppose you are in a crowd watching a football game. You don‘t know them. When the game is over， you will all go your separate ways. But just for a while you had a feeling
of companionship， of sharing the feelings of others who were cheering for the team you wanted to win.
4 An experience of this kind gives the clue （線索） towhat companionship really is. It depends upon emotional ties of sympathy， understanding， trust， and affection. Companionsbecome friends when ihese ties are formed.
5 When you are thrown in a new circle of acquaintances （熟人）， you may not know with whom you will make friends， but you can be sure that you will be able to establish friendships if you show that you really like people.
1. Paragraph 2 。
2. Paragraph 3 。
3. Paragraph 4 。
4. Paragraph 5 。
A Making friends with new acquaintances
B Close linkbetween companionship and belongingness
C How to satisfy other people’s needs
DAn example of a satisfying relationship
E Difficulties in establishing friendships
F What companionship really is
5. If you had no one to share your feelings， your life would be______________.
6. The warm feeling of belongingness may give you______________.
7. The ability to establish fine relations with others will keep you______________.
8. You will find it hard to make friends with people______________.
A without pity
B sad and lonely
C emotionally healthy
D without real love for them /
E a sense of security
F a lonely wolf
答案
1. B 2. D 3. F 4. A 5. B 6. E 7. C 8. D
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