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職稱英語歷年真題綜合類B概括大意精選
2017年職稱英語考試復(fù)習(xí)已經(jīng)開始，為了促進大家的學(xué)習(xí)積極性，小編整理了職稱英語考試歷年真題精選，以下是關(guān)于職稱英語歷年真題綜合類B概括大意精選，供大家備考。
Traffic Jams--No End in Sight
(1) Traffic congestion (擁堵) affects people throughout the world. Traffic jams cause smog in dozens of cities across both the developed and developing world. In the U. S., commuters (通勤人員 ) spend an average of a full working week each year sitting in traffic jams, according to the Texas Transportation Institute. While alternative ways of getting around are available, most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience, comfort and privacy.
(2) The most promising technique for reducing city traffic is called congestion pricing, whereby cities charge a toll to enter certain parts of town at certain times of day. In theory, if the toll is high enough, some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train. And in practice it seems to work: Singapore, London and Stockholm have reduced traffic and pollution in city centres thanks to congestion pricing.
(3) Another way to reduce rush-hour traffic is for employers to implement flextime, which lets employees travel to and from work at off-peak traffic times to avoid the rush hour. Those who have to travel during busy times can do their part by sharing cars. Employers can also allow more staff to telecommute (work from home) so as to keep more cars off the road altogether.
(4) Some urban planners still believe that the best way to ease traffic congestion is to build more roads, especially roads that can take drivers around or over crowded city streets. But such techniques do not really keep cars off the road; they only accommodate more of them.
(5) Other, more forward-thinking, planners know that more and more drivers and cars are taking to the roads every day, and they are unwilling to encourage more private automobiles when public transport is so much better both for people and the environment. For this reason, the American government has decided to spend some $7 billion on helping to increase capacity on public-transportsystemsandupgradethemwithmoreefficienttechnologies.But
environmentalists complain that such funding is tiny compared with the $50 billion being spent on roads and bridges.
23. Paragraph 1 __________
24. Paragraph 2 __________
25. Paragraph 3 __________
26. Paragraph 4 __________
A. Paying to get in
B. Changing work practice
C. Not doing enough
D. A solution which is no solution
E. Closing city centres to traffic
F. A global problem
27. Most American drivers think it convenient to__________.
28. If charged high enough, some drivers may enter certain parts of town __________.
29. Building more roads is not an effective way to __________.
30. The U. S. government has planned to __________ updating public-transport systems.
A. reduce traffic jams
B. drive around
C. go by bus
D. spend more money
E. travel regularly
F. encourage more private cars
答案與解析
23.F。第一段首句是主題句，交通擁擠影響到了全世界的人，故F(全球問題)是正確答案。
24.A。第二段首旬是主題句，最有希望減少城市擁擠的技術(shù)被稱為擁堵收費，即車輛在一天的特定時段進入城里的特定區(qū)域是要收費的。故A(付費進入)是正確答案。
25.B。第三段首句是主題句，另一種緩解高峰期交通擁堵的方法是雇主實行彈性工作時間，這可以讓員工在非高峰期往返工作，以避開上下班的高峰，因而B(改變上下班慣例)是正確答案。
26.D。第四段沒有主題句，通過本段可知很多人認(rèn)為緩解交通壓力最好的辦法是多修路，但作者認(rèn)為這種辦法并不能真正解決問題。故D(一個不能解決問題的解決方案)是正確答案。
27.B。句意：大部分美國人認(rèn)為很方便。利用關(guān)鍵詞convenient可以定位，根據(jù)第一段最后一句“most people still choose their cars because they are looking for convenience.Comfort and privacy”可知，很多人選擇開車是為了舒適、方便和隱私。因而答案為B。
28.C。題干：如果收費足夠高，許多司機可能進入城鎮(zhèn)的特定區(qū)域。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞charge可以定位，根據(jù)第二段“In theory，if the toll is high enough.some drivers will cancel their trips or go by bus or train.”可知，“理論上，如果收費足夠高，有些司機將會取消行程或者乘坐公交或火車”，所以C(坐公交)為正確答案。
29.A。題干：建設(shè)更多的路不是的有效方法。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞building roads等可以定位，根據(jù)第四段可知，有些城市規(guī)劃者認(rèn)為緩解交通擁擠的最好辦法是建更多的路，但是并不能真的讓車遠(yuǎn)離道路，而只會容納更多的車。因而修路并不是緩解擁堵的好辦法，所以A(緩解交通擁擠)為正確答案。
30.D。題干：美國政府計劃通過升級公共交通系統(tǒng)來。利用題干關(guān)鍵詞government和public—transport system等可以定位，根據(jù)第五段倒數(shù)第二句可知，美國政府決定花費70億美元來提高公用交通系統(tǒng)的通行量，并使用更有效的技術(shù)對其進行升級，所以D(花費更多錢)為正確答案。
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